Steel 20CrMnTiB
GB 20CrMnTiB
20CrMnTiB is a chromium-manganese-titanium-boron carburizing steel with high hardenability, used where a deep case must sit on a tough core.
Reference datasheet — 20CrMnTiB is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the A condition
20CrMnTiB tempers and conditions
20CrMnTiB is supplied in 8 conditions, soft to hard. A is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADefault Solution annealed | Standard supply condition for gear blanks: uniform ferrite–pearlite structure, 156–207 HB, best green machinability before carburizing. | 400 | 620 | 22 | 179 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Cheapest mill condition for forging stock or parts that will be annealed/normalized before machining. | 450 | 700 | 18 | 17 HRC | — |
normalized and high-tempered (stress relieved) | Choose when normalized bar is too hard to machine but full annealing is not wanted; softens bainite and relieves residual stress. | 470 | 700 | 20 | 15 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Normalized | Use to refine forging structure and homogenise grain size before carburizing; harder and less machinable than annealed because boron promotes bainite on air cooling. | 520 | 780 | 17 | 20 HRC | — |
Cold drawn | Bright, close-tolerance small-diameter bar for automatic-lathe production of pins, shafts and small pinions. | 620 | 760 | 12 | 230 HB | — |
Q&T 28-34 HRC | Pick for large sections needing maximum core toughness under a carburized case, or for machinable high-strength shafts. | 800 | 980 | 15 | 31 HRC | — |
860 °C oil quench + 200 °C temper (standard test condition) | The GB acceptance heat treatment for this grade; also used for uncarburized high-strength shafts and heavily loaded fasteners. | 920 | 1,180 | 12 | 41 HRC | — |
Carburized and hardened | The functional service condition for gears: 0.8–2.0 mm effective case at 58–63 HRC over a boron-hardened core of 30–45 HRC. | 1,000 | 1,250 | 9 | 60 HRC | — |
What is 20CrMnTiB?
20CrMnTiB is a chromium-manganese-titanium-boron carburizing steel with high hardenability, used where a deep case must sit on a tough core. Typical forms are hot rolled, normalized, normalized-and-tempered, isothermally annealed and cold-drawn bar for heavy truck and machinery gears; the annealed default condition is 400 MPa yield, 620 MPa tensile, 22 % elongation and 179 HB. It must be case hardened and ground to be useful, welding needs preheat and immediate stress relief, and bare surfaces have no corrosion resistance. 20MnTiB is the lower-hardenability alternative for smaller sections. 20CrMnTiB has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). 20CrMnTiB has a yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 60% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is 20CrMnTiB used for?
- heavy truck gears
- gearboxes
- differential gears
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 200°C (392 °F), worse than 93% of steel grades
20CrMnTiB properties
Typical room-temperature values for 20CrMnTiB-A; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
20CrMnTiB has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical13
20CrMnTiB has a yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 60% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
20CrMnTiB is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.8 µm/m·K (6.56 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
20CrMnTiB conducts electricity at 8 % IACS, better than 55% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 20CrMnTiB takes about 34 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — more than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
20CrMnTiB's machinability is good (58/100, better than 75% of steel grades); weldability fair (35/100); formability fair (50/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 20CrMnTiB is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 20CrMnTiB
Is 20CrMnTiB easy to machine?
Machine in the isothermally annealed condition (156–207 HB) with coated carbide, 120–180 m/min turning and generous flood coolant; leave 0.15–0.3 mm grinding stock for post-carburizing finishing.
Can 20CrMnTiB be welded?
Only weld with care — preheat 200–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and immediate 550–650 °C stress relief; never weld after carburizing.
Can 20CrMnTiB be formed, bent or molded?
Forge at 1150–1200 °C finishing above 850 °C, then normalize or isothermally anneal; cold forming is limited to light coining or straightening.
20CrMnTiB chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.17 – 0.24 | 0.2 |
| Si | 0.17 – 0.37 | 0.27 |
| Mn | 0.8 – 1.1 | 0.95 |
| Cr | 1 – 1.3 | 1.15 |
| Tialso fixes free N so that boron stays in solution | 0.04 – 0.1 | 0.07 |
| Bhardenability booster; effective only as soluble B | 8×10⁻⁴ – 0 | 0 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.25 | |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 20CrMnTiB?
Grind or hard-turn after case hardening, shot peen tooth roots for fatigue life, and protect with phosphating, black oxide, oil or zinc plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement).
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
How much does 20CrMnTiB cost?
20CrMnTiB is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
20CrMnTiB — frequently asked
What is 20CrMnTiB used for?
20CrMnTiB is typically used for heavy truck gears, gearboxes and differential gears. In short: deep-case boron gear steel; highest hardenability in family; heavy-duty automotive gearing.
What is the yield strength of 20CrMnTiB?
20CrMnTiB has a typical yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 60% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 20CrMnTiB easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (58/100, better than 75% of steel grades). Machine in the isothermally annealed condition (156–207 HB) with coated carbide, 120–180 m/min turning and generous flood coolant; leave 0.15–0.3 mm grinding stock for post-carburizing finishing.
Can 20CrMnTiB be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (35/100). Only weld with care — preheat 200–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and immediate 550–650 °C stress relief; never weld after carburizing.
What surface finishes work on 20CrMnTiB?
Grind or hard-turn after case hardening, shot peen tooth roots for fatigue life, and protect with phosphating, black oxide, oil or zinc plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement).
Can 20CrMnTiB be formed, bent or molded?
Forge at 1150–1200 °C finishing above 850 °C, then normalize or isothermally anneal; cold forming is limited to light coining or straightening.
What is the maximum service temperature of 20CrMnTiB?
20CrMnTiB is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 20CrMnTiB-A and 20CrMnTiB-CH?
A is the default condition — standard supply condition for gear blanks: uniform ferrite–pearlite structure, 156–207 HB, best green machinability before carburizing. CH: the functional service condition for gears: 0.8–2.0 mm effective case at 58–63 HRC over a boron-hardened core of 30–45 HRC. Yield strength is 400 MPa in A versus 1,000 MPa in CH.
How much does 20CrMnTiB cost?
20CrMnTiB is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating (carburizing, boron steels) — ASM International (1991)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.