Stainless Steel XM-32-A (Solution annealed)
Temper · default condition
UNS S64512
Pick for cold heading, machining and forming before a single low-temperature aging step.
Values for the A condition
Other XM-32 tempers and conditions
XM-32 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at XM-32.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADefaultThis page Solution annealed | Pick for cold heading, machining and forming before a single low-temperature aging step. | 745 | 965 | 18 | 30 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
Aged 593 °C (1100 °F) for 4 h | Lowest-strength aged condition; choose when maximum ductility and stress-corrosion resistance dominate. | 930 | 1,035 | 19 | 32 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Cold-drawn wire/bar for cold-heading feedstock and as-drawn parts needing higher yield without aging. | 1,000 | 1,105 | 10 | 35 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
Aged 4 h at 566 °C | Over-aged for maximum toughness and best SCC resistance at ~1100 MPa class strength. | 1,035 | 1,105 | 17 | 35 HRC | — |
Aged 4 h at 538 °C | Balanced strength/toughness condition for structural parts and moderately corrosive service. | 1,100 | 1,170 | 16 | 37 HRC | — |
Aged 4 h at 510 °C | Standard aging for cold-headed fasteners: high strength with better toughness than H900. | 1,140 | 1,210 | 15 | 39 HRC | — |
Aged 482 °C (900 °F) for 1 h, peak hardness | Highest strength/hardness condition for fasteners and shafts where ductility demands are modest. | 1,205 | 1,275 | 14 | 41 HRC | — |
What is XM-32-A?
XM-32-A is XM-32 in the A temper — pick for cold heading, machining and forming before a single low-temperature aging step. XM-32-A has a yield strength of 745 MPa (108 ksi) and a tensile strength of 965 MPa (140 ksi) — stronger than 93% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). XM-32-A has a density of 7.78 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 57% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Advantages
- High strength — 745 MPa (108 ksi), better than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Easy to machine — 45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 18%, worse than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 90 MPa·√m (81.9 ksi·√in), worse than 75% of stainless steel grades
XM-32-A properties
Typical room-temperature values for XM-32-A; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are XM-32 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
XM-32-A has a density of 7.78 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 57% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
XM-32-A has a yield strength of 745 MPa (108 ksi) and a tensile strength of 965 MPa (140 ksi) — stronger than 93% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
XM-32-A is rated for continuous service to 425°C (797 °F). It conducts heat at 18 W/m·K (10.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 73% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.8 µm/m·K (6 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
XM-32-A conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (55/100), worse than 71% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of XM-32-A takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4.8 kg of CO₂ — more than 75% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability8
XM-32-A's machinability is fair (45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (55/100); formability good (60/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with XM-32-A
Is XM-32 easy to machine?
Machine in condition A with rigid setups, sharp carbide, positive rake and 25–45 m/min; expect gummy chips and work hardening, finish-machine before or after aging with allowance for ~0.05 % growth.
Can XM-32 be welded?
Weldable by GTAW/PAW/EBW without preheat using matching or 17-4PH-type filler; re-solution treat and re-age for full joint strength, avoid heavy restraint on aged material.
Can XM-32 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold heading, upsetting and bending are best done in the annealed condition; hot work 1150 → 950 °C, then solution anneal ~1010 °C and air cool before aging.
What surface finishes work on XM-32?
Passivate in citric or nitric acid after machining; takes a bright mechanical or electropolish, and hard chrome/electroless nickel are options — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement in the aged condition.
XM-32 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon for cold formability | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Cr | 14 – 14.5 | 14.3 |
| Ni | 6 – 7 | 6.5 |
| Tiprecipitation hardener (Ni3Ti) | 0.55 – 0.9 | 0.75 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Si | ≤ 0.3 | 0.2 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Febalance; composition per UNS registration of the 14Cr-6.5Ni-Ti PH type — verify against purchase specification | balance | — |
XM-32-A — frequently asked
What is XM-32-A used for?
XM-32-A is typically used for high-strength bolts and studs, aerospace structural fittings, cold-headed screws and rivets, threaded rod and tie bars, machined shafts and pins and valve stems. In short: age-hardening fastener stainless; strength above 410/420; direct 17-4 PH alternative.
What is the yield strength of XM-32-A?
XM-32-A has a typical yield strength of 745 MPa (108 ksi) and a tensile strength of 965 MPa (140 ksi) — stronger than 93% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is XM-32-A easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades). Machine in condition A with rigid setups, sharp carbide, positive rake and 25–45 m/min; expect gummy chips and work hardening, finish-machine before or after aging with allowance for ~0.05 % growth.
Can XM-32-A be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (55/100). Weldable by GTAW/PAW/EBW without preheat using matching or 17-4PH-type filler; re-solution treat and re-age for full joint strength, avoid heavy restraint on aged material.
What surface finishes work on XM-32-A?
Passivate in citric or nitric acid after machining; takes a bright mechanical or electropolish, and hard chrome/electroless nickel are options — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement in the aged condition.
Can XM-32-A be formed, bent or molded?
Cold heading, upsetting and bending are best done in the annealed condition; hot work 1150 → 950 °C, then solution anneal ~1010 °C and air cool before aging.
What is the maximum service temperature of XM-32-A?
XM-32-A is rated for continuous use to about 425°C (797 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between XM-32-A and XM-32-H900?
A is the default condition — pick for cold heading, machining and forming before a single low-temperature aging step. H900: highest strength/hardness condition for fasteners and shafts where ductility demands are modest. Yield strength is 745 MPa in A versus 1,205 MPa in H900.
Sources
- ASTM A564/A564M — Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes — ASTM International (2019)
- ASTM A705/A705M — Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings — ASTM International (2018)
- ASTM A493 — Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rod for Cold Heading and Cold Forging — ASTM International (2021)
- Metals & Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS), S6xxxx series — SAE/ASTM (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (PH stainless section) — ASM International (1990)
- Almar 362 (14Cr-6.5Ni-Ti precipitation-hardening stainless) technical data — Allegheny Ludlum / ATI (1995)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.