Stainless Steel 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB
Heat-treated state
ASTM CF8M
ST+STAB = solution treated then stabilizing anneal 850–900 °C
Choose for welded castings in hot acid or 450–700 °C service where intergranular attack must be suppressed by full Ti-carbide precipitation.
Values for the ST+STAB condition
Other 12Kh18N12M3TL tempers and conditions
12Kh18N12M3TL is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at 12Kh18N12M3TL.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
STDefault Solution annealed | Standard delivery condition for pressure-containing castings: maximum corrosion resistance and ductility. | 245 | 500 | 32 | 170 HB | — |
As fabricated | Only for non-critical, low-corrosion-duty parts; carbides and dendritic segregation remain from casting. | 250 | 470 | 20 | 180 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
ST+STABThis page Solution treated then stabilizing anneal 850–900 °C | Choose for welded castings in hot acid or 450–700 °C service where intergranular attack must be suppressed by full Ti-carbide precipitation. | 250 | 490 | 28 | 175 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
Hot isostatically pressed then solution treated | For fatigue- or leak-critical pump and valve castings where microporosity must be closed. | 255 | 520 | 40 | 170 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
What is 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB?
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB is 12Kh18N12M3TL heat treated to ST+STAB — choose for welded castings in hot acid or 450–700 °C service where intergranular attack must be suppressed by full Ti-carbide precipitation. 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB has a yield strength of 250 MPa (36.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 91% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi). 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). ST is the default condition FabDigit quotes; ST+STAB is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Good corrosion resistance — 74/100, better than 78% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 250 MPa (36.3 ksi), worse than 91% of stainless steel grades
- Limited formability — 18/100, worse than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Hard to polish — 60/100, worse than 80% of stainless steel grades
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB properties
Typical room-temperature values for 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 12Kh18N12M3TL reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB has a yield strength of 250 MPa (36.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 91% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).
Thermal6
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB is rated for continuous service to 650°C (1,202 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB conducts electricity at 2.3 % IACS, better than 55% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (74/100), better than 78% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB takes about 58 MJ of energy and emits 4.6 kg of CO₂ — more than 66% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 65%.
Manufacturability8
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (72/100); formability poor (18/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB
Is 12Kh18N12M3TL easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening like 316 castings — use sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy constant feed, rigid setups and flood coolant; expect ~40 % of AISI 1212 speeds and skin-scale abrasion on the as-cast surface.
Can 12Kh18N12M3TL be welded?
Readily welded with ER316L/ER318 (Ti- or Nb-bearing) filler, no preheat, low interpass temperature; the Ti and residual delta ferrite prevent sensitization and hot cracking, and full solution treatment after major repairs is preferred.
Can 12Kh18N12M3TL be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or investment cast at ~1550–1580 °C with generous risering to counter the wide freezing range and ~2.2 % solidification shrinkage; not a wrought-forming grade.
What surface finishes work on 12Kh18N12M3TL?
Pickle and passivate (nitric or citric) after grinding to restore the passive film; can be electropolished, shot-blasted or mechanically polished, but casting porosity limits mirror finishes — anodizing is not applicable.
12Kh18N12M3TL chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGOST 977-88 maximum | ≤ 0.12 | 0.1 |
| Si | 0.2 – 1 | 0.6 |
| Mnsome sources allow up to 2.0 | 0.2 – 1 | 0.7 |
| Cr | 16 – 19 | 17.5 |
| Ni | 11 – 13 | 12 |
| Mo | 3 – 4 | 3.4 |
| Tistabilizer, typically ≥ 5×C | 0.4 – 0.8 | 0.6 |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Fe | balance | — |
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB — frequently asked
What is 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB used for?
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB is typically used for marine valve castings, chemical process pump housings and high-temperature corrosive service. In short: mo-bearing cast austenitic; stabilized CF8M equivalent; best chloride resistance in family.
What is the yield strength of 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB?
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB has a typical yield strength of 250 MPa (36.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 91% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and work-hardening like 316 castings — use sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy constant feed, rigid setups and flood coolant; expect ~40 % of AISI 1212 speeds and skin-scale abrasion on the as-cast surface.
Can 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (72/100). Readily welded with ER316L/ER318 (Ti- or Nb-bearing) filler, no preheat, low interpass temperature; the Ti and residual delta ferrite prevent sensitization and hot cracking, and full solution treatment after major repairs is preferred.
What surface finishes work on 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB?
Pickle and passivate (nitric or citric) after grinding to restore the passive film; can be electropolished, shot-blasted or mechanically polished, but casting porosity limits mirror finishes — anodizing is not applicable.
Can 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or investment cast at ~1550–1580 °C with generous risering to counter the wide freezing range and ~2.2 % solidification shrinkage; not a wrought-forming grade.
What is the maximum service temperature of 12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB?
12Kh18N12M3TL ST+STAB is rated for continuous use to about 650°C (1,202 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 12Kh18N12M3TL-ST and 12Kh18N12M3TL-F?
ST is the default condition — standard delivery condition for pressure-containing castings: maximum corrosion resistance and ductility. F: only for non-critical, low-corrosion-duty parts; carbides and dendritic segregation remain from casting. Yield strength is 245 MPa in ST versus 250 MPa in F.
Sources
- GOST 977-88 — Steel castings. General specifications — Gosstandart (1988)
- ASTM A351/A351M — Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts (CF8M) — ASTM International (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Steel Castings Handbook — Steel Founders' Society of America / ASM (1995)
- Russian/CIS grade databases for 12Х18Н12М3ТЛ (mechanical and heat-treatment data) — various metallurgical references (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.