Aluminum 7075
AA 7075 · UNS A97075 · EN AlZn5.5MgCu, AlZnMgCu1.5 · JIS A7075, A7075P · GB 7A09, LC9
7075 is the workhorse Al–Zn–Mg–Cu (7000 series) high-strength wrought aluminium alloy, reaching steel-like specific strength in the T6/T651 condition and used for aircraft structure, tooling plate, high-load fixtures and sporting goods.
Values for the T6 condition
7075 tempers and conditions
7075 is supplied in 13 conditions, soft to hard. T6 is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 13 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition for deep forming, severe bending or cold heading; must be solution treated and aged afterwards to develop strength. | 103 | 228 | 17 | 60 HB | 45 % IACS |
Overaged (T73-type) + stress relieved by compression | T73-type overaged forgings compressively stress-relieved for low residual stress, high SCC immunity and good short-transverse toughness. | 395 | 470 | 10 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and overaged (stabilized) | Generic overaged 7075 condition that trades some peak strength for markedly better stress-corrosion-cracking resistance and dimensional stability. | 400 | 475 | 12 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
Overaged, stress relieved by compression | Forging temper giving low residual stress plus SCC resistance for large machined forgings. | 420 | 495 | 10 | 132 HB | 40 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and overaged for stress-corrosion resistance | Choose when stress-corrosion cracking resistance in the short-transverse direction is critical; ~12 % lower strength than T6. | 435 | 505 | 13 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
T73, stress relieved by stretching | Standard SCC-resistant thick-plate temper for machined aerospace bulkheads and ribs. | 435 | 505 | 12 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
T6, stress relieved by compression | Peak-aged 7075 hand/die forgings and blocks given a controlled compressive set to relieve quench stresses, giving near-T6 strength with reduced machining distortion. | 440 | 510 | 8 | 150 HB | 33 % IACS |
T76, stress relieved by stretching | Plate temper balancing near-T6 strength, low residual stress and good exfoliation resistance for machined skins and spars. | 469 | 538 | 11 | 145 HB | 38 % IACS |
Overaged for exfoliation-corrosion resistance | Intermediate overage: better exfoliation resistance than T6 while keeping most of its strength (less SCC-resistant than T73). | 469 | 538 | 11 | 145 HB | 38 % IACS |
T6, heat treated by the user | Same properties as T6 but the heat treatment was performed after forming/machining rather than at the mill. | 495 | 565 | 9 | 148 HB | 33 % IACS |
T6Default Solution heat treated and artificially aged | Peak-strength condition for extrusions, bar and forgings where maximum static strength matters and SCC exposure is controlled. | 503 | 572 | 11 | 150 HB | 33 % IACS |
T6, stress relieved by stretching | Standard stocked plate temper: peak strength with low residual stress, so machined parts stay flat. | 503 | 572 | 11 | 150 HB | 33 % IACS |
T6, stress relieved by stretching, minor straightening | Low-residual-stress extruded bar/profile for machined aerospace fittings. | 510 | 580 | 9 | 152 HB | 33 % IACS |
What is 7075?
7075 is the workhorse Al–Zn–Mg–Cu (7000 series) high-strength wrought aluminium alloy, reaching steel-like specific strength in the T6/T651 condition and used for aircraft structure, tooling plate, high-load fixtures and sporting goods. It machines cleanly and takes hard anodising, but it is not practically fusion-weldable, has poor cold formability in the aged tempers, and is susceptible to stress-corrosion cracking and exfoliation in T6 — the reason overaged T73/T76 tempers exist at ~10 % lower strength. 7075 has a density of 2.81 g/cm³ (0.102 lb/in³), heavier than 86% of aluminum grades. It melts at 477°C (891 °F). 7075 has a yield strength of 503 MPa (73 ksi) and a tensile strength of 572 MPa (83 ksi) — stronger than 96% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 71.7 GPa (10.4 Msi).
What is 7075 used for?
- Aerospace components
- Defense equipment
- Gears
Advantages
- High strength — 503 MPa (73 ksi), better than 96% of aluminum grades
- Easy to machine — 78/100, better than 89% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 18/100, worse than 94% of aluminum grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 35/100, worse than 85% of aluminum grades
- Limited service temperature — 120°C (248 °F), worse than 79% of aluminum grades
7075 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 7075-T6; bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
7075 has a density of 2.81 g/cm³ (0.102 lb/in³), heavier than 86% of aluminum grades. It melts at 477°C (891 °F).
Mechanical16
7075 has a yield strength of 503 MPa (73 ksi) and a tensile strength of 572 MPa (83 ksi) — stronger than 96% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 71.7 GPa (10.4 Msi).
Thermal6
7075 is rated for continuous service to 120°C (248 °F). It conducts heat at 130 W/m·K (75.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 65% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.6 µm/m·K (13.1 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
7075 conducts electricity at 33 % IACS, worse than 57% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (35/100), worse than 85% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 7075 takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 15%.
Manufacturability7
7075's machinability is very good (78/100, better than 89% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (18/100); formability poor (25/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the aluminum family
Yield strength against density for every aluminum grade FabDigit runs. 7075 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 7075
Is 7075 easy to machine?
Excellent chip control in T6/T651 — run high SFM with sharp polished-flute carbide, 2–3 flutes, generous coolant; leave symmetric stock and rough/finish in passes on T6 plate to avoid distortion (T651/T7351 are preferred for heavy metal removal).
Can 7075 be welded?
Not recommended for arc fusion welding (severe hot cracking and HAZ SCC); join by mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding, or friction-stir welding, and use 7000-series-compatible fillers only for repair of non-critical parts.
Can 7075 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated (W) condition then age; T6/T651 tolerates only large-radius bends (≥4–6 t) and cracks readily in tight cold forms.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit's quote engine applies to 7075. Design inside these and the part quotes instantly; outside them it routes to an engineer.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Excellent78 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | N.2 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 280 / 340 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.8 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 6× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 0.8 / 0.4 µm |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Not Recommend25 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Not Recommend18 / 100 |
7075 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Znprincipal strengthening addition | 5.1 – 6.1 | 5.6 |
| Mg | 2.1 – 2.9 | 2.5 |
| Curaises strength, lowers corrosion resistance | 1.2 – 2 | 1.6 |
| Crgrain-structure control; SCC resistance | 0.18 – 0.28 | 0.23 |
| Feimpurity max | ≤ 0.5 | 0.25 |
| Siimpurity max | ≤ 0.4 | 0.15 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.3 | 0.05 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.2 | 0.03 |
| Others (each) | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Others (total) | ≤ 0.15 | |
| Al | balance |
What surface finishes work on 7075?
Takes Type II and Type III hard anodising well (grey/bronze tone, up to ~50 µm); chromate/trivalent conversion coating plus epoxy primer is standard for corrosion protection; shot peening improves fatigue and SCC life.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on aluminum parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Conversion Coating
PVD Coating
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Aluminum 7075 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
How much does 7075 cost?
7075 is a premium-cost aluminum ($$$), cheaper than about 58% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
7075 — frequently asked
What is 7075 used for?
7075 is typically used for aerospace components, defense equipment and gears. In short: ultimate strength; aerospace favorite.
What is the yield strength of 7075?
7075 has a typical yield strength of 503 MPa (73 ksi) and a tensile strength of 572 MPa (83 ksi) — stronger than 96% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 13 listed tempers.
Is 7075 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (78/100, better than 89% of aluminum grades). Excellent chip control in T6/T651 — run high SFM with sharp polished-flute carbide, 2–3 flutes, generous coolant; leave symmetric stock and rough/finish in passes on T6 plate to avoid distortion (T651/T7351 are preferred for heavy metal removal).
Can 7075 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (18/100). Not recommended for arc fusion welding (severe hot cracking and HAZ SCC); join by mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding, or friction-stir welding, and use 7000-series-compatible fillers only for repair of non-critical parts.
What surface finishes work on 7075?
Takes Type II and Type III hard anodising well (grey/bronze tone, up to ~50 µm); chromate/trivalent conversion coating plus epoxy primer is standard for corrosion protection; shot peening improves fatigue and SCC life.
Can 7075 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated (W) condition then age; T6/T651 tolerates only large-radius bends (≥4–6 t) and cracks readily in tight cold forms.
What is the maximum service temperature of 7075?
7075 is rated for continuous use to about 120°C (248 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 7075-T6 and 7075-O?
T6 is the default condition — peak-strength condition for extrusions, bar and forgings where maximum static strength matters and SCC exposure is controlled. O: softest condition for deep forming, severe bending or cold heading; must be solution treated and aged afterwards to develop strength. Yield strength is 503 MPa in T6 versus 103 MPa in O.
How much does 7075 cost?
7075 is a premium-cost aluminum ($$$), cheaper than about 58% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in 7075?
Yes — 7075 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- Aluminum Standards and Data / Teal Sheets (Registration Record of Alloys) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASTM B209 / B211 / B221 — aluminium sheet, plate, bar and extrusions — ASTM International (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- MMPDS-17 Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization — Battelle/FAA (2022)
- 7075 plate and extrusion datasheets — Kaiser Aluminum / Constellium (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.