Stainless Steel 1.4477-AW (As-welded deposit)
Heat-treated state
EN 1.4477 · UNS S32906 · also Safurex
Property level to assume for weldments made with controlled heat input when solution annealing after welding is not possible.
Values for the AW condition
Other 1.4477 tempers and conditions
1.4477 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4477.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AWThis page As-welded deposit | Property level to assume for weldments made with controlled heat input when solution annealing after welding is not possible. | 660 | 850 | 22 | 29 HRC | 2 % IACS |
HR+ADefault Hot Rolled + Solution Annealed and Quenched | Standard supply condition for plate and hot-finished products used in urea strippers, reactors and pressure vessels. | 700 | 880 | 30 | 27 HRC | — |
Cold Rolled + Solution Annealed, pickled | Choose for thin sheet, strip and lining plate where a smooth 2B surface and tight thickness tolerance are needed. | 720 | 900 | 30 | 28 HRC | — |
Cold drawn | Higher-strength small-diameter bar and wire for fasteners and springs; lower ductility and reduced SCC margin vs annealed. | 830 | 980 | 20 | 32 HRC | 2 % IACS |
What is 1.4477-AW?
1.4477-AW is 1.4477 heat treated to AW — property level to assume for weldments made with controlled heat input when solution annealing after welding is not possible. 1.4477-AW has a yield strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 850 MPa (123 ksi) — stronger than 91% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 1.4477-AW has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), heavier than 50% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,350°C (2,462 °F). HR+A is the default condition FabDigit quotes; AW is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 660 MPa (95.7 ksi), better than 91% of stainless steel grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 82/100, better than 90% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 280°C (536 °F), worse than 96% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 23/100, worse than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 2 % IACS, worse than 77% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 22%, worse than 75% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 90 MPa·√m (81.9 ksi·√in), worse than 75% of stainless steel grades
1.4477-AW properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4477-AW; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4477 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4477-AW has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), heavier than 50% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,350°C (2,462 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4477-AW has a yield strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 850 MPa (123 ksi) — stronger than 91% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4477-AW is rated for continuous service to 280°C (536 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.5 µm/m·K (6.94 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4477-AW conducts electricity at 2 % IACS, worse than 77% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (82/100), better than 90% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4477-AW takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4.6 kg of CO₂ — more than 75% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability7
1.4477-AW's machinability is poor (23/100, worse than 93% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (65/100); formability poor (30/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4477-AW
Is 1.4477 easy to machine?
Tough and work-hardening — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy constant feed, low-to-moderate speed and flood coolant; expect roughly one fifth of the removal rate of 1212 steel.
Can 1.4477 be welded?
Weldable by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching or over-alloyed super-duplex filler and nitrogen-bearing shielding; keep heat input ~0.5–1.5 kJ/mm and interpass <100 °C to hold 45–55 % ferrite and avoid intermetallics, and solution anneal + quench where the code allows.
Can 1.4477 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming needs about twice the force and generous springback allowance versus 304; hot form at 1000–1150 °C followed by full solution anneal at ~1080 °C and rapid water quench.
What surface finishes work on 1.4477?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF or bead-blast plus passivate after hot work; electropolishing is common for urea-service surfaces — no anodizing.
1.4477 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon to avoid carbide precipitation | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Si | ≤ 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.8 – 1.5 | 1.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Susually held ≤0.005 for hot workability | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 28 – 30 | 29 |
| Ni | 5.8 – 7.5 | 6.6 |
| Mo | 1.5 – 2.6 | 2.1 |
| Naustenite stabiliser, raises PREN | 0.3 – 0.4 | 0.35 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.8 | 0.3 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4477-AW — frequently asked
What is 1.4477-AW used for?
1.4477-AW is typically used for urea reactor components, fertilizer plant equipment and high-pressure vessels. In short: urea-service super duplex; highest yield in family; hardest duplex to machine.
What is the yield strength of 1.4477-AW?
1.4477-AW has a typical yield strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 850 MPa (123 ksi) — stronger than 91% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is 1.4477-AW easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (23/100, worse than 93% of stainless steel grades). Tough and work-hardening — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy constant feed, low-to-moderate speed and flood coolant; expect roughly one fifth of the removal rate of 1212 steel.
Can 1.4477-AW be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (65/100). Weldable by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching or over-alloyed super-duplex filler and nitrogen-bearing shielding; keep heat input ~0.5–1.5 kJ/mm and interpass <100 °C to hold 45–55 % ferrite and avoid intermetallics, and solution anneal + quench where the code allows.
What surface finishes work on 1.4477-AW?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF or bead-blast plus passivate after hot work; electropolishing is common for urea-service surfaces — no anodizing.
Can 1.4477-AW be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming needs about twice the force and generous springback allowance versus 304; hot form at 1000–1150 °C followed by full solution anneal at ~1080 °C and rapid water quench.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4477-AW?
1.4477-AW is rated for continuous use to about 280°C (536 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4477 HR+A and 1.4477-CD?
HR+A is the default condition — standard supply condition for plate and hot-finished products used in urea strippers, reactors and pressure vessels. CD: higher-strength small-diameter bar and wire for fasteners and springs; lower ductility and reduced SCC margin vs annealed. Yield strength is 700 MPa in HR+A versus 830 MPa in CD.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip (UNS S32906) — ASTM International (2023)
- EN 10088-2/-3 — Stainless steels, technical delivery conditions (1.4477) — CEN (2014)
- Sandvik SAF 2906 / Safurex duplex stainless steel datasheet — Alleima (formerly Sandvik Materials Technology) (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels — International Molybdenum Association (IMOA) (2014)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.