Aluminum 2065-T39
Temper
AA 2065 · UNS A92065
T39 = solution heat treated and cold worked to a controlled high level
Heavily cold-worked pre-age condition used to raise strength of the subsequent T8 temper in thin plate.
Values for the T39 condition
Other 2065 tempers and conditions
2065 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at 2065.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition, supplied only for forming or intermediate processing before re-solution treatment. | 140 | 250 | 18 | 70 HB | 38 % IACS |
Solution heat treated, cold worked and naturally aged | Naturally aged sheet/thin plate condition with high toughness and residual formability before final artificial ageing. | 300 | 430 | 15 | 115 HB | 28 % IACS |
T3, stress relieved by stretching | Low-residual-stress plate for rough machining of large parts prior to artificial ageing to T8. | 305 | 435 | 15 | 118 HB | 28 % IACS |
T39This page Solution heat treated and cold worked to a controlled high level | Heavily cold-worked pre-age condition used to raise strength of the subsequent T8 temper in thin plate. | 380 | 470 | 11 | 132 HB | 28 % IACS |
Solution heat treated, cold worked and artificially aged | Lower-wing-skin condition balancing tensile strength with high toughness and slow fatigue crack growth. | 445 | 495 | 10 | 143 HB | 30 % IACS |
T851Default T8, stress relieved by stretching | Standard stocked plate temper: low residual stress for machining plus peak-aged strength and good exfoliation resistance. | 460 | 505 | 9 | 145 HB | 31 % IACS |
Solution heat treated, cold worked and artificially aged | Generic peak/near-peak aged condition; use where the specific stress-relief route is not called out. | 470 | 510 | 8 | 148 HB | 31 % IACS |
What is 2065-T39?
2065-T39 is 2065 in the T39 temper — heavily cold-worked pre-age condition used to raise strength of the subsequent T8 temper in thin plate. 2065-T39 has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — stronger than 86% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 78 GPa (11.3 Msi). 2065-T39 has a density of 2.7 g/cm³ (0.0975 lb/in³), lighter than 59% of aluminum grades. It melts at 535°C (995 °F). T851 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; T39 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 45 MPa·√m (41 ksi·√in), better than 100% of aluminum grades
- High strength — 380 MPa (55.1 ksi), better than 86% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Poor heat conductor — 90 W/m·K (52 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 99% of aluminum grades
- Limited service temperature — 100°C (212 °F), worse than 91% of aluminum grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 28 % IACS, worse than 82% of aluminum grades
- Difficult to weld — 25/100, worse than 76% of aluminum grades
2065-T39 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 2065-T39; 20 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 2065 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
2065-T39 has a density of 2.7 g/cm³ (0.0975 lb/in³), lighter than 59% of aluminum grades. It melts at 535°C (995 °F).
Mechanical13
2065-T39 has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — stronger than 86% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 78 GPa (11.3 Msi).
Thermal6
2065-T39 is rated for continuous service to 100°C (212 °F). It conducts heat at 90 W/m·K (52 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 99% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 22.6 µm/m·K (12.6 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
2065-T39 conducts electricity at 28 % IACS, worse than 82% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (42/100), worse than 69% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 2065-T39 takes about 215 MJ of energy and emits 13.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 93% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 8%.
Manufacturability7
2065-T39's machinability is good (58/100, worse than 54% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability poor (30/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 2065-T39
Is 2065 easy to machine?
Machines like a hard 2000 series: sharp polished carbide, high speed, generous coolant and full stress-relieved (T×51) stock to control distortion in thin-web wing panels.
Can 2065 be welded?
Not suited to fusion welding (hot cracking, Li burn-off); join by friction stir welding, laser-FSW hybrid or riveting/bolting.
Can 2065 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O/T3/T351 before final ageing; T8 plate has limited cold formability and is normally machined or age-formed to contour.
What surface finishes work on 2065?
Alkaline-etch/deoxidize then tartaric-sulfuric or chromic anodize plus chromate-free primer; keep bare Al-Li electrically isolated from carbon-fibre and steel fasteners.
2065 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cuprincipal strengthening addition | 3.1 – 4.2 | 3.7 |
| Lidensity reduction, modulus increase | 0.6 – 1.1 | 0.9 |
| Mg | 0.2 – 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Agpromotes T1 precipitation in T8 tempers | 0.1 – 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.1 – 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Zrgrain-structure control | 0.05 – 0.15 | 0.1 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.5 | — |
| Ti | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Fekept low for toughness | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Sikept low for toughness | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Others (each) | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Others (total) | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Al | balance | — |
2065-T39 — frequently asked
What is 2065-T39 used for?
2065-T39 is typically used for lower wing skin plate, machined wing panels with integral stiffeners, aerospace structural plate, fuselage frames machined from plate, riveted airframe primary structure and friction-stir-welded panel assemblies. In short: high-compression Al-Li plate; better corrosion than 2090; wing-skin plate grade.
What is the yield strength of 2065-T39?
2065-T39 has a typical yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — stronger than 86% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is 2065-T39 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (58/100, worse than 54% of aluminum grades). Machines like a hard 2000 series: sharp polished carbide, high speed, generous coolant and full stress-relieved (T×51) stock to control distortion in thin-web wing panels.
Can 2065-T39 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Not suited to fusion welding (hot cracking, Li burn-off); join by friction stir welding, laser-FSW hybrid or riveting/bolting.
What surface finishes work on 2065-T39?
Alkaline-etch/deoxidize then tartaric-sulfuric or chromic anodize plus chromate-free primer; keep bare Al-Li electrically isolated from carbon-fibre and steel fasteners.
Can 2065-T39 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O/T3/T351 before final ageing; T8 plate has limited cold formability and is normally machined or age-formed to contour.
What is the maximum service temperature of 2065-T39?
2065-T39 is rated for continuous use to about 100°C (212 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 2065-T851 and 2065-O?
T851 is the default condition — standard stocked plate temper: low residual stress for machining plus peak-aged strength and good exfoliation resistance. O: softest condition, supplied only for forming or intermediate processing before re-solution treatment. Yield strength is 460 MPa in T851 versus 140 MPa in O.
Sources
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- AIRWARE Al-Cu-Li plate product information — Constellium (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- MMPDS-18 Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization — Battelle/FAA (2023)
- AMS 4472 / ASTM B209 aluminium plate practices (analogous Al-Li products) — SAE / ASTM (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.