Aluminum 1435-H14
Temper
AA 1435 · UNS A91435
H14 = strain hardened, half hard
The usual compromise temper for conductor strip, busbar and general sheet needing some stiffness with moderate bending.
Values for the H14 condition
Other 1435 tempers and conditions
1435 is listed in 10 conditions; see the grade overview at 1435.
Compare all 10 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ODefault Annealed | Pick for maximum ductility and conductivity: deep-drawn parts, foil stock, flexible conductors and busbar that will be bent. | 30 | 80 | 38 | 20 HB | 61.8 % IACS |
As fabricated | Mill-supplied continuous-cast conductor rod or hot-rolled coil for further drawing; properties not guaranteed. | 40 | 85 | 25 | 22 HB | 61.5 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, quarter hard | Stabilised soft-hard strip: like H12 strength but with better ductility and flatness after partial anneal. | 65 | 90 | 16 | 24 HB | 61.5 % IACS |
Strain hardened, quarter hard | Light cold work for slightly stiffer strip/rod that still bends and forms easily. | 75 | 90 | 12 | 25 HB | 61.5 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, half hard | Half-hard strip/foil with recovered ductility — common for foil, fin stock and formed conductor parts. | 80 | 100 | 12 | 27 HB | 61 % IACS |
H14This page Strain hardened, half hard | The usual compromise temper for conductor strip, busbar and general sheet needing some stiffness with moderate bending. | 90 | 100 | 9 | 28 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, three-quarter hard | Use where H16 strength is wanted but a little more bend ductility is needed. | 95 | 115 | 8 | 31 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened, three-quarter hard | Choose when higher strip stiffness/spring-back is needed and only gentle forming is required. | 100 | 115 | 6 | 32 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened, full hard | Maximum cold-worked strength for hard-drawn wire, hard strip and thin foil where forming is minimal. | 115 | 130 | 5 | 35 HB | 60.5 % IACS |
Strain hardened, extra hard | Heavily drawn wire/rod temper for overhead conductor and stranded cable where tensile strength governs. | 145 | 165 | 2.5 | 40 HB | 61 % IACS |
What is 1435-H14?
1435-H14 is 1435 in the H14 temper — the usual compromise temper for conductor strip, busbar and general sheet needing some stiffness with moderate bending. 1435-H14 has a yield strength of 90 MPa (13.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 100 MPa (14.5 ksi) — weaker than 87% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi). 1435-H14 has a density of 2.71 g/cm³ (0.0979 lb/in³), heavier than 51% of aluminum grades. It melts at 646°C (1,195 °F). O is the default condition FabDigit quotes; H14 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 231 W/m·K (133.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 97% of aluminum grades
- High electrical conductivity — 61 % IACS, better than 96% of aluminum grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 80/100, better than 93% of aluminum grades
- Readily welded — 90/100, better than 90% of aluminum grades
- Forms and bends easily — 80/100, better than 89% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Difficult to machine — 30/100, worse than 92% of aluminum grades
- Low strength — 90 MPa (13.1 ksi), worse than 87% of aluminum grades
1435-H14 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1435-H14; 14 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1435 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
1435-H14 has a density of 2.71 g/cm³ (0.0979 lb/in³), heavier than 51% of aluminum grades. It melts at 646°C (1,195 °F).
Mechanical10
1435-H14 has a yield strength of 90 MPa (13.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 100 MPa (14.5 ksi) — weaker than 87% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi).
Thermal6
1435-H14 is rated for continuous service to 150°C (302 °F). It conducts heat at 231 W/m·K (133.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 97% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.6 µm/m·K (13.1 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1435-H14 conducts electricity at 61 % IACS, better than 96% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (63/100), better than 69% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1435-H14 takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 15%.
Manufacturability7
1435-H14's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 92% of aluminum grades); weldability excellent (90/100); formability very good (80/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1435-H14
Is 1435 easy to machine?
Very soft and gummy — use polished high-rake carbide, high speed, generous cutting fluid and avoid re-cutting chips; H18 machines noticeably cleaner than O.
Can 1435 be welded?
Excellent with GTAW/GMAW/resistance welding using 1100 or 1188 filler; the weld and HAZ revert to O-temper strength and joint conductivity stays near base metal.
Can 1435 be formed, bent or molded?
Outstanding cold formability in O/H22 — deep drawing, roll forming, tight bends and foil rolling; in H16/H18 allow generous bend radii or an interstage anneal (330–400 °C).
What surface finishes work on 1435?
Takes bright/clear anodize and chemical brightening beautifully; also readily painted after conversion coating, but leave conductor contact faces unanodized (oxide is insulating).
1435 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Siimpurity limit | ≤ 0.15 | 0.08 |
| Fecontrolled Fe range distinguishes 1435 from 1350 | 0.25 – 0.5 | 0.38 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Mg | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.1 | 0.02 |
| Tigrain refiner residual | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Others (each)0.10 total | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Al99.35 % min per the '35' in the designation | ≥ 99.35 (balance) | — |
1435-H14 — frequently asked
What is 1435-H14 used for?
1435-H14 is typically used for electrical conductor wire, conductor rod stock for cable, stranded cable conductors, drawn strip and foil for conductor use, flexible annealed conductor wire and roll-formed and drawn conductor components. In short: conductor-grade pure aluminum; 61.8% IACS conductivity; excellent weldability, no strength.
What is the yield strength of 1435-H14?
1435-H14 has a typical yield strength of 90 MPa (13.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 100 MPa (14.5 ksi) — weaker than 87% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.
Is 1435-H14 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 92% of aluminum grades). Very soft and gummy — use polished high-rake carbide, high speed, generous cutting fluid and avoid re-cutting chips; H18 machines noticeably cleaner than O.
Can 1435-H14 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (90/100). Excellent with GTAW/GMAW/resistance welding using 1100 or 1188 filler; the weld and HAZ revert to O-temper strength and joint conductivity stays near base metal.
What surface finishes work on 1435-H14?
Takes bright/clear anodize and chemical brightening beautifully; also readily painted after conversion coating, but leave conductor contact faces unanodized (oxide is insulating).
Can 1435-H14 be formed, bent or molded?
Outstanding cold formability in O/H22 — deep drawing, roll forming, tight bends and foil rolling; in H16/H18 allow generous bend radii or an interstage anneal (330–400 °C).
What is the maximum service temperature of 1435-H14?
1435-H14 is rated for continuous use to about 150°C (302 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1435-O and 1435-H19?
O is the default condition — pick for maximum ductility and conductivity: deep-drawn parts, foil stock, flexible conductors and busbar that will be bent. H19: heavily drawn wire/rod temper for overhead conductor and stranded cable where tensile strength governs. Yield strength is 30 MPa in O versus 145 MPa in H19.
Sources
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials — ASM International (1990)
- ASTM B233 / B609 — Aluminum 1350 Drawn or Rolled Rod and Round Wire for Electrical Purposes — ASTM (2018)
- Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy — ASM International (1984)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.