Titanium ZTC4-HIP (Hot isostatic pressed)
Print state
UNS R56406
Pick when internal gas/shrink porosity must be closed for fatigue-critical or aerospace/medical castings.
Values for the HIP condition
Other ZTC4 tempers and conditions
ZTC4 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at ZTC4.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
As fabricated | Cheapest condition for non-critical corrosion or general engineering castings where GB/T 6614 minimum properties suffice. | 820 | 890 | 6 | 34 HRC | — |
AnnealedDefault vacuum stress-relief/anneal ~700–800 °C, chemically milled | Standard commercial delivery condition for ZTC4 castings: residual stresses removed, alpha-case chem-milled, balanced strength/ductility. | 840 | 910 | 8 | 35 HRC | — |
HIP + Annealed | Aerospace/medical standard route: porosity closed and structure/stresses stabilised for best fatigue and toughness consistency. | 850 | 925 | 12 | 34 HRC | — |
HIPThis page Hot isostatic pressed | Pick when internal gas/shrink porosity must be closed for fatigue-critical or aerospace/medical castings. | 855 | 930 | 11 | 35 HRC | — |
Solution treated and aged | Choose for maximum strength/hardness in thinner cast sections, accepting reduced ductility and toughness. | 930 | 1,020 | 6 | 38 HRC | — |
What is ZTC4-HIP?
ZTC4-HIP is ZTC4 in the HIP condition — pick when internal gas/shrink porosity must be closed for fatigue-critical or aerospace/medical castings. ZTC4-HIP has a yield strength of 855 MPa (124 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi). ZTC4-HIP has a density of 4.43 g/cm³ (0.16 lb/in³), lighter than 89% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,604°C (2,919 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HIP is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 82 MPa·√m (74.6 ksi·√in), better than 88% of titanium grades
Limitations
- Limited formability — 10/100, worse than 99% of titanium grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 1 % IACS, worse than 89% of titanium grades
- Limited ductility — 11%, worse than 87% of titanium grades
ZTC4-HIP properties
Typical room-temperature values for ZTC4-HIP; 12 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are ZTC4 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
ZTC4-HIP has a density of 4.43 g/cm³ (0.16 lb/in³), lighter than 89% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,604°C (2,919 °F).
Mechanical16
ZTC4-HIP has a yield strength of 855 MPa (124 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi).
Thermal6
ZTC4-HIP is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 7 W/m·K (4.04 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 76% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.8 µm/m·K (4.89 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
ZTC4-HIP conducts electricity at 1 % IACS, worse than 89% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (88/100), worse than 77% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of ZTC4-HIP takes about 700 MJ of energy and emits 45 kg of CO₂ — more than 74% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
ZTC4-HIP's machinability is poor (18/100, worse than 83% of titanium grades); weldability very good (75/100); formability not recommended (10/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with ZTC4-HIP
Is ZTC4 easy to machine?
Machine like wrought Ti-6Al-4V but remove the hard alpha-case/reaction layer first (chem-mill) — low surface speed (~25–45 m/min carbide), heavy positive-rake sharp tools, high-pressure flood coolant, never dwell in cut.
Can ZTC4 be welded?
GTAW/EBW/plasma weld repair with ERTi-5 filler is routine and standard for castings, but must be done in high-purity argon chambers or vacuum with clean, hydride-free surfaces followed by stress-relief anneal.
Can ZTC4 be formed, bent or molded?
Vacuum-arc-melted metal poured into ceramic-shell investment or rammed-graphite moulds; needs ~1.5–2 % pattern shrink allowance, generous fillets, and HIP for porosity-sensitive parts.
What surface finishes work on ZTC4?
Grit-blast plus HF/HNO3 chemical milling to strip alpha-case; then optional Type II anodise (AMS 2488) for galling resistance, passivation, or mechanical/electro-polish; avoid Cd/Cl-bearing marking and cleaning agents.
ZTC4 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Alalpha stabiliser | 5.5 – 6.75 | 6.1 |
| Vbeta stabiliser | 3.5 – 4.5 | 4 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.3 | 0.12 |
| Si | ≤ 0.15 | 0.05 |
| C | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| N | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| H | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Ohigher than wrought TC4; controls strength/ductility | ≤ 0.2 | 0.14 |
| Other, each | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Other, total | ≤ 0.4 | — |
| Ti | balance | — |
ZTC4-HIP — frequently asked
What is ZTC4-HIP used for?
ZTC4-HIP is typically used for aerospace structural castings, pump/valve bodies, impellers and biomedical implant castings. In short: workhorse cast Ti-6Al-4V; high strength, low machinability; wide foundry availability.
What is the yield strength of ZTC4-HIP?
ZTC4-HIP has a typical yield strength of 855 MPa (124 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 68% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is ZTC4-HIP easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (18/100, worse than 83% of titanium grades). Machine like wrought Ti-6Al-4V but remove the hard alpha-case/reaction layer first (chem-mill) — low surface speed (~25–45 m/min carbide), heavy positive-rake sharp tools, high-pressure flood coolant, never dwell in cut.
Can ZTC4-HIP be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (75/100). GTAW/EBW/plasma weld repair with ERTi-5 filler is routine and standard for castings, but must be done in high-purity argon chambers or vacuum with clean, hydride-free surfaces followed by stress-relief anneal.
What surface finishes work on ZTC4-HIP?
Grit-blast plus HF/HNO3 chemical milling to strip alpha-case; then optional Type II anodise (AMS 2488) for galling resistance, passivation, or mechanical/electro-polish; avoid Cd/Cl-bearing marking and cleaning agents.
Can ZTC4-HIP be formed, bent or molded?
Vacuum-arc-melted metal poured into ceramic-shell investment or rammed-graphite moulds; needs ~1.5–2 % pattern shrink allowance, generous fillets, and HIP for porosity-sensitive parts.
What is the maximum service temperature of ZTC4-HIP?
ZTC4-HIP is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between ZTC4 Annealed and ZTC4-STA?
Annealed is the default condition — standard commercial delivery condition for ZTC4 castings: residual stresses removed, alpha-case chem-milled, balanced strength/ductility. STA: choose for maximum strength/hardness in thinner cast sections, accepting reduced ductility and toughness. Yield strength is 840 MPa in Annealed versus 930 MPa in STA.
Sources
- ASTM B367 Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Castings (Grade C-5 / R56406) — ASTM International (2022)
- ASM Specialty Handbook: Titanium and Titanium Alloys — ASM International (1994)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials (titanium) — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.