Steel SPFC590-Y
Hardness band
Y = low yield-ratio dual-phase type
Choose when maximum stretch/deep-draw formability and high bake-hardening are needed at the same 590 MPa tensile class.
Values for the Y condition
Other SPFC590 tempers and conditions
SPFC590 is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at SPFC590.
- Y
- CR
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YThis page Low yield-ratio dual-phase type | Choose when maximum stretch/deep-draw formability and high bake-hardening are needed at the same 590 MPa tensile class. | 355 | 620 | 29 | 180 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
CRDefault Cold rolled | Standard uncoated SPFC590/DP590 cold-rolled coil or sheet for painted or e-coated structural stampings. | 380 | 630 | 27 | 10 HRC | 9.5 % IACS |
What is SPFC590-Y?
SPFC590-Y is SPFC590 heat treated to Y — choose when maximum stretch/deep-draw formability and high bake-hardening are needed at the same 590 MPa tensile class. SPFC590-Y has a yield strength of 355 MPa (51.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 73% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 29% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). SPFC590-Y has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F). CR is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Y is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 29%, better than 91% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 63/100, better than 79% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 76/100, better than 77% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 9.5 % IACS, better than 75% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 78% of steel grades
SPFC590-Y properties
Typical room-temperature values for SPFC590-Y; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are SPFC590 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
SPFC590-Y has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F).
Mechanical17
SPFC590-Y has a yield strength of 355 MPa (51.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 73% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 29% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
SPFC590-Y is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 46 W/m·K (26.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
SPFC590-Y conducts electricity at 9.5 % IACS, better than 75% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of SPFC590-Y takes about 31 MJ of energy and emits 2.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 64% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability6
SPFC590-Y's machinability is fair (46/100, worse than 59% of steel grades); weldability very good (76/100); formability good (63/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with SPFC590-Y
Is SPFC590 easy to machine?
Rarely machined; drilling/trimming needs sharp carbide and rigid clamping — work hardens quickly and burrs on sheared edges.
Can SPFC590 be welded?
Excellent RSW with adapted schedules (CE ≈ 0.30–0.38); avoid excessive heat input in laser/MAG welds to limit HAZ softening of the martensite.
Can SPFC590 be formed, bent or molded?
Press form with 15–25 % higher tonnage than mild steel, generous die radii and springback compensation; smooth, burr-free trim edges are essential to avoid edge cracking.
What surface finishes work on SPFC590?
Phosphate + cathodic e-coat for bare sheet; GA/GI/EG coatings take paint well — no anodizing, and zinc coatings must be considered in weld and adhesive bonding schedules.
SPFC590 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CDP mill practice; JIS G 3135 sets an upper limit only | ≤ 0.15 | 0.09 |
| Si | ≤ 1.2 | 0.35 |
| Mn | ≤ 2.2 | 1.6 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Alacid-soluble Al, killed steel | 0.02 – 0.1 | 0.04 |
| Cr+Mohardenability additions, mill option | ≤ 1 | 0.25 |
| Nb+Timicroalloying, mill option | ≤ 0.15 | 0.03 |
| Boptional | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
SPFC590-Y — frequently asked
What is SPFC590-Y used for?
SPFC590-Y is typically used for body panels, reinforcements and brackets. In short: most formable DP grade; 27 % elongation dual-phase; best-welding AHSS entry.
What is the yield strength of SPFC590-Y?
SPFC590-Y has a typical yield strength of 355 MPa (51.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 73% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is SPFC590-Y easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (46/100, worse than 59% of steel grades). Rarely machined; drilling/trimming needs sharp carbide and rigid clamping — work hardens quickly and burrs on sheared edges.
Can SPFC590-Y be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (76/100). Excellent RSW with adapted schedules (CE ≈ 0.30–0.38); avoid excessive heat input in laser/MAG welds to limit HAZ softening of the martensite.
What surface finishes work on SPFC590-Y?
Phosphate + cathodic e-coat for bare sheet; GA/GI/EG coatings take paint well — no anodizing, and zinc coatings must be considered in weld and adhesive bonding schedules.
Can SPFC590-Y be formed, bent or molded?
Press form with 15–25 % higher tonnage than mild steel, generous die radii and springback compensation; smooth, burr-free trim edges are essential to avoid edge cracking.
What is the maximum service temperature of SPFC590-Y?
SPFC590-Y is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between SPFC590-CR and SPFC590-Y?
CR is the default condition — standard uncoated SPFC590/DP590 cold-rolled coil or sheet for painted or e-coated structural stampings. Y: choose when maximum stretch/deep-draw formability and high bake-hardening are needed at the same 590 MPa tensile class. Yield strength is 380 MPa in CR versus 355 MPa in Y.
Sources
- JIS G 3135 — Cold-reduced high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile structural uses — JSA (2018)
- GB/T 20564.2 — Cold rolled dual phase steel sheet (DP590) — SAC (2017)
- Advanced High-Strength Steels Application Guidelines v7 — WorldAutoSteel (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Cold-rolled dual phase steel DP590 / JAC590 datasheet — Baosteel / Nippon Steel (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.