Steel C35
EN C35 · AISI/SAE 1035 · JIS S35C · GB 35
C35 is an unalloyed medium-carbon quality steel to EN 10083-2 (1.0501), matching AISI 1035 and JIS S35C, strengthened by carbon content and heat treatment rather than alloying.
Reference datasheet — C35 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +N condition
C35 tempers and conditions
C35 is supplied in 9 conditions, soft to hard. +N is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 9 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition — pick for cold forming, deep machining or before further heat treatment. | 275 | 520 | 25 | 155 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Cheapest stock condition for non-critical parts that will be machined or later heat treated. | 300 | 560 | 20 | 160 HB | — |
Treated to ferrite–pearlite structure and hardness range | Supply condition specified when consistent machinability and a controlled hardness band are required. | 310 | 580 | 21 | 170 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
+NDefault Normalized | Default stock condition: uniform fine grain, balanced strength/toughness for general shafts and machined parts. | 320 | 600 | 20 | 175 HB | — |
+QT | Heavy Q&T sections; low hardenability of C35 limits core strength, so properties approach normalized values. | 350 | 620 | 20 | 185 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
+QT | Standard commercial Q&T bar size range for machine shafts and couplings. | 410 | 670 | 19 | 16 HRC | — |
Induction hardened | Pick when a wear-resistant, compressively stressed surface is needed on a tough Q&T shaft (journals, splines, rack teeth). | 450 | 700 | 15 | 54 HRC | 9.5 % IACS |
+QT | Highest strength condition for small-diameter shafts, bolts and pins where full through-hardening is possible. | 460 | 700 | 18 | 19 HRC | — |
Cold drawn | Choose for tight tolerance, good surface bright bar and higher yield without heat treatment; ductility is reduced. | 530 | 650 | 11 | 200 HB | — |
What is C35?
C35 is an unalloyed medium-carbon quality steel to EN 10083-2 (1.0501), matching AISI 1035 and JIS S35C, strengthened by carbon content and heat treatment rather than alloying. It is used for moderately loaded shafts, bolts and forgings, and is stocked hot-rolled, annealed (+A), ferrite-pearlite (+FP), normalized (+N), cold-drawn (+C), induction-hardened or quenched and tempered for sections to 16, 40 and 100 mm. Typical values are 320 MPa yield, 600 MPa tensile, 20 % elongation and 175 HB (88 HRB), with service to 400 °C. Weldability is limited (CEV ≈ 0.48) and cold formability is modest; choose C30 for easier welding. C35 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). C35 has a yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 81% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is C35 used for?
- shafts
- bolts
- gears
- machine parts
- forged components
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 55 MPa·√m (50.1 ksi·√in), worse than 82% of steel grades
- Low strength — 320 MPa (46.4 ksi), worse than 81% of steel grades
C35 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C35-+N; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
C35 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
C35 has a yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 81% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
C35 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.5 µm/m·K (6.39 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C35 conducts electricity at 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C35 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
C35's machinability is good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades); weldability fair (50/100); formability fair (45/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. C35 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with C35
Is C35 easy to machine?
Machines well in normalized or cold-drawn condition (~65 % of 1212); use carbide at 120–180 m/min, expect stringy chips in annealed stock — a chip breaker or slight cold work helps.
Can C35 be welded?
Weldable but carbon equivalent ≈0.48 — preheat 150–250 °C for sections over ~20 mm, use low-hydrogen consumables and stress relieve or re-normalize after welding.
Can C35 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge/roll at 1100–850 °C then normalize; cold bending is limited by low ductility — anneal first and use generous bend radii.
C35 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.32 – 0.39 | 0.35 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 0.8 | 0.65 |
| PC35E ≤0.030, C35R ≤0.030 | ≤ 0.05 | |
| SC35E ≤0.035; C35R 0.020–0.040 | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.4 | |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.4 | |
| Moresidual | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Cr+Mo+Nisum of residual elements | ≤ 0.63 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on C35?
No natural corrosion protection: zinc/nickel plating, phosphating, black oxide, or paint; polishes to a fair finish but nitriding/induction hardening are preferred for wear surfaces.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel C35 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
How much does C35 cost?
C35 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
C35 — frequently asked
What is C35 used for?
C35 is typically used for shafts, bolts, gears, machine parts and forged components. In short: mid-range carbon shaft steel; heat-treatable to 600 MPa; cheaper than alloy steel.
What is the yield strength of C35?
C35 has a typical yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 81% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 9 listed tempers.
Is C35 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades). Machines well in normalized or cold-drawn condition (~65 % of 1212); use carbide at 120–180 m/min, expect stringy chips in annealed stock — a chip breaker or slight cold work helps.
Can C35 be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (50/100). Weldable but carbon equivalent ≈0.48 — preheat 150–250 °C for sections over ~20 mm, use low-hydrogen consumables and stress relieve or re-normalize after welding.
What surface finishes work on C35?
No natural corrosion protection: zinc/nickel plating, phosphating, black oxide, or paint; polishes to a fair finish but nitriding/induction hardening are preferred for wear surfaces.
Can C35 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge/roll at 1100–850 °C then normalize; cold bending is limited by low ductility — anneal first and use generous bend radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of C35?
C35 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C35 +N and C35-IH?
+N is the default condition — default stock condition: uniform fine grain, balanced strength/toughness for general shafts and machined parts. IH: pick when a wear-resistant, compressively stressed surface is needed on a tough Q&T shaft (journals, splines, rack teeth). Yield strength is 320 MPa in +N versus 450 MPa in IH.
How much does C35 cost?
C35 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10083-2 — Steels for quenching and tempering: non-alloy steels — CEN (2006)
- EN 10277-2 — Bright steel products: general engineering steels — CEN (2008)
- JIS G 4051 — Carbon steels for machine structural use (S35C) — JISC (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating — ASM International (1991)
- Mysteel / SMM (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.