Steel 1110-CD (Cold drawn)
Supply condition · default condition
AISI/SAE 1110 · UNS G11100
Standard stock condition: bright, close-tolerance bar for automatic lathes and screw-machine work.
Values for the CD condition
Other 1110 tempers and conditions
1110 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 1110.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest, most ductile state for cold heading, staking or severe forming before final machining. | 195 | 340 | 32 | 95 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Cheapest form for larger machined parts where surface finish and size tolerance are cut anyway. | 205 | 365 | 28 | 103 HB | — |
Normalized | Use to homogenize forged or heavily banded bar and get uniform grain before carburizing. | 235 | 390 | 30 | 110 HB | 11 % IACS |
Cold drawn, stress relieved | Pick when long slender turned parts must stay straight after heavy asymmetric machining. | 340 | 425 | 18 | 116 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Carburized and quenched, case ~0.5 mm | Choose when a machined 1110 part needs a wear-resistant surface; core stays soft and tough. | 350 | 550 | 12 | 58 HRC | — |
CDDefaultThis page Cold drawn | Standard stock condition: bright, close-tolerance bar for automatic lathes and screw-machine work. | 380 | 440 | 15 | 121 HB | — |
What is 1110-CD?
1110-CD is 1110 supplied in the CD condition — standard stock condition: bright, close-tolerance bar for automatic lathes and screw-machine work. 1110-CD has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 440 MPa (63.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). 1110-CD has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 78/100, better than 97% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 51 W/m·K (29.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 92% of steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
1110-CD properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1110-CD; 12 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1110 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
1110-CD has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical13
1110-CD has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 440 MPa (63.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
1110-CD is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 51 W/m·K (29.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 92% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.7 µm/m·K (6.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1110-CD conducts electricity at 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (8/100), worse than 99% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1110-CD takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability7
1110-CD's machinability is very good (78/100, better than 97% of steel grades); weldability fair (45/100); formability fair (45/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1110-CD
Is 1110 easy to machine?
Excellent free-cutting behaviour — run high speeds with sharp positive-rake tooling; MnS gives short chips and good finish, but the low carbon can still smear, so keep feeds up.
Can 1110 be welded?
Poor: sulphur promotes hot cracking and porosity — avoid structural welds, or use low-hydrogen/basic consumables, preheat and minimum restraint.
Can 1110 be formed, bent or molded?
Acceptable bending and light cold heading in the longitudinal direction; transverse ductility is low, so keep bend axes parallel to the rolling direction and use generous radii.
What surface finishes work on 1110?
No corrosion resistance as-machined — specify oil, phosphate, black oxide, zinc or electroless nickel; sulphide stringers limit mirror polishing and can cause plating pinholes.
1110 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.08 – 0.13 | 0.1 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.6 | 0.45 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Sresulfurized for free machining | 0.08 – 0.13 | 0.1 |
| Sinot specified for 11xx bar; residual only | — | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
1110-CD — frequently asked
What is 1110-CD used for?
1110-CD is typically used for screw machine parts, studs and bushings. In short: machinability score 78; high-volume screw-machine grade; poor weldability by design.
What is the yield strength of 1110-CD?
1110-CD has a typical yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 440 MPa (63.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 1110-CD easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (78/100, better than 97% of steel grades). Excellent free-cutting behaviour — run high speeds with sharp positive-rake tooling; MnS gives short chips and good finish, but the low carbon can still smear, so keep feeds up.
Can 1110-CD be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (45/100). Poor: sulphur promotes hot cracking and porosity — avoid structural welds, or use low-hydrogen/basic consumables, preheat and minimum restraint.
What surface finishes work on 1110-CD?
No corrosion resistance as-machined — specify oil, phosphate, black oxide, zinc or electroless nickel; sulphide stringers limit mirror polishing and can cause plating pinholes.
Can 1110-CD be formed, bent or molded?
Acceptable bending and light cold heading in the longitudinal direction; transverse ductility is low, so keep bend axes parallel to the rolling direction and use generous radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1110-CD?
1110-CD is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1110-CD and 1110-ANN?
CD is the default condition — standard stock condition: bright, close-tolerance bar for automatic lathes and screw-machine work. ANN: softest, most ductile state for cold heading, staking or severe forming before final machining. Yield strength is 380 MPa in CD versus 195 MPa in ANN.
Sources
- SAE J403 — Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels — SAE International (2014)
- ASTM A108 — Standard Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished — ASTM (2018)
- ASTM A576 — Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality — ASTM (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16 — Machining — ASM International (1989)
- GB/T 8731 — (free-cutting structural steel) — SAC (2008)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.