Stainless Steel S32404-CD (Cold drawn)
Supply condition
UNS S32404
Choose for small-diameter shafts, fasteners and machined pump/valve parts needing tighter tolerance and higher strength.
Values for the CD condition
Other S32404 tempers and conditions
S32404 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at S32404.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forged + Solution Annealed | For flanges, valve bodies and heavy fittings; requires full solution anneal and quench after forging to restore phase balance. | 500 | 690 | 28 | 24 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
SADefault Solution Annealed | Standard supply condition for plate, bar, tube and forgings — balanced 50/50 ferrite–austenite with best corrosion resistance and toughness. | 510 | 700 | 30 | 24 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
As-welded deposit | Property set for fabricated joints left in the as-welded condition — strength near base metal but reduced toughness and pitting margin in the HAZ. | 520 | 700 | 22 | 25 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
CDThis page Cold drawn | Choose for small-diameter shafts, fasteners and machined pump/valve parts needing tighter tolerance and higher strength. | 650 | 830 | 20 | 29 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
What is S32404-CD?
S32404-CD is S32404 supplied in the CD condition — choose for small-diameter shafts, fasteners and machined pump/valve parts needing tighter tolerance and higher strength. S32404-CD has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 90% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). S32404-CD has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), heavier than 50% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). SA is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CD is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 650 MPa (94.3 ksi), better than 90% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 90% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 20%, worse than 79% of stainless steel grades
S32404-CD properties
Typical room-temperature values for S32404-CD; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are S32404 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
S32404-CD has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), heavier than 50% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical17
S32404-CD has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 90% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal5
S32404-CD is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 13 µm/m·K (7.22 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S32404-CD conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (68/100), better than 63% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S32404-CD takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 5.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 75% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 70%.
Manufacturability6
S32404-CD's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (58/100); formability fair (35/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with S32404-CD
Is S32404 easy to machine?
Machine like 2205 but tougher: rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, ~60–90 m/min with heavy constant feed and flood coolant; avoid dwelling to prevent work hardening.
Can S32404 be welded?
Weld with 22Cr duplex (2209/25.10.4) filler, GTAW/GMAW/SMAW, interpass ≤150 °C and heat input ~0.5–2.0 kJ/mm; no preheat, avoid PWHT below 1020 °C, use N₂-bearing backing gas on root passes.
Can S32404 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with ~50% more force and larger bend radii than 304; hot work 1000–1150 °C followed by full solution anneal and water quench — never finish-form or cool slowly through 600–950 °C.
What surface finishes work on S32404?
Pickle (HNO₃/HF) and passivate after welding or grinding to restore the passive film; can be electropolished or mechanically polished, but not anodised or conventionally plated.
S32404 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.2 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Cr | 20.5 – 22.5 | 21.5 |
| Ni | 5.5 – 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Mo | 2 – 3 | 2.5 |
| Cuimproves acid resistance | 1 – 2 | 1.5 |
| N | ≤ 0.2 | 0.15 |
| Fe | balance | — |
S32404-CD — frequently asked
What is S32404-CD used for?
S32404-CD is typically used for chemical process vessels, heat exchangers, pulp and paper equipment, flue gas desulfurization and marine components. In short: copper-bearing duplex; sulfuric acid service; twice the yield of 316L.
What is the yield strength of S32404-CD?
S32404-CD has a typical yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 90% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is S32404-CD easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades). Machine like 2205 but tougher: rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, ~60–90 m/min with heavy constant feed and flood coolant; avoid dwelling to prevent work hardening.
Can S32404-CD be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (58/100). Weld with 22Cr duplex (2209/25.10.4) filler, GTAW/GMAW/SMAW, interpass ≤150 °C and heat input ~0.5–2.0 kJ/mm; no preheat, avoid PWHT below 1020 °C, use N₂-bearing backing gas on root passes.
What surface finishes work on S32404-CD?
Pickle (HNO₃/HF) and passivate after welding or grinding to restore the passive film; can be electropolished or mechanically polished, but not anodised or conventionally plated.
Can S32404-CD be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with ~50% more force and larger bend radii than 304; hot work 1000–1150 °C followed by full solution anneal and water quench — never finish-form or cool slowly through 600–950 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of S32404-CD?
S32404-CD is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S32404-SA and S32404-CD?
SA is the default condition — standard supply condition for plate, bar, tube and forgings — balanced 50/50 ferrite–austenite with best corrosion resistance and toughness. CD: choose for small-diameter shafts, fasteners and machined pump/valve parts needing tighter tolerance and higher strength. Yield strength is 510 MPa in SA versus 650 MPa in CD.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (UNS S32404) — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A479/A479M and A182/A182M — bars and forgings for pressure service — ASTM International (2022)
- URANUS 50 (UNS S32404) duplex stainless steel data — Industeel / ArcelorMittal (formerly Creusot-Loire) (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (duplex stainless section) — ASM International (1990)
- Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels — IMOA (2014)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.