Stainless Steel S32001 Annealed
Temper · default condition
UNS S32001 · EN 1.4482
Standard mill condition for plate, sheet, coil, bar and tube — best combination of ductility, toughness and corrosion resistance.
Values for the Annealed condition
Other S32001 tempers and conditions
S32001 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at S32001.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Welded tube/pipe, solution annealed after welding | Choose for pressure and process tubing per ASTM A789/A790 where the weld must be re-solutioned to restore phase balance. | 510 | 680 | 30 | 21 HRC | 2.5 % IACS |
AnnealedDefaultThis page solution annealed (≈1010–1100 °C) and rapidly cooled | Standard mill condition for plate, sheet, coil, bar and tube — best combination of ductility, toughness and corrosion resistance. | 520 | 690 | 32 | 230 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Use for high-strength fasteners, shafts and reinforcement bar where close tolerance and higher yield are needed. | 690 | 830 | 18 | 28 HRC | 2.5 % IACS |
Cold Worked / temper rolled strip | Pick when higher strength per unit thickness is needed for lightly formed parts, straps and strip; ductility and toughness drop sharply. | 720 | 850 | 14 | 29 HRC | 2.5 % IACS |
What is S32001 Annealed?
S32001 Annealed is S32001 in the Annealed temper — standard mill condition for plate, sheet, coil, bar and tube — best combination of ductility, toughness and corrosion resistance. S32001 Annealed has a yield strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 79% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 32% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). S32001 Annealed has a density of 7.74 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 72% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Advantages
- High strength — 520 MPa (75.4 ksi), better than 79% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 90% of stainless steel grades
S32001 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for S32001 Annealed; 13 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are S32001 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
S32001 Annealed has a density of 7.74 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 72% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
S32001 Annealed has a yield strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 79% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 32% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
S32001 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 15.5 W/m·K (8.96 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 53% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 13 µm/m·K (7.22 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S32001 Annealed conducts electricity at 2.5 % IACS, better than 75% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (58/100), worse than 62% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S32001 Annealed takes about 50 MJ of energy and emits 4.5 kg of CO₂ — less than 80% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 65%.
Manufacturability7
S32001 Annealed's machinability is fair (40/100, better than 72% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (70/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with S32001 Annealed
Is S32001 easy to machine?
Machine like 2205 but slightly easier: rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, low speed / heavy positive feed to cut under the work-hardened skin, ample flood coolant.
Can S32001 be welded?
GTAW/GMAW/SAW with over-alloyed 2209 (or matching 2101/2307) filler and N-bearing shielding; keep heat input roughly 0.5–2.5 kJ/mm and interpass <150 °C, no PWHT — autogenous welds should be re-annealed or filler-added to keep austenite content.
Can S32001 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold formable but needs ~2× the press force and larger over-bend allowance than 304 because of high yield and springback; hot work 1100–1200 °C and always solution anneal + water quench afterwards.
What surface finishes work on S32001?
Pickle/passivate (HNO₃-HF) or bead-blast plus passivation after welding to remove heat tint; electropolishing and mechanical polishing give good bright finishes — do not anodize.
S32001 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Mnaustenite stabiliser replacing Ni | 4 – 6 | 5 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0 |
| Cr | 19.5 – 21.5 | 20.5 |
| Ni | 1 – 3 | 1.7 |
| Moresidual only — Mo-free design | ≤ 0.6 | 0.2 |
| N | 0.05 – 0.17 | 0.12 |
| Cu | ≤ 1 | 0.3 |
| Fe | balance | — |
S32001 Annealed — frequently asked
What is S32001 Annealed used for?
S32001 Annealed is typically used for structural tanks, transportation trailers and general industrial fabrication. In short: lowest-cost duplex stainless; molybdenum-free 304 replacement; roughly double 304 yield.
What is the yield strength of S32001 Annealed?
S32001 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 79% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is S32001 Annealed easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, better than 72% of stainless steel grades). Machine like 2205 but slightly easier: rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, low speed / heavy positive feed to cut under the work-hardened skin, ample flood coolant.
Can S32001 Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (70/100). GTAW/GMAW/SAW with over-alloyed 2209 (or matching 2101/2307) filler and N-bearing shielding; keep heat input roughly 0.5–2.5 kJ/mm and interpass <150 °C, no PWHT — autogenous welds should be re-annealed or filler-added to keep austenite content.
What surface finishes work on S32001 Annealed?
Pickle/passivate (HNO₃-HF) or bead-blast plus passivation after welding to remove heat tint; electropolishing and mechanical polishing give good bright finishes — do not anodize.
Can S32001 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Cold formable but needs ~2× the press force and larger over-bend allowance than 304 because of high yield and springback; hot work 1100–1200 °C and always solution anneal + water quench afterwards.
What is the maximum service temperature of S32001 Annealed?
S32001 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S32001 Annealed and S32001 CW-TR?
Annealed is the default condition — standard mill condition for plate, sheet, coil, bar and tube — best combination of ductility, toughness and corrosion resistance. CW-TR: pick when higher strength per unit thickness is needed for lightly formed parts, straps and strip; ductility and toughness drop sharply. Yield strength is 520 MPa in Annealed versus 720 MPa in CW-TR.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A789/A790 — Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing and Pipe — ASTM International (2021)
- 19D (UNS S32001) Lean Duplex Stainless Steel Data Sheet — Cleveland-Cliffs (formerly AK Steel) (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels — International Molybdenum Association (IMOA) (2014)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.