Copper Alloy C61400
UNS C61400 · EN CW303G
C61400 is an iron-modified wrought aluminium bronze (QAl9-2, CW303G) that adds iron to the aluminium bronze system for higher strength and wear resistance than plain 7% Al bronze.
Reference datasheet — C61400 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the M20 condition
C61400 tempers and conditions
C61400 is supplied in 7 conditions, soft to hard. M20 is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soft annealed | Fully softened tube/sheet for expanding, bending, flaring and tube-to-tubesheet rolling. | 205 | 505 | 50 | 128 HB | 14 % IACS |
Hot rolled and annealed | Choose when maximum uniformity and formability of plate/sheet is needed after hot rolling. | 220 | 515 | 45 | 133 HB | 14 % IACS |
M20Default As hot rolled | Standard stocked condition for plate, sheet and tubesheet; best all-round strength/ductility balance. | 230 | 525 | 45 | 140 HB | 14 % IACS |
As hot extruded | Rod, bar and hollow sections supplied straight from the press; slightly higher strength than hot-rolled plate. | 250 | 550 | 38 | 145 HB | 14 % IACS |
Light drawn | Lightly cold-drawn tube where straightness and moderate strength gain are wanted with usable ductility. | 345 | 565 | 32 | 155 HB | 14 % IACS |
Drawn and stress relieved | Preferred condition for condenser/heat-exchanger tube: cold-drawn strength with residual stresses removed to resist stress-corrosion cracking. | 400 | 585 | 28 | 168 HB | 14 % IACS |
Hard drawn | Maximum-strength cold-drawn rod/tube for wear parts and shafting where ductility is secondary. | 450 | 620 | 20 | 185 HB | 14 % IACS |
What is C61400?
C61400 is an iron-modified wrought aluminium bronze (QAl9-2, CW303G) that adds iron to the aluminium bronze system for higher strength and wear resistance than plain 7% Al bronze. It is chosen for marine and chemical process duty at 525 MPa tensile, 230 MPa yield, 45% elongation and 140 HB, with a corrosion resistance score of 76, service to 300 °C, thermal conductivity of 66.6 W/m·K and 14% IACS; common forms are shaft bar, plate, tube and forgings. Weldability is good (score 70) with ERCuAl-A2 filler, but machinability is only 28 and cold formability is limited (score 55). C61300 is the nearest alternative where easier cold forming matters more than strength. C61400 has a density of 7.89 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), lighter than 89% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,040°C (1,904 °F). C61400 has a yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 525 MPa (76.1 ksi) — stronger than 51% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 117 GPa (17 Msi).
What is C61400 used for?
- ship propeller shafts
- valve stems
- pump shafts
- condenser plates
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 45%, better than 91% of copper alloy grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 76/100, better than 91% of copper alloy grades
- High service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), better than 85% of copper alloy grades
- Readily welded — 70/100, better than 85% of copper alloy grades
C61400 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C61400-M20; bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C61400 has a density of 7.89 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), lighter than 89% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,040°C (1,904 °F).
Mechanical14
C61400 has a yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 525 MPa (76.1 ksi) — stronger than 51% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 117 GPa (17 Msi).
Thermal6
C61400 is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 66.6 W/m·K (38.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 57% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 16.2 µm/m·K (9 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C61400 conducts electricity at 14 % IACS, worse than 56% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (76/100), better than 91% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C61400 takes about 58 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — more than 61% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability8
C61400's machinability is poor (28/100, worse than 78% of copper alloy grades); weldability very good (70/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the copper alloy family
Yield strength against density for every copper alloy grade FabDigit runs. C61400 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with C61400
Is C61400 easy to machine?
Tough, gummy chips: use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min surface speed and generous coolant; roughly 20 % of free-cutting brass throughput.
Can C61400 be welded?
GTAW/GMAW with ERCuAl-A2 filler works well; remove alumina film mechanically or with AC/He, preheat 150–200 °C on heavy sections and avoid excessive heat input to prevent aluminium oxide entrapment.
Can C61400 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot work at 750–900 °C; cold form only in O25/O60 tempers, with interstage anneal at 600–650 °C for severe drawing or tube expanding.
C61400 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Al | 6 – 8 | 7 |
| Fegrain refiner, raises strength/wear resistance | 1.5 – 3.5 | 2.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.3 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.2 | |
| Pb | ≤ 0.01 | |
| P | ≤ 0.02 | |
| CuCu + named elements 99.5 % min | balance |
What surface finishes work on C61400?
Not anodizable; polishes to a golden lustre, can be pickled in sulphuric/HF-free acid to remove oxide, and takes electroless nickel or clear lacquer for atmospheric appearance retention.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on copper alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Copper Alloy C61400 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- CW303G
- Similar grades
- QAl9-2
How much does C61400 cost?
C61400 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
C61400 — frequently asked
What is C61400 used for?
C61400 is typically used for ship propeller shafts, valve stems, pump shafts and condenser plates. In short: stronger iron-bearing aluminum bronze; weldable seawater shafting alloy; 300 °C service capability.
What is the yield strength of C61400?
C61400 has a typical yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 525 MPa (76.1 ksi) — stronger than 51% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is C61400 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (28/100, worse than 78% of copper alloy grades). Tough, gummy chips: use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min surface speed and generous coolant; roughly 20 % of free-cutting brass throughput.
Can C61400 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (70/100). GTAW/GMAW with ERCuAl-A2 filler works well; remove alumina film mechanically or with AC/He, preheat 150–200 °C on heavy sections and avoid excessive heat input to prevent aluminium oxide entrapment.
What surface finishes work on C61400?
Not anodizable; polishes to a golden lustre, can be pickled in sulphuric/HF-free acid to remove oxide, and takes electroless nickel or clear lacquer for atmospheric appearance retention.
Can C61400 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot work at 750–900 °C; cold form only in O25/O60 tempers, with interstage anneal at 600–650 °C for severe drawing or tube expanding.
What is the maximum service temperature of C61400?
C61400 is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C61400-M20 and C61400-H80?
M20 is the default condition — standard stocked condition for plate, sheet and tubesheet; best all-round strength/ductility balance. H80: maximum-strength cold-drawn rod/tube for wear parts and shafting where ductility is secondary. Yield strength is 230 MPa in M20 versus 450 MPa in H80.
How much does C61400 cost?
C61400 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM B171/B171M — Copper-Alloy Plate and Sheet for Pressure Vessels, Condensers and Heat Exchangers — ASTM International (2018)
- ASTM B111/B111M — Copper and Copper-Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes — ASTM International (2021)
- CDA Alloy Database — C61400 aluminium bronze, D — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials (copper alloys in seawater) — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.