Steel 1095 As-Quenched
Heat-treated state
AISI/SAE 1095 · UNS G10950 · EN C95, 1.1274 · JIS SUP4 · GB 95
Maximum hardness intermediate state only — untempered martensite is brittle and must be tempered before service.
Values for the As-Quenched condition
Other 1095 tempers and conditions
1095 is listed in 10 conditions; see the grade overview at 1095.
- Spheroidized
- Annealed
- Normalized
- Q&T 650C
- Hot Rolled
- Q&T 540C
- Cold Drawn
- Blue Tempered Spring
- Hardened & Tempered
- As-Quenched
Compare all 10 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
spheroidal carbide structure | Choose for maximum cold formability/deep drawing of strip and for the best machined finish before hardening. | 370 | 620 | 20 | 180 HB | 9.8 % IACS |
AnnealedDefault full/soft anneal (~790 °C, furnace cool) | Softest supply condition for machining, blanking and subsequent hardening — the usual stock form for bar and knife-blade plate. | 380 | 655 | 13 | 192 HB | — |
900 °C, air cooled | Use to homogenize forgings and refine grain before hardening; fine pearlite gives higher strength than annealed. | 500 | 1,010 | 9.5 | 31 HRC | 9.6 % IACS |
quenched and tempered at 650 °C (~269 HB) | Softest tempered condition — highest ductility, used where machining after heat treatment is required. | 552 | 896 | 21 | 27 HRC | 9.4 % IACS |
as-rolled bar/plate | Lowest-cost mill condition for parts that will be re-heat-treated; hard, scaly surface and coarse pearlite. | 570 | 965 | 9 | 31 HRC | 9.6 % IACS |
quenched and tempered at 540 °C (~321 HB) | Tougher medium-hardness condition for shafts, chisels and impact-loaded high-carbon parts. | 676 | 1,090 | 15 | 34 HRC | 9.2 % IACS |
cold drawn bar/wire (annealed then drawn) | Pick for straight, close-tolerance bar and high-strength wire where no further heat treatment is planned. | 760 | 900 | 8 | 27 HRC | 9.5 % IACS |
Blue Tempered / Hard Rolled Spring Strip (44–51 HRC) | Pre-hardened, ready-to-form spring strip for clips, shims, feeler gauges and flat springs — no post heat treatment needed. | 1,450 | 1,650 | 3 | 48 HRC | 9 % IACS |
quench + low temper 175–205 °C (58–62 HRC) | Standard blade/cutting-edge condition: near-maximum hardness with just enough tempering to relieve quench stresses. | 1,500 | 1,900 | 2 | 60 HRC | — |
As-QuenchedThis page 800 °C austenitize, water/brine quench, untempered | Maximum hardness intermediate state only — untempered martensite is brittle and must be tempered before service. | 1,800 | 2,200 | 0.5 | 65 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
What is 1095 As-Quenched?
1095 As-Quenched is 1095 heat treated to As-Quenched — maximum hardness intermediate state only — untempered martensite is brittle and must be tempered before service. 1095 As-Quenched has a yield strength of 1,800 MPa (261 ksi) and a tensile strength of 2,200 MPa (319 ksi) — stronger than 99% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 0.5% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). 1095 As-Quenched has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; As-Quenched is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 1,800 MPa (261 ksi), better than 99% of steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 75/100, better than 94% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 0.5%, worse than 100% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 5/100, worse than 100% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 5/100, worse than 100% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 2/100, worse than 100% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 150°C (302 °F), worse than 99% of steel grades
1095 As-Quenched properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1095 As-Quenched; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1095 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
1095 As-Quenched has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical15
1095 As-Quenched has a yield strength of 1,800 MPa (261 ksi) and a tensile strength of 2,200 MPa (319 ksi) — stronger than 99% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 0.5% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
1095 As-Quenched is rated for continuous service to 150°C (302 °F). It conducts heat at 40 W/m·K (23.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 64% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.4 µm/m·K (6.33 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1095 As-Quenched conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 57% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (7/100), worse than 100% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1095 As-Quenched takes about 26 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 64% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability6
1095 As-Quenched's machinability is not recommended (5/100, worse than 100% of steel grades); weldability not recommended (5/100); formability not recommended (2/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1095 As-Quenched
Is 1095 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or spheroidized state with sharp carbide/HSS tools and generous coolant; hardened 1095 above ~50 HRC needs grinding or EDM.
Can 1095 be welded?
Poor weldability (CE ≈ 1.0) — expect martensite and cracking; if unavoidable, preheat 260–320 °C, use low-hydrogen or austenitic filler and temper immediately after.
Can 1095 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only in annealed/spheroidized condition with generous bend radii; hot forge 900–1150 °C and always slow-cool or anneal to avoid quench cracks.
What surface finishes work on 1095?
No inherent corrosion resistance — protect with oil, bluing/black oxide, phosphate, zinc plating or paint; takes a fine polish and holds a sharp ground edge.
1095 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CSAE J403 / ASTM A29 | 0.9 – 1.03 | 0.96 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Sitypical for killed steel; not specified in SAE J403 | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1095 As-Quenched — frequently asked
What is 1095 As-Quenched used for?
1095 As-Quenched is typically used for spring clips, blades and cutting tools. In short: maximum hardness spring steel.
What is the yield strength of 1095 As-Quenched?
1095 As-Quenched has a typical yield strength of 1,800 MPa (261 ksi) and a tensile strength of 2,200 MPa (319 ksi) — stronger than 99% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.
Is 1095 As-Quenched easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (5/100, worse than 100% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or spheroidized state with sharp carbide/HSS tools and generous coolant; hardened 1095 above ~50 HRC needs grinding or EDM.
Can 1095 As-Quenched be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated not recommended (5/100). Poor weldability (CE ≈ 1.0) — expect martensite and cracking; if unavoidable, preheat 260–320 °C, use low-hydrogen or austenitic filler and temper immediately after.
What surface finishes work on 1095 As-Quenched?
No inherent corrosion resistance — protect with oil, bluing/black oxide, phosphate, zinc plating or paint; takes a fine polish and holds a sharp ground edge.
Can 1095 As-Quenched be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only in annealed/spheroidized condition with generous bend radii; hot forge 900–1150 °C and always slow-cool or anneal to avoid quench cracks.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1095 As-Quenched?
1095 As-Quenched is rated for continuous use to about 150°C (302 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 1095 As-Quenched?
Yes — 1095 As-Quenched is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- SAE J403 – Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels — SAE International (2014)
- ASTM A29/A29M – Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought — ASTM (2020)
- ASTM A684 – High-Carbon Cold-Rolled Steel Strip — ASTM (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 – Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 – Heat Treating — ASM International (1991)
- GB/T 699 / GB/T 1298 (T10A) — SAC (2015)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.