Aluminum 1235-H24
Temper
AA 1235 · UNS A91235 · EN AW-1235, Al99.35 · JIS A1235
H24 = strain hardened and partially annealed, half hard
Very common semi-rigid foil temper for container/lidding stock needing both stiffness and formability.
Values for the H24 condition
Other 1235 tempers and conditions
1235 is listed in 12 conditions; see the grade overview at 1235.
Compare all 12 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ODefault Annealed | Pick for household foil, deep-drawn container foil and any application needing maximum ductility and dead-fold behaviour. | 30 | 80 | 32 | 21 HB | 62 % IACS |
Slightly strain hardened | Essentially soft coil that has picked up slight cold work from levelling/straightening; specify when near-O ductility with flat, handleable coil is needed. | 45 | 85 | 25 | 23 HB | 62 % IACS |
Strain hardened from hot working only | Hot-rolled/hot-worked plate or thicker coil supplied with guaranteed minimum properties; used for foil-mill slab-derived plate and general non-critical parts. | 45 | 90 | 22 | 23 HB | 62 % IACS |
As fabricated | Mill product (hot-rolled slab/coil) supplied without guaranteed mechanicals, typically as feedstock for further rolling. | 45 | 90 | 20 | 24 HB | 62 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, quarter hard | Partially annealed foil giving softer feel with better elongation than H12 at similar strength. | 70 | 95 | 14 | 25 HB | 61.5 % IACS |
Strain hardened, quarter hard | Light cold work for slightly stiffer coil that still forms easily. | 75 | 95 | 12 | 26 HB | 61 % IACS |
H24This page Strain hardened and partially annealed, half hard | Very common semi-rigid foil temper for container/lidding stock needing both stiffness and formability. | 90 | 115 | 10 | 29 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened, half hard | Balanced strength/formability coil for semi-rigid foil containers and laminations. | 100 | 115 | 8 | 30 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, three-quarter hard | Use when H16 strength is wanted but with a little more residual ductility for slitting and winding. | 110 | 135 | 6 | 34 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened, three-quarter hard | Stiffer foil/strip where limited bending is required, e.g. cable shielding tape. | 120 | 135 | 5 | 35 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened, full hard | The standard hard-rolled foil condition for laminating, cable wrap and battery/packaging foil where stiffness and strength matter more than fold ductility. | 140 | 155 | 3 | 40 HB | 61 % IACS |
Strain hardened, extra hard | Highest-strength cold-rolled condition, used for thin cable tape and reinforcement foil; very little remaining ductility. | 155 | 170 | 2 | 43 HB | 60.5 % IACS |
What is 1235-H24?
1235-H24 is 1235 in the H24 temper — very common semi-rigid foil temper for container/lidding stock needing both stiffness and formability. 1235-H24 has a yield strength of 90 MPa (13.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 115 MPa (16.7 ksi) — weaker than 87% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi). 1235-H24 has a density of 2.71 g/cm³ (0.0979 lb/in³), heavier than 51% of aluminum grades. It melts at 646°C (1,195 °F). O is the default condition FabDigit quotes; H24 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 231 W/m·K (133.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 97% of aluminum grades
- High electrical conductivity — 61 % IACS, better than 96% of aluminum grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 78/100, better than 94% of aluminum grades
- Forms and bends easily — 83/100, better than 91% of aluminum grades
- Readily welded — 90/100, better than 90% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Difficult to machine — 30/100, worse than 92% of aluminum grades
- Low strength — 90 MPa (13.1 ksi), worse than 87% of aluminum grades
1235-H24 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1235-H24; 18 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1235 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
1235-H24 has a density of 2.71 g/cm³ (0.0979 lb/in³), heavier than 51% of aluminum grades. It melts at 646°C (1,195 °F).
Mechanical11
1235-H24 has a yield strength of 90 MPa (13.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 115 MPa (16.7 ksi) — weaker than 87% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi).
Thermal6
1235-H24 is rated for continuous service to 130°C (266 °F). It conducts heat at 231 W/m·K (133.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 97% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.6 µm/m·K (13.1 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1235-H24 conducts electricity at 61 % IACS, better than 96% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (78/100), better than 94% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1235-H24 takes about 200 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — less than 60% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 20%.
Manufacturability8
1235-H24's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 92% of aluminum grades); weldability excellent (90/100); formability very good (83/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1235-H24
Is 1235 easy to machine?
Very gummy in O/H1x tempers — use sharp polished high-rake carbide, high speed, low feed and generous lubricant; expect built-up edge and poor chip breaking.
Can 1235 be welded?
Readily fusion welded (TIG/MIG) with 1100 or 1188 filler, but foil gauges are joined by ultrasonic, resistance seam or adhesive/heat-seal lamination instead.
Can 1235 be formed, bent or molded?
Outstanding cold formability — rolls to 6 µm foil, deep draws and dead-folds in O temper; anneal between heavy reduction passes and watch pinholes at ultra-thin gauge.
What surface finishes work on 1235?
Takes clear/bright anodizing, conversion coating, printing lacquers and PE/PET lamination well; degrease rolling oil thoroughly before coating.
1235 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Si+Fecombined limit per AA registration | ≤ 0.65 | 0.5 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Mg | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.1 | 0.02 |
| V+Ticombined limit | ≤ 0.06 | 0.02 |
| Others (each) | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Others (total) | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Alminimum aluminium content defines the grade | ≥ 99.35 (balance) | — |
1235-H24 — frequently asked
What is 1235-H24 used for?
1235-H24 is typically used for aluminum foil, packaging laminate, cable wrap and insulation foil. In short: foil-gauge pure aluminum; near-maximum cold formability; high thermal conductivity.
What is the yield strength of 1235-H24?
1235-H24 has a typical yield strength of 90 MPa (13.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 115 MPa (16.7 ksi) — weaker than 87% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 12 listed tempers.
Is 1235-H24 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 92% of aluminum grades). Very gummy in O/H1x tempers — use sharp polished high-rake carbide, high speed, low feed and generous lubricant; expect built-up edge and poor chip breaking.
Can 1235-H24 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (90/100). Readily fusion welded (TIG/MIG) with 1100 or 1188 filler, but foil gauges are joined by ultrasonic, resistance seam or adhesive/heat-seal lamination instead.
What surface finishes work on 1235-H24?
Takes clear/bright anodizing, conversion coating, printing lacquers and PE/PET lamination well; degrease rolling oil thoroughly before coating.
Can 1235-H24 be formed, bent or molded?
Outstanding cold formability — rolls to 6 µm foil, deep draws and dead-folds in O temper; anneal between heavy reduction passes and watch pinholes at ultra-thin gauge.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1235-H24?
1235-H24 is rated for continuous use to about 130°C (266 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1235-O and 1235-H19?
O is the default condition — pick for household foil, deep-drawn container foil and any application needing maximum ductility and dead-fold behaviour. H19: highest-strength cold-rolled condition, used for thin cable tape and reinforcement foil; very little remaining ductility. Yield strength is 30 MPa in O versus 155 MPa in H19.
Sources
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- EN 573-3 / EN 546 Aluminium and aluminium alloys — foil — CEN (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2: Properties and Selection — Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Aluminium foil stock 1235 technical data — foil-mill producer datasheets (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.