Steel 60Si2Mn Normalized
Heat-treated state
GB 60Si2Mn
Used to homogenise structure and refine grain in forgings before final hardening; not a service condition for springs.
Values for the Normalized condition
Other 60Si2Mn tempers and conditions
60Si2Mn is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at 60Si2Mn.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault softened / spheroidise-annealed bar (≤302 HBW) | Standard stocked condition for machining, cold forming and blanking before final quench-and-temper. | 480 | 800 | 15 | 255 HB | — |
as-rolled bar/flat/coil | Cheapest mill condition for bars and flats that will be formed hot or fully heat treated afterwards. | 600 | 1,000 | 10 | 30 HRC | 5.7 % IACS |
NormalizedThis page 860–880 °C air cool | Used to homogenise structure and refine grain in forgings before final hardening; not a service condition for springs. | 650 | 1,050 | 10 | 31 HRC | 5.7 % IACS |
annealed + cold drawn bar/wire | Bright bar and wire with tighter tolerance and higher as-supplied strength for coiling or turned parts. | 800 | 1,000 | 8 | 31 HRC | 5.7 % IACS |
spring temper, 45–50 HRC (860–880 °C oil quench + 400–460 °C temper) | Final spring condition: maximum elastic limit and relaxation resistance for leaf, coil and disc springs; usually shot-peened afterwards. | 1,600 | 1,750 | 6 | 48 HRC | — |
What is 60Si2Mn Normalized?
60Si2Mn Normalized is 60Si2Mn heat treated to Normalized — used to homogenise structure and refine grain in forgings before final hardening; not a service condition for springs. 60Si2Mn Normalized has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,050 MPa (152 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi). 60Si2Mn Normalized has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 93% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Normalized is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 650 MPa (94.3 ksi), better than 79% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 200°C (392 °F), worse than 93% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 10%, worse than 91% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 18/100, worse than 87% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 36/100, worse than 81% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
60Si2Mn Normalized properties
Typical room-temperature values for 60Si2Mn Normalized; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 60Si2Mn reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
60Si2Mn Normalized has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 93% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical12
60Si2Mn Normalized has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,050 MPa (152 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi).
Thermal6
60Si2Mn Normalized is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
60Si2Mn Normalized has an electrical resistivity of 3×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 60Si2Mn Normalized takes about 30 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability6
60Si2Mn Normalized's machinability is fair (36/100, worse than 81% of steel grades); weldability poor (18/100); formability poor (20/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 60Si2Mn Normalized
Is 60Si2Mn easy to machine?
Machine only in the annealed (≤302 HBW) state — the high silicon is abrasive, so use rigid setups, coated carbide and moderate speeds; grind after hardening for final size.
Can 60Si2Mn be welded?
Poor: 0.6 %C gives hard, crack-sensitive HAZ — avoid welding on springs; if unavoidable use 200–350 °C preheat, low-hydrogen filler and immediate post-weld temper.
Can 60Si2Mn be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form or coil in the annealed/cold-drawn state with generous bend radii, or hot form at 900–1050 °C; then oil quench 860–880 °C and temper 400–480 °C to the required hardness.
What surface finishes work on 60Si2Mn?
Shot peen springs for fatigue life, then phosphate + paint, powder coat or zinc/e-coat; bake after any electroplating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement — no anodising.
60Si2Mn chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.56 – 0.64 | 0.6 |
| Si | 1.5 – 2 | 1.75 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 0.9 | 0.75 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.35 | — |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.35 | — |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| P≤0.025 for grade 60Si2MnA | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| S≤0.020 for grade 60Si2MnA | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
60Si2Mn Normalized — frequently asked
What is 60Si2Mn Normalized used for?
60Si2Mn Normalized is typically used for automotive leaf springs, helical coil springs, railcar and trailer suspension springs, torsion bars, heavy spring washers and clips and clamp and retaining springs. In short: workhorse spring bar.
What is the yield strength of 60Si2Mn Normalized?
60Si2Mn Normalized has a typical yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,050 MPa (152 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is 60Si2Mn Normalized easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (36/100, worse than 81% of steel grades). Machine only in the annealed (≤302 HBW) state — the high silicon is abrasive, so use rigid setups, coated carbide and moderate speeds; grind after hardening for final size.
Can 60Si2Mn Normalized be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (18/100). Poor: 0.6 %C gives hard, crack-sensitive HAZ — avoid welding on springs; if unavoidable use 200–350 °C preheat, low-hydrogen filler and immediate post-weld temper.
What surface finishes work on 60Si2Mn Normalized?
Shot peen springs for fatigue life, then phosphate + paint, powder coat or zinc/e-coat; bake after any electroplating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement — no anodising.
Can 60Si2Mn Normalized be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form or coil in the annealed/cold-drawn state with generous bend radii, or hot form at 900–1050 °C; then oil quench 860–880 °C and temper 400–480 °C to the required hardness.
What is the maximum service temperature of 60Si2Mn Normalized?
60Si2Mn Normalized is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 60Si2Mn Normalized?
Yes — 60Si2Mn Normalized is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- GB/T 1222 (Spring steels) — SAC / (2016)
- GB/T 1222 heat-treatment and mechanical property requirements — SAC (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels (AISI 9260) — ASM International (1990)
- JIS G 4801 SUP7 (spring steel, comparable grade) — JSA (2011)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.