Steel 1035 · temper
Steel 1035 Annealed
Properties of the Annealed condition, compared with the other 1035 tempers.
Softest condition; use before heavy cold forming, deep machining or as a stress-free base for later hardening.
What is 1035 Annealed?
1035 Annealed is 1035 in the Annealed temper — softest condition; use before heavy cold forming, deep machining or as a stress-free base for later hardening. 1035 Annealed has a yield strength of 270 MPa (39.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 91% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). 1035 Annealed has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). HR is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Annealed is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 10.8 % IACS, better than 94% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 30%, better than 92% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades
- Easy to machine — 60/100, better than 83% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 62/100, better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 270 MPa (39.2 ksi), worse than 91% of steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 60 MPa·√m (54.6 ksi·√in), worse than 79% of steel grades
1035 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1035 Annealed — 11 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 1035 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
1035 Annealed has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
1035 Annealed has a yield strength of 270 MPa (39.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 91% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
1035 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 425°C (797 °F). It conducts heat at 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.9 µm/m·K (6.61 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1035 Annealed conducts electricity at 10.8 % IACS, better than 94% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 87% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1035 Annealed takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability6
1035 Annealed's machinability is good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades); weldability good (58/100); formability good (62/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 1035 tempers and conditions
1035 is also supplied in 6 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 1035 overview.
- HRDefaultDefault stock condition for bar, plate and forging blanks where scale and ±loose tolerance are acceptable.320 MPa yield · 163 HB
- Q&TUse for loaded shafts, gears blanks, couplings and fasteners up to ~40 mm section where 550–800 MPa strength with usable toughness is required.550 MPa yield · 20 HRC
- IHSelect when a wear-resistant 50–58 HRC skin is needed on a tough normalized or Q&T core, e.g. shaft journals and guide rails.550 MPa yield · 54 HRC
- CDPick for shafts, pins and screw-machine work needing higher yield, bright surface and h9/h11 size tolerance without machining.460 MPa yield · 163 HB
- NormalizedStandard condition for forgings and weldments: uniform fine grain, good strength/toughness balance without quench distortion.345 MPa yield · 163 HB
- AnnealedSoftest condition; use before heavy cold forming, deep machining or as a stress-free base for later hardening.270 MPa yield · 143 HB
Working with 1035 Annealed
Is 1035 easy to machine?
Machines well at ~65 % of 1212 with carbide or HSS; normalized or Q&T structure gives cleaner chips than annealed, and free-cutting is limited by low sulphur.
Can 1035 be welded?
Weldable by SMAW/GMAW with low-hydrogen consumables; preheat 100–200 °C for sections above ~20 mm and post-weld stress relieve to avoid HAZ hardening and cracking.
Can 1035 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forges readily at 1100–1200 °C; cold bending only in annealed/hot-rolled state with generous radii (≥2t), since 0.35 % C limits cold formability.
What surface finishes work on 1035?
No inherent corrosion protection — specify phosphate + oil, zinc plate, blackening or paint; takes chrome plating, nitriding and induction hardening well and polishes to a fair bright finish.
1035 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CSAE/AISI 1035; JIS S35C 0.32–0.38 | 0.32 – 0.38 | 0.35 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 0.9 | 0.75 |
| SiNot specified for SAE bar; per JIS S35C, DIN C35, GB/T 699 grade 35 | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| Smax (SAE); 0.035 max per JIS/GB | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Curesidual limit, GB/T 699 | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
1035 Annealed — frequently asked
What is 1035 Annealed used for?
1035 Annealed is typically used for forged gears, hand tools and bolts. In short: standard carbon steel.
What is the yield strength of 1035 Annealed?
1035 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 270 MPa (39.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 91% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is 1035 Annealed easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades). Machines well at ~65 % of 1212 with carbide or HSS; normalized or Q&T structure gives cleaner chips than annealed, and free-cutting is limited by low sulphur.
Can 1035 Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (58/100). Weldable by SMAW/GMAW with low-hydrogen consumables; preheat 100–200 °C for sections above ~20 mm and post-weld stress relieve to avoid HAZ hardening and cracking.
What surface finishes work on 1035 Annealed?
No inherent corrosion protection — specify phosphate + oil, zinc plate, blackening or paint; takes chrome plating, nitriding and induction hardening well and polishes to a fair bright finish.
Can 1035 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forges readily at 1100–1200 °C; cold bending only in annealed/hot-rolled state with generous radii (≥2t), since 0.35 % C limits cold formability.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1035 Annealed?
1035 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 425°C (797 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1035-HR and 1035-IH?
HR is the default condition — default stock condition for bar, plate and forging blanks where scale and ±loose tolerance are acceptable. IH: select when a wear-resistant 50–58 HRC skin is needed on a tough normalized or Q&T core, e.g. shaft journals and guide rails. Yield strength is 320 MPa in HR versus 550 MPa in IH.
Can FabDigit make parts in 1035 Annealed?
Yes — 1035 Annealed is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- SAE J403 Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels — SAE International (2014)
- ASTM A29/A29M Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought — ASTM (2020)
- JIS G 4051 Carbon steels for machine structural use (S35C) — JSA (2016)
- EN 10083-2 / DIN 17200 C35 (1.0501) — CEN (2006)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16 — Machining — ASM International (1989)
- Carbon steel LCI and property datasets — worldsteel / CES EduPack (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.