Steel 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled
Finish state
GB 20CrMnTi
Cheapest bar form; hardness and structure vary with section and cooling, normally re-annealed before machining.
Values for the Hot Rolled condition
Other 20CrMnTi tempers and conditions
20CrMnTi is listed in 8 conditions; see the grade overview at 20CrMnTi.
- Annealed
- Isothermal Annealed
- High-Temp Tempered
- Normalized
- Hot Rolled
- Cold Drawn
- Q&T 200C
- Carburized 58-62 HRC
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault softened for machining (≤217 HB) | Standard stock condition for bar and forgings that will be machined then carburized. | 400 | 620 | 22 | 187 HB | — |
930 °C austenitize, hold ~630 °C, air cool | Preferred pre-machining treatment for gear blanks: uniform ferrite–pearlite structure, low hardness scatter and better heat-treat dimensional stability. | 410 | 640 | 22 | 180 HB | 7.8 % IACS |
GB/T 3077 alternative delivery condition (≤217 HB) | Mill delivery softening alternative to annealing when hardness must be capped at 217 HB for machining. | 430 | 650 | 21 | 197 HB | 7.8 % IACS |
~880–920 °C, air cool | Used to refine forging structure and homogenize before final machining/carburizing; harder than annealed. | 480 | 750 | 18 | 217 HB | 7.8 % IACS |
Hot RolledThis page as-rolled bar, no post-rolling heat treatment | Cheapest bar form; hardness and structure vary with section and cooling, normally re-annealed before machining. | 500 | 780 | 16 | 20 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
cold-finished bar (annealed then drawn) | Choose for tight tolerance, bright small-diameter bar for shafts and pins with reduced machining allowance. | 650 | 780 | 10 | 22 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Q&T | The standard-specified property condition; also used for through-hardened small parts needing very high strength. | 930 | 1,180 | 12 | 40 HRC | — |
Carburized, quenched and low-temperature tempered | The service condition for gears, splines and shafts: hard wear-resistant case with tough core and high bending fatigue strength. | 950 | 1,200 | 10 | 60 HRC | — |
What is 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled?
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled is 20CrMnTi supplied in the Hot Rolled condition — cheapest bar form; hardness and structure vary with section and cooling, normally re-annealed before machining. 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled has a yield strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 780 MPa (113 ksi) — stronger than 63% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), lighter than 87% of steel grades. It melts at 1,440°C (2,624 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Hot Rolled is available on request or by drawing note.
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled properties
Typical room-temperature values for 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 20CrMnTi reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), lighter than 87% of steel grades. It melts at 1,440°C (2,624 °F).
Mechanical14
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled has a yield strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 780 MPa (113 ksi) — stronger than 63% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 43 W/m·K (24.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 51% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.7 µm/m·K (6.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled has an electrical resistivity of 2.2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled takes about 29 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 53% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled's machinability is fair (48/100, worse than 57% of steel grades); weldability fair (40/100); formability fair (45/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled
Is 20CrMnTi easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or isothermally annealed condition (≤217 HB) with carbide tooling; leave grinding stock for post-carburizing distortion, since the 58–62 HRC case can only be finished by grinding or hard turning with CBN.
Can 20CrMnTi be welded?
Poor as-welded weldability due to hardenability — preheat 200–300 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld temper; never weld carburized surfaces.
Can 20CrMnTi be formed, bent or molded?
Good hot forgeability at 1150–850 °C and acceptable cold forging/upsetting when spheroidize-annealed; avoid tight cold bends in hot-rolled or cold-drawn bar.
What surface finishes work on 20CrMnTi?
Not anodizable; protect with oil, phosphating, black oxide, zinc or nickel plating — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement of high-hardness cases.
20CrMnTi chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.17 – 0.23 | 0.2 |
| Si | 0.17 – 0.37 | 0.27 |
| Mn | 0.8 – 1.1 | 0.95 |
| Cr | 1 – 1.3 | 1.15 |
| Tigrain-refining addition | 0.04 – 0.1 | 0.07 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Niresidual max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Curesidual max | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Moresidual max | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled — frequently asked
What is 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled used for?
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled is typically used for gears, industrial drive shafts and pins. In short: carburizing Cr-Mn-Ti bar.
What is the yield strength of 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled?
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled has a typical yield strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 780 MPa (113 ksi) — stronger than 63% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (48/100, worse than 57% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or isothermally annealed condition (≤217 HB) with carbide tooling; leave grinding stock for post-carburizing distortion, since the 58–62 HRC case can only be finished by grinding or hard turning with CBN.
Can 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (40/100). Poor as-welded weldability due to hardenability — preheat 200–300 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld temper; never weld carburized surfaces.
What surface finishes work on 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled?
Not anodizable; protect with oil, phosphating, black oxide, zinc or nickel plating — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement of high-hardness cases.
Can 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled be formed, bent or molded?
Good hot forgeability at 1150–850 °C and acceptable cold forging/upsetting when spheroidize-annealed; avoid tight cold bends in hot-rolled or cold-drawn bar.
What is the maximum service temperature of 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled?
20CrMnTi Hot Rolled is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled?
Yes — 20CrMnTi Hot Rolled is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- GB/T 3077 Alloy structural steels (2015)
- GB/T 699 / GB/T 702 bar dimensions & delivery conditions — SAC (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19: Fatigue and Fracture (carburized steels) — ASM International (1996)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.