Steel 50CrV4 Oil Tempered
Heat-treated state
EN 50CrV4 · JIS SUP10
Pick oil-hardened and tempered spring wire or strip (VDCrV type) for direct coiling: high relaxation resistance and fatigue life, with only a stress-relief temper needed after coiling.
Values for the Oil Tempered condition
Other 50CrV4 tempers and conditions
50CrV4 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 50CrV4.
- Annealed
- Hot Rolled
- Normalized
- Cold Drawn
- Q&T
- Oil Tempered
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault soft (spheroidize) annealed, ≤248 HB | Pick the soft (spheroidize) annealed bar or strip at =248 HB as standard stock when parts must be machined or cold formed before quench hardening; strength is at its minimum. | 460 | 780 | 18 | 225 HB | — |
as-rolled / +AR bar and flat | Pick as-rolled (+AR) bar and flat as the cheapest delivery state for blanks that will be reheated for forging or later through quenched and tempered; service properties are uncontrolled. | 560 | 900 | 13 | 27 HRC | 8 % IACS |
+N, austenitized ~860 °C and air cooled | Use the +N state, austenitized ~860 °C and air cooled, to homogenize forgings and heavy-section blanks and remove banded segregation in preparation for final quenching and tempering. | 600 | 950 | 13 | 29 HRC | 8 % IACS |
annealed then cold drawn bar/wire (+C) | Choose annealed then cold drawn (+C) bar or wire for small diameters needing bright surface, precise size and higher strength, used directly or hardened later; elongation falls to 8%. | 720 | 900 | 8 | 27 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Choose the oil quenched and tempered 1000–1300 MPa class (≈40 HRC) for torsion bars, drive shafts, high-strength tools and medium-section spring parts needing balanced strength and toughness. | 1,050 | 1,250 | 10 | 40 HRC | 42 W/m·K |
Oil TemperedThis page oil-hardened and tempered spring wire/strip (VDCrV type) | Pick oil-hardened and tempered spring wire or strip (VDCrV type) for direct coiling: high relaxation resistance and fatigue life, with only a stress-relief temper needed after coiling. | 1,550 | 1,750 | 7 | 50 HRC | 7 % IACS |
What is 50CrV4 Oil Tempered?
50CrV4 Oil Tempered is 50CrV4 heat treated to Oil Tempered — pick oil-hardened and tempered spring wire or strip (VDCrV type) for direct coiling: high relaxation resistance and fatigue life, with only a stress-relief temper needed after coiling. 50CrV4 Oil Tempered has a yield strength of 1,550 MPa (225 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 97% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 7% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi). 50CrV4 Oil Tempered has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Oil Tempered is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 1,550 MPa (225 ksi), better than 97% of steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 65/100, better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 10/100, worse than 99% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 7%, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 25/100, worse than 93% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 78% of steel grades
50CrV4 Oil Tempered properties
Typical room-temperature values for 50CrV4 Oil Tempered; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 50CrV4 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
50CrV4 Oil Tempered has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical14
50CrV4 Oil Tempered has a yield strength of 1,550 MPa (225 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 97% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 7% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi).
Thermal6
50CrV4 Oil Tempered is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
50CrV4 Oil Tempered conducts electricity at 7 % IACS, worse than 74% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 50CrV4 Oil Tempered takes about 30 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability6
50CrV4 Oil Tempered's machinability is poor (25/100, worse than 93% of steel grades); weldability not recommended (10/100); formability poor (20/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 50CrV4 Oil Tempered
Is 50CrV4 easy to machine?
Cut annealed material (≤248 HB) with coated carbide at normal spring-steel speeds; machinability is about 60 % of 1212. Above 40 HRC switch to CBN or ceramic for hard turning, or grind, and schedule all machining before hardening.
Can 50CrV4 be welded?
Carbon equivalent is high and weldability is poor: preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables, cool slowly and temper immediately below the original tempering temperature. Finished springs should not be welded.
Can 50CrV4 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold bend, coil and head only in the spheroidise-annealed state. Forge 1050–1150 °C with finishing temperature not below 850 °C, then slow cool or normalize; harden 830–870 °C with an oil quench and temper 400–500 °C for spring hardness or 550–650 °C for Q&T strength.
What surface finishes work on 50CrV4?
Cannot be anodised; shot peening gives a large fatigue-life gain and is normally followed by phosphate plus paint, black oxide or zinc plating. Bake high-strength plated parts at 190–220 °C to remove hydrogen, and grind off any decarburised surface layer.
50CrV4 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 10089 / EN 10083-3 (1.8159) | 0.47 – 0.55 | 0.51 |
| Si | 0 – 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.7 – 1.1 | 0.9 |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Vgrain refinement + tempering resistance | 0.1 – 0.25 | 0.15 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
50CrV4 Oil Tempered — frequently asked
What is 50CrV4 Oil Tempered used for?
50CrV4 Oil Tempered is typically used for leaf springs, coil springs and springs. In short: chromium-vanadium spring bar.
What is the yield strength of 50CrV4 Oil Tempered?
50CrV4 Oil Tempered has a typical yield strength of 1,550 MPa (225 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 97% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 50CrV4 Oil Tempered easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, worse than 93% of steel grades). Cut annealed material (≤248 HB) with coated carbide at normal spring-steel speeds; machinability is about 60 % of 1212. Above 40 HRC switch to CBN or ceramic for hard turning, or grind, and schedule all machining before hardening.
Can 50CrV4 Oil Tempered be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated not recommended (10/100). Carbon equivalent is high and weldability is poor: preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables, cool slowly and temper immediately below the original tempering temperature. Finished springs should not be welded.
What surface finishes work on 50CrV4 Oil Tempered?
Cannot be anodised; shot peening gives a large fatigue-life gain and is normally followed by phosphate plus paint, black oxide or zinc plating. Bake high-strength plated parts at 190–220 °C to remove hydrogen, and grind off any decarburised surface layer.
Can 50CrV4 Oil Tempered be formed, bent or molded?
Cold bend, coil and head only in the spheroidise-annealed state. Forge 1050–1150 °C with finishing temperature not below 850 °C, then slow cool or normalize; harden 830–870 °C with an oil quench and temper 400–500 °C for spring hardness or 550–650 °C for Q&T strength.
What is the maximum service temperature of 50CrV4 Oil Tempered?
50CrV4 Oil Tempered is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 50CrV4 Oil Tempered?
Yes — 50CrV4 Oil Tempered is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10089 — Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs — CEN (2002)
- EN 10083-3 — Steels for quenching and tempering, alloy steels — CEN (2006)
- EN 10270-2 — Steel wire for mechanical springs, oil hardened and tempered — CEN (2011)
- GB/T 1222 — (50CrVA) — SAC (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels (AISI 6150) — ASM International (1990)
- Alloy spring steel 1.8159 / 51CrV4 data sheet — European long-products producer (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.