Steel 50CrV4 Normalized
Heat-treated state
EN 50CrV4 · JIS SUP10
Use the +N state, austenitized ~860 °C and air cooled, to homogenize forgings and heavy-section blanks and remove banded segregation in preparation for final quenching and tempering.
Values for the Normalized condition
Other 50CrV4 tempers and conditions
50CrV4 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 50CrV4.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault soft (spheroidize) annealed, ≤248 HB | Pick the soft (spheroidize) annealed bar or strip at =248 HB as standard stock when parts must be machined or cold formed before quench hardening; strength is at its minimum. | 460 | 780 | 18 | 225 HB | — |
as-rolled / +AR bar and flat | Pick as-rolled (+AR) bar and flat as the cheapest delivery state for blanks that will be reheated for forging or later through quenched and tempered; service properties are uncontrolled. | 560 | 900 | 13 | 27 HRC | 8 % IACS |
NormalizedThis page +N, austenitized ~860 °C and air cooled | Use the +N state, austenitized ~860 °C and air cooled, to homogenize forgings and heavy-section blanks and remove banded segregation in preparation for final quenching and tempering. | 600 | 950 | 13 | 29 HRC | 8 % IACS |
annealed then cold drawn bar/wire (+C) | Choose annealed then cold drawn (+C) bar or wire for small diameters needing bright surface, precise size and higher strength, used directly or hardened later; elongation falls to 8%. | 720 | 900 | 8 | 27 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Choose the oil quenched and tempered 1000–1300 MPa class (≈40 HRC) for torsion bars, drive shafts, high-strength tools and medium-section spring parts needing balanced strength and toughness. | 1,050 | 1,250 | 10 | 40 HRC | 42 W/m·K |
oil-hardened and tempered spring wire/strip (VDCrV type) | Pick oil-hardened and tempered spring wire or strip (VDCrV type) for direct coiling: high relaxation resistance and fatigue life, with only a stress-relief temper needed after coiling. | 1,550 | 1,750 | 7 | 50 HRC | 7 % IACS |
What is 50CrV4 Normalized?
50CrV4 Normalized is 50CrV4 heat treated to Normalized — use the +N state, austenitized ~860 °C and air cooled, to homogenize forgings and heavy-section blanks and remove banded segregation in preparation for final quenching and tempering. 50CrV4 Normalized has a yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 950 MPa (138 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). 50CrV4 Normalized has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Normalized is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 65/100, better than 78% of steel grades
- High strength — 600 MPa (87 ksi), better than 77% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 250°C (482 °F), worse than 85% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 13%, worse than 78% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 25/100, worse than 77% of steel grades
50CrV4 Normalized properties
Typical room-temperature values for 50CrV4 Normalized; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 50CrV4 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
50CrV4 Normalized has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical14
50CrV4 Normalized has a yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 950 MPa (138 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
50CrV4 Normalized is rated for continuous service to 250°C (482 °F). It conducts heat at 44 W/m·K (25.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 57% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
50CrV4 Normalized conducts electricity at 8 % IACS, better than 55% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 50CrV4 Normalized takes about 30 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability6
50CrV4 Normalized's machinability is fair (46/100, worse than 59% of steel grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability poor (32/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 50CrV4 Normalized
Is 50CrV4 easy to machine?
Cut annealed material (≤248 HB) with coated carbide at normal spring-steel speeds; machinability is about 60 % of 1212. Above 40 HRC switch to CBN or ceramic for hard turning, or grind, and schedule all machining before hardening.
Can 50CrV4 be welded?
Carbon equivalent is high and weldability is poor: preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables, cool slowly and temper immediately below the original tempering temperature. Finished springs should not be welded.
Can 50CrV4 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold bend, coil and head only in the spheroidise-annealed state. Forge 1050–1150 °C with finishing temperature not below 850 °C, then slow cool or normalize; harden 830–870 °C with an oil quench and temper 400–500 °C for spring hardness or 550–650 °C for Q&T strength.
What surface finishes work on 50CrV4?
Cannot be anodised; shot peening gives a large fatigue-life gain and is normally followed by phosphate plus paint, black oxide or zinc plating. Bake high-strength plated parts at 190–220 °C to remove hydrogen, and grind off any decarburised surface layer.
50CrV4 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 10089 / EN 10083-3 (1.8159) | 0.47 – 0.55 | 0.51 |
| Si | 0 – 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.7 – 1.1 | 0.9 |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Vgrain refinement + tempering resistance | 0.1 – 0.25 | 0.15 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
50CrV4 Normalized — frequently asked
What is 50CrV4 Normalized used for?
50CrV4 Normalized is typically used for leaf springs, coil springs and springs. In short: chromium-vanadium spring bar.
What is the yield strength of 50CrV4 Normalized?
50CrV4 Normalized has a typical yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 950 MPa (138 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 50CrV4 Normalized easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (46/100, worse than 59% of steel grades). Cut annealed material (≤248 HB) with coated carbide at normal spring-steel speeds; machinability is about 60 % of 1212. Above 40 HRC switch to CBN or ceramic for hard turning, or grind, and schedule all machining before hardening.
Can 50CrV4 Normalized be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Carbon equivalent is high and weldability is poor: preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables, cool slowly and temper immediately below the original tempering temperature. Finished springs should not be welded.
What surface finishes work on 50CrV4 Normalized?
Cannot be anodised; shot peening gives a large fatigue-life gain and is normally followed by phosphate plus paint, black oxide or zinc plating. Bake high-strength plated parts at 190–220 °C to remove hydrogen, and grind off any decarburised surface layer.
Can 50CrV4 Normalized be formed, bent or molded?
Cold bend, coil and head only in the spheroidise-annealed state. Forge 1050–1150 °C with finishing temperature not below 850 °C, then slow cool or normalize; harden 830–870 °C with an oil quench and temper 400–500 °C for spring hardness or 550–650 °C for Q&T strength.
What is the maximum service temperature of 50CrV4 Normalized?
50CrV4 Normalized is rated for continuous use to about 250°C (482 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 50CrV4 Normalized?
Yes — 50CrV4 Normalized is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10089 — Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs — CEN (2002)
- EN 10083-3 — Steels for quenching and tempering, alloy steels — CEN (2006)
- EN 10270-2 — Steel wire for mechanical springs, oil hardened and tempered — CEN (2011)
- GB/T 1222 — (50CrVA) — SAC (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels (AISI 6150) — ASM International (1990)
- Alloy spring steel 1.8159 / 51CrV4 data sheet — European long-products producer (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.