PA9T GF45
Reinforced grade
GF45 = gF45–50
Pick for maximum rigidity and lowest warpage in large or thin structural housings where flow is still acceptable.
Values for the GF45 condition
Other PA9T grades and fills
PA9T is listed in 9 conditions; see the grade overview at PA9T.
Compare all 9 grades and fillsHide
| Grade · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Impact-modified / toughened | Select where snap-fits, press-fit terminals or drop impact demand ductility at the cost of stiffness and HDT. | 58 | 65 | 120 | 72 Shore D |
NEATDefault Unfilled / Natural | Choose when toughness, low moisture uptake and dielectric stability matter more than stiffness or reflow-level HDT. | 80 | 85 | 60 | 80 Shore D |
Mineral / mineral+glass filled | Use for flat, dimensionally critical parts (LED reflectors, SMT sockets) where isotropic shrinkage and surface quality beat peak strength. | — | 130 | 2.2 | 96 HRM |
ESD / conductive | Use for wafer/IC handling trays and fixtures needing 10^4–10^9 Ω surface resistivity with reflow-level heat resistance. | — | 150 | 2 | 98 HRM |
FR V-0 | Required for UL 94 V-0 at thin wall in relays, breakers and connector housings; slightly lower strength and flow than plain GF. | — | 160 | 2 | 98 HRM |
Heat-stabilized (long-term heat aging) glass reinforced | For under-hood and LED/power-module parts held above 130 °C for thousands of hours; mechanical values equal GF33 when new. | — | 190 | 2.4 | 100 HRM |
GF30–33 | The mainstream electronics grade: reflow-capable HDT near 285 °C with good flow for thin-wall connectors. | — | 195 | 2.5 | 100 HRM |
GF45This page GF45–50 | Pick for maximum rigidity and lowest warpage in large or thin structural housings where flow is still acceptable. | — | 220 | 2 | — |
Carbon-fiber reinforced | Highest specific stiffness plus static-dissipative behavior for lightweight housings and handling tooling. | — | 230 | 1.6 | — |
What is PA9T GF45?
PA9T GF45 is PA9T in the GF45 grade — pick for maximum rigidity and lowest warpage in large or thin structural housings where flow is still acceptable. PA9T GF45 has a yield strength of 80 MPa (11.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) — stronger than 88% of polymer grades. Elongation at break is 2% and the elastic modulus is 15 GPa (2.18 Msi). PA9T GF45 has a density of 1.6 g/cm³ (0.0578 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of polymer grades. Its glass-transition temperature is 125°C (257 °F). NEAT is the default condition FabDigit quotes; GF45 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Stiff — 15 GPa (2.18 Msi), better than 99% of polymer grades
- Low, predictable mold shrinkage — 0.25%, better than 93% of polymer grades
- High strength — 80 MPa (11.6 ksi), better than 88% of polymer grades
- High service temperature — 155°C (311 °F), better than 81% of polymer grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 2%, worse than 95% of polymer grades
- Heavy — 1.6 g/cm³ (0.0578 lb/in³), worse than 92% of polymer grades
- Difficult to machine — 38/100, worse than 83% of polymer grades
- High embodied carbon — 8 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 83% of polymer grades
PA9T GF45 properties
Typical room-temperature values for PA9T GF45; 12 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are PA9T reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among polymer grades.
Physical5
PA9T GF45 has a density of 1.6 g/cm³ (0.0578 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of polymer grades. Its glass-transition temperature is 125°C (257 °F).
Mechanical13
PA9T GF45 has a yield strength of 80 MPa (11.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) — stronger than 88% of polymer grades. Elongation at break is 2% and the elastic modulus is 15 GPa (2.18 Msi).
Thermal11
PA9T GF45 is rated for continuous service to 155°C (311 °F). It conducts heat at 0.25 W/m·K (0.144 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 72% of polymer grades. Thermal expansion is 20 µm/m·K (11.1 µin/in·°F).
Electrical7
PA9T GF45 is an electrical insulator with a dielectric strength of 25 kV/mm (635 V/mil) and a resistivity of 1×10¹³ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (82/100), better than 56% of polymer grades. UV resistance is fair.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of PA9T GF45 takes about 135 MJ of energy and emits 8 kg of CO₂ — more than 79% of polymer grades. Typical recycled content is 0%.
Manufacturability7
PA9T GF45's machinability is fair (38/100, worse than 83% of polymer grades); weldability good (55/100); formability fair (40/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with PA9T GF45
Is PA9T easy to machine?
Machines like a stiff nylon — sharp carbide/PCD tools, high speed and light feeds; glass- and carbon-filled compounds are abrasive and wear standard HSS quickly, and thick stock must be relieved of molding stress before close-tolerance work.
Can PA9T be welded?
Joined by ultrasonic, vibration, laser transmission or hot-plate welding at melt temperatures near 300 °C; no solvent bonding, and adhesive joints need plasma or flame pretreatment because of the low-energy, low-absorption surface.
Can PA9T be formed, bent or molded?
Injection mold at 300–325 °C melt with 130–150 °C mold and hot-runner/insulated barrel control; dry to <0.05 % moisture (80–100 °C, 4–6 h) and purge promptly since long residence above 330 °C causes discoloration and gassing.
What surface finishes work on PA9T?
Takes laser marking, pad printing and painting well after cleaning; low water uptake gives stable plated/insert-molded assemblies, and molded-in gloss from polished tools is generally preferred over post-polishing on filled grades.
PA9T chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) |
|---|---|
| terephthalic acid unit (TPA)aromatic diacid segment, mol% of repeat unit | ≈ 50 |
| 1,9-nonanediamineprincipal diamine (typ. ~80 mol% of diamine fraction) | ≈ 40 |
| 2-methyl-1,8-octanediaminebranched co-diamine used to control crystallinity/melting point | ≈ 10 |
| glass fiber0 in unfilled default; 30–50 wt% in GF variants | ≈ 0 |
| heat stabilizers / lubricants / pigmenttypical additive package | ≈ 0.5 |
PA9T GF45 — frequently asked
What is PA9T GF45 used for?
PA9T GF45 is typically used for SMT connectors, automotive under-hood parts and electronic housings. In short: solder-reflow capable nylon; low moisture uptake; PPA-class heat resistance.
What is the yield strength of PA9T GF45?
PA9T GF45 has a typical yield strength of 80 MPa (11.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) — stronger than 88% of polymer grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 9 listed tempers.
Is PA9T GF45 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, worse than 83% of polymer grades). Machines like a stiff nylon — sharp carbide/PCD tools, high speed and light feeds; glass- and carbon-filled compounds are abrasive and wear standard HSS quickly, and thick stock must be relieved of molding stress before close-tolerance work.
Can PA9T GF45 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (55/100). Joined by ultrasonic, vibration, laser transmission or hot-plate welding at melt temperatures near 300 °C; no solvent bonding, and adhesive joints need plasma or flame pretreatment because of the low-energy, low-absorption surface.
What surface finishes work on PA9T GF45?
Takes laser marking, pad printing and painting well after cleaning; low water uptake gives stable plated/insert-molded assemblies, and molded-in gloss from polished tools is generally preferred over post-polishing on filled grades.
Can PA9T GF45 be formed, bent or molded?
Injection mold at 300–325 °C melt with 130–150 °C mold and hot-runner/insulated barrel control; dry to <0.05 % moisture (80–100 °C, 4–6 h) and purge promptly since long residence above 330 °C causes discoloration and gassing.
What is the maximum service temperature of PA9T GF45?
PA9T GF45 is rated for continuous use to about 155°C (311 °F), and briefly to 270°C. Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between PA9T NEAT and PA9T IM?
NEAT is the default condition — choose when toughness, low moisture uptake and dielectric stability matter more than stiffness or reflow-level HDT. IM: select where snap-fits, press-fit terminals or drop impact demand ductility at the cost of stiffness and HDT. Yield strength is 80 MPa in NEAT versus 58 MPa in IM.
Sources
- Genestar PA9T heat-resistant polyamide grade data — Kuraray (2023)
- CAMPUS plastics data — semi-aromatic polyamide (PPA/PA9T) grades — CAMPUS / CWFG (2023)
- Engineering Plastics Handbook — high-temperature polyamides — McGraw-Hill (2006)
- ISO 527 / ISO 178 / ISO 75 / ASTM D256 test methods for plastics — ISO / ASTM (2019)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.