Nickel Alloy M35-2
UNS J04020 · ASTM A494 M35-2
M35-2 is a cast nickel-copper Monel-type grade (UNS J04020, ASTM A494 M35-2) with silicon and carbon limits adjusted relative to M35-1 for foundry and strength reasons, corresponding broadly to wrought Monel 400.
Reference datasheet — M35-2 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the AC condition
M35-2 tempers and conditions
M35-2 is supplied in 3 conditions, soft to hard. AC is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Used to maximize ductility, homogenize dendritic segregation and improve corrosion uniformity before service in aggressive brines. | 210 | 470 | 37 | 118 HB | 3 % IACS |
Stress relieved | Choose when weld repairs or heavy machining have introduced residual stress, or to reduce distortion in thin-wall castings. | 220 | 480 | 34 | 125 HB | 3 % IACS |
ACDefault Spheroidize annealed | Default condition for pump casings, valve bodies and impellers; no heat treatment specified by A494. | 235 | 490 | 32 | 130 HB | 2.9 % IACS |
What is M35-2?
M35-2 is a cast nickel-copper Monel-type grade (UNS J04020, ASTM A494 M35-2) with silicon and carbon limits adjusted relative to M35-1 for foundry and strength reasons, corresponding broadly to wrought Monel 400. It is used for cast pump and valve bodies, marine hardware and chemical service fittings, giving 235 MPa yield, 490 MPa tensile, 32 % elongation and about 130 HB as cast. With no chromium it is unsuited to oxidizing acids, service is limited to 480 °C, and the higher Si and S limits make it more hot-crack prone than M35-1, which is the better choice when extensive weld repair is planned. M35-2 has a density of 8.8 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³), heavier than 81% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,315°C (2,399 °F). M35-2 has a yield strength of 235 MPa (34.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 91% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 32% and the elastic modulus is 150 GPa (21.8 Msi).
What is M35-2 used for?
- pump and valve castings
- marine hardware
- chemical service fittings
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 35/100, better than 97% of nickel alloy grades
- Conducts heat well — 20 W/m·K (11.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of nickel alloy grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 86% of nickel alloy grades
Limitations
- Low stiffness — 150 GPa (21.8 Msi), worse than 95% of nickel alloy grades
- Low strength — 235 MPa (34.1 ksi), worse than 91% of nickel alloy grades
- Limited service temperature — 480°C (896 °F), worse than 82% of nickel alloy grades
- Low fracture toughness — 85 MPa·√m (77.4 ksi·√in), worse than 75% of nickel alloy grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 75% of nickel alloy grades
M35-2 properties
Typical room-temperature values for M35-2-AC; bars are the position among nickel alloy grades.
Physical3
M35-2 has a density of 8.8 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³), heavier than 81% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,315°C (2,399 °F).
Mechanical16
M35-2 has a yield strength of 235 MPa (34.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 91% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 32% and the elastic modulus is 150 GPa (21.8 Msi).
Thermal6
M35-2 is rated for continuous service to 480°C (896 °F). It conducts heat at 20 W/m·K (11.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of nickel alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 13.9 µm/m·K (7.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
M35-2 conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 86% of nickel alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (75/100), worse than 63% of nickel alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of M35-2 takes about 150 MJ of energy and emits 12 kg of CO₂ — less than 68% of nickel alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability8
M35-2's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 97% of nickel alloy grades); weldability very good (70/100); formability poor (20/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the nickel alloy family
Yield strength against density for every nickel alloy grade FabDigit runs. M35-2 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with M35-2
Is M35-2 easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds at low speed (25–40 m/min) with flood coolant; the higher Si content helps chip breaking slightly versus M35-1.
Can M35-2 be welded?
Weld with ERNiCu-7/ENiCu-7 consumables using low heat input and no preheat; the higher Si/S limits of M35-2 make it more hot-crack prone than M35-1, so specify M35-1 where extensive weld repair is expected.
Can M35-2 be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or investment casting only — good fluidity from Si, but use generous risers and directional solidification because of the long freezing range and shrinkage tendency.
M35-2 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cmax per ASTM A494 | ≤ 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Mn | ≤ 1.5 | 1 |
| Sihigher than M35-1 (1.25 max) for fluidity/strength | ≤ 2 | 1.6 |
| Cu | 26 – 33 | 30 |
| Fe | ≤ 3.5 | 2 |
| Nbcolumbium, max | ≤ 0.5 | |
| Shigher allowance than M35-1 | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Nibalance, approx. 63–70% | balance |
What surface finishes work on M35-2?
Pickle/passivate after machining, then polish or shot-blast; not anodizable — electroless nickel or PTFE coatings are used only where wear resistance is needed.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on nickel alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Nickel Alloy M35-2 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- J04020
- ASTM
- A494 M35-2
- Similar grades
- N04400
How much does M35-2 cost?
M35-2 is a high-cost nickel alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
M35-2 — frequently asked
What is M35-2 used for?
M35-2 is typically used for pump and valve castings, marine hardware and chemical service fittings. In short: general-purpose cast Monel 400; better fluidity than M35-1; more hot-crack prone than M35-1.
What is the yield strength of M35-2?
M35-2 has a typical yield strength of 235 MPa (34.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 91% of nickel alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is M35-2 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 97% of nickel alloy grades). Gummy and work-hardening — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds at low speed (25–40 m/min) with flood coolant; the higher Si content helps chip breaking slightly versus M35-1.
Can M35-2 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (70/100). Weld with ERNiCu-7/ENiCu-7 consumables using low heat input and no preheat; the higher Si/S limits of M35-2 make it more hot-crack prone than M35-1, so specify M35-1 where extensive weld repair is expected.
What surface finishes work on M35-2?
Pickle/passivate after machining, then polish or shot-blast; not anodizable — electroless nickel or PTFE coatings are used only where wear resistance is needed.
Can M35-2 be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or investment casting only — good fluidity from Si, but use generous risers and directional solidification because of the long freezing range and shrinkage tendency.
What is the maximum service temperature of M35-2?
M35-2 is rated for continuous use to about 480°C (896 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between M35-2-AC and M35-2-ANN?
AC is the default condition — default condition for pump casings, valve bodies and impellers; no heat treatment specified by A494. ANN: used to maximize ductility, homogenize dendritic segregation and improve corrosion uniformity before service in aggressive brines. Yield strength is 235 MPa in AC versus 210 MPa in ANN.
How much does M35-2 cost?
M35-2 is a high-cost nickel alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM A494/A494M — Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy — ASTM International (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 15 — Casting — ASM International (2008)
- Monel alloy 400 technical bulletin — Special Metals Corporation (2005)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.