Steel SUJ5 NORM
Heat-treated state
JIS SUJ5
NORM = normalized
Used to break up carbide networks and banding in heavy forged sections before spheroidizing; not a supply condition for machining.
Values for the NORM condition
Other SUJ5 tempers and conditions
SUJ5 is listed in 8 conditions; see the grade overview at SUJ5.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANNDefault Annealed | Standard stocking condition for bar/tube: soft spheroidized structure for turning, cold forming and ring rolling before hardening. | 410 | 660 | 22 | 197 HB | 44 W/m·K |
Hot rolled | Mill as-rolled bar or billet destined for forging and subsequent spheroidizing; too hard and lamellar for direct machining. | 560 | 950 | 12 | 32 HRC | 7.5 % IACS |
NORMThis page Normalized | Used to break up carbide networks and banding in heavy forged sections before spheroidizing; not a supply condition for machining. | 600 | 1,000 | 11 | 33 HRC | 7.5 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Precision-size bright bar for automatic-lathe parts and roller blanks; slightly harder and straighter than annealed hot-rolled. | 620 | 780 | 12 | 21 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Through hardened & tempered 58–62 HRC | Standard bearing hardness for raceways and rollers; the Mo addition lets this be reached in section sizes well beyond SUJ2 capability. | 1,750 | 2,150 | 1 | 60 HRC | 34 W/m·K |
Hardened + dimensional-stabilizing temper | Choose when the bearing runs hot (up to ~150–200 °C) and dimensional growth from retained austenite must be suppressed. | — | 2,000 | 1.5 | 58 HRC | 35 W/m·K |
Bainite hardened | Isothermal lower-bainite treatment for large rings and shock-loaded or contaminated-lubrication bearings; more toughness and surface compressive stress at similar hardness. | — | 2,100 | 2 | 59 HRC | 35 W/m·K |
Through hardened & tempered 60–64 HRC | Maximum wear resistance and contact fatigue life for clean, low-shock applications; least tough of the hardened conditions. | — | 2,350 | 0.5 | 62 HRC | 34 W/m·K |
What is SUJ5 NORM?
SUJ5 NORM is SUJ5 heat treated to NORM — used to break up carbide networks and banding in heavy forged sections before spheroidizing; not a supply condition for machining. SUJ5 NORM has a yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). SUJ5 NORM has a density of 7.81 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), lighter than 84% of steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). ANN is the default condition FabDigit quotes; NORM is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 85/100, better than 99% of steel grades
- High strength — 600 MPa (87 ksi), better than 77% of steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 3/100, worse than 100% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 18/100, worse than 97% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 10/100, worse than 95% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 200°C (392 °F), worse than 93% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 11%, worse than 89% of steel grades
SUJ5 NORM properties
Typical room-temperature values for SUJ5 NORM; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are SUJ5 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
SUJ5 NORM has a density of 7.81 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), lighter than 84% of steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical15
SUJ5 NORM has a yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
SUJ5 NORM is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.5 µm/m·K (6.94 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
SUJ5 NORM conducts electricity at 7.5 % IACS, worse than 67% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of SUJ5 NORM takes about 32 MJ of energy and emits 2.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
SUJ5 NORM's machinability is poor (18/100, worse than 97% of steel grades); weldability not recommended (3/100); formability not recommended (10/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with SUJ5 NORM
Is SUJ5 easy to machine?
Machine only in the spheroidize-annealed condition with rigid setups and coated carbide (~30 % of AISI 1212); after hardening use CBN hard turning or grinding.
Can SUJ5 be welded?
Effectively unweldable at ~1 % C — cracks and untempered martensite are unavoidable; if a joint is unavoidable use preheat 300–400 °C, low-hydrogen filler and immediate post-weld temper.
Can SUJ5 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold heading and ring rolling need a fully spheroidized microstructure; hot forge 1050–1150 °C, finish above 900 °C and slow-cool or spheroidize immediately to avoid carbide networks and flaking.
What surface finishes work on SUJ5?
Grind and lap to raceway finishes (Ra 0.05–0.2 µm); protect the bare surface with black oxide, manganese phosphate, thin-dense chrome or oil/VCI since the alloy has essentially no corrosion resistance.
SUJ5 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.95 – 1.1 | 1.02 |
| Siraised Si improves hardenability and temper resistance | 0.4 – 0.7 | 0.55 |
| Mn | 0.9 – 1.15 | 1 |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Modeep hardenability, distinguishes SUJ5 from SUJ3 | 0.1 – 0.25 | 0.18 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cumax; Cu+Ni ≤ 0.50 | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Ni | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Obearing-quality total oxygen limit | ≤ 0 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
SUJ5 NORM — frequently asked
What is SUJ5 NORM used for?
SUJ5 NORM is typically used for very large bearing rings, heavy industrial and mill rollers, slewing ring raceways, thick-walled tapered roller cups, rolling mill backup roll bearings and large cam followers and track wheels. In short: deepest-hardening SUJ grade; for very large sections; 200 °C service limit.
What is the yield strength of SUJ5 NORM?
SUJ5 NORM has a typical yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is SUJ5 NORM easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (18/100, worse than 97% of steel grades). Machine only in the spheroidize-annealed condition with rigid setups and coated carbide (~30 % of AISI 1212); after hardening use CBN hard turning or grinding.
Can SUJ5 NORM be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated not recommended (3/100). Effectively unweldable at ~1 % C — cracks and untempered martensite are unavoidable; if a joint is unavoidable use preheat 300–400 °C, low-hydrogen filler and immediate post-weld temper.
What surface finishes work on SUJ5 NORM?
Grind and lap to raceway finishes (Ra 0.05–0.2 µm); protect the bare surface with black oxide, manganese phosphate, thin-dense chrome or oil/VCI since the alloy has essentially no corrosion resistance.
Can SUJ5 NORM be formed, bent or molded?
Cold heading and ring rolling need a fully spheroidized microstructure; hot forge 1050–1150 °C, finish above 900 °C and slow-cool or spheroidize immediately to avoid carbide networks and flaking.
What is the maximum service temperature of SUJ5 NORM?
SUJ5 NORM is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between SUJ5-ANN and SUJ5 QT58-62?
ANN is the default condition — standard stocking condition for bar/tube: soft spheroidized structure for turning, cold forming and ring rolling before hardening. QT58-62: standard bearing hardness for raceways and rollers; the Mo addition lets this be reached in section sizes well beyond SUJ2 capability. Yield strength is 410 MPa in ANN versus 1,750 MPa in QT58-62.
Sources
- JIS G 4805 High carbon chromium bearing steels — JSA (2019)
- ASTM A485 Standard Specification for High Hardenability Antifriction Bearing Steel — ASTM (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating (bearing steel practice) — ASM International (1991)
- Bearing steel bar datasheets (Sanyo Special Steel / Ovako / Sandvik) — various producers (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.