Steel SKS93 CW-Hard
Supply condition
JIS SKS93
CW-Hard = cold Worked
Work-hardened strip used where a stiff spring-like temper is enough without quenching.
Values for the CW-Hard condition
Other SKS93 tempers and conditions
SKS93 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at SKS93.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
soft strip for blanking and forming | Bright cold-rolled soft strip for stamped blades and blanks that are hardened after forming. | 430 | 700 | 20 | 11 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
AnnealedDefault spheroidize/soft annealed (as-supplied bar, strip, plate) | Default stock condition for machining, blanking and pre-heat-treatment fabrication (≤217 HB). | 450 | 750 | 17 | 200 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Mill as-rolled condition — harder and less machinable; normally annealed before use. | 520 | 900 | 10 | 25 HRC | 8.5 % IACS |
CW-HardThis page Cold Worked | Work-hardened strip used where a stiff spring-like temper is enough without quenching. | 950 | 1,100 | 3 | 33 HRC | 8.4 % IACS |
Oil quenched, tempered ~250–300 °C | Tougher tempered condition for saw blades, scrapers and thin springy tools needing bend tolerance. | 1,650 | 1,900 | 2 | 56 HRC | — |
Oil quenched, tempered ~200 °C | Balanced hardness/toughness for cutters, gauges and small blanking dies. | 1,850 | 2,100 | 1 | 60 HRC | — |
Oil quenched 790–820 °C, stress-relief tempered 150–180 °C | Maximum-hardness condition (JIS quench requirement ≥63 HRC) for keen cutting edges and wear surfaces; lowest toughness. | — | 2,300 | 0.5 | 63 HRC | — |
What is SKS93 CW-Hard?
SKS93 CW-Hard is SKS93 supplied in the CW-Hard condition — work-hardened strip used where a stiff spring-like temper is enough without quenching. SKS93 CW-Hard has a yield strength of 950 MPa (138 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi) — stronger than 91% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). SKS93 CW-Hard has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CW-Hard is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 75/100, better than 94% of steel grades
- High strength — 950 MPa (138 ksi), better than 91% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 3%, worse than 99% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 180°C (356 °F), worse than 98% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 12/100, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 33/100, worse than 86% of steel grades
- Poor heat conductor — 33 W/m·K (19.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of steel grades
SKS93 CW-Hard properties
Typical room-temperature values for SKS93 CW-Hard; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are SKS93 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
SKS93 CW-Hard has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical15
SKS93 CW-Hard has a yield strength of 950 MPa (138 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi) — stronger than 91% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
SKS93 CW-Hard is rated for continuous service to 180°C (356 °F). It conducts heat at 33 W/m·K (19.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.8 µm/m·K (6.56 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
SKS93 CW-Hard conducts electricity at 8.4 % IACS, better than 62% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of SKS93 CW-Hard takes about 34 MJ of energy and emits 2.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
SKS93 CW-Hard's machinability is poor (33/100, worse than 86% of steel grades); weldability not recommended (12/100); formability poor (20/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with SKS93 CW-Hard
Is SKS93 easy to machine?
Machine only in the annealed (≤217 HB) state with sharp carbide or HSS-Co tooling and modest speeds; hardened material needs grinding, EDM or CBN.
Can SKS93 be welded?
Poor weldability — high carbon promotes cracking; if unavoidable, preheat 250–350 °C, use matching/low-hydrogen filler and temper immediately after welding.
Can SKS93 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form, bend and blank in the soft annealed strip condition; harden after forming, and stress-relieve heavily worked blanks before quenching to limit distortion.
What surface finishes work on SKS93?
Grind and polish after hardening to a fine edge; protect with oil, black oxide, phosphate or thin chrome/nitride coating since the bare steel rusts quickly.
SKS93 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 1 – 1.1 | 1.05 |
| Sisome secondary tables list Si ≤0.50 | 0.1 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.8 – 1.1 | 0.95 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 0.2 – 0.6 | 0.4 |
| W | 0.5 – 1 | 0.75 |
| Curesidual max | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Niresidual max | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
SKS93 CW-Hard — frequently asked
What is SKS93 CW-Hard used for?
SKS93 CW-Hard is typically used for hand saw and band saw blades, thin-blade cutting knives, scrapers and putty blades, small blanking and piercing dies, measuring gauges and straight edges and hand tool blades and chisels. In short: oil-hardening tool steel.
What is the yield strength of SKS93 CW-Hard?
SKS93 CW-Hard has a typical yield strength of 950 MPa (138 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi) — stronger than 91% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is SKS93 CW-Hard easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (33/100, worse than 86% of steel grades). Machine only in the annealed (≤217 HB) state with sharp carbide or HSS-Co tooling and modest speeds; hardened material needs grinding, EDM or CBN.
Can SKS93 CW-Hard be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated not recommended (12/100). Poor weldability — high carbon promotes cracking; if unavoidable, preheat 250–350 °C, use matching/low-hydrogen filler and temper immediately after welding.
What surface finishes work on SKS93 CW-Hard?
Grind and polish after hardening to a fine edge; protect with oil, black oxide, phosphate or thin chrome/nitride coating since the bare steel rusts quickly.
Can SKS93 CW-Hard be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form, bend and blank in the soft annealed strip condition; harden after forming, and stress-relieve heavily worked blanks before quenching to limit distortion.
What is the maximum service temperature of SKS93 CW-Hard?
SKS93 CW-Hard is rated for continuous use to about 180°C (356 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between SKS93 Annealed and SKS93 CW-Hard?
Annealed is the default condition — default stock condition for machining, blanking and pre-heat-treatment fabrication (≤217 HB). CW-Hard: work-hardened strip used where a stiff spring-like temper is enough without quenching. Yield strength is 450 MPa in Annealed versus 950 MPa in CW-Hard.
Can FabDigit make parts in SKS93 CW-Hard?
Yes — SKS93 CW-Hard is available for CNC machining; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- JIS G 4404 — Alloy tool steels — Japanese Standards Association (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (tool steels) — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 16 — Machining — ASM International (1989)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 4 — Heat Treating (tool steel hardening practice) — ASM International (1991)
- GB/T 1299 — (comparison of alloy tool steel grades) — SAC (China) (2014)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.