Titanium Ti Grade 12 CWSR
Heat-treated state
UNS R53400 · EN 3.7105 · GB TA10
CWSR = cold worked and stress relieved
Choose for higher strength and tighter tolerance in drawn bar, wire and small-diameter tube; ductility and formability are reduced.
Values for the CWSR condition
Other Ti Grade 12 tempers and conditions
Ti Grade 12 is listed in 3 conditions; see the grade overview at Ti Grade 12.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANNDefault Annealed | Standard stock condition for ASTM B265/B348/B338 Grade 12; best combination of ductility, weldability and corrosion resistance. | 450 | 550 | 22 | 200 HB | — |
Hot worked / as-rolled | Heavy plate, forgings and large bar supplied hot-worked; properties similar to annealed but with more scatter and residual stress. | 460 | 560 | 20 | 210 HB | 3.3 % IACS |
CWSRThis page Cold worked and stress relieved | Choose for higher strength and tighter tolerance in drawn bar, wire and small-diameter tube; ductility and formability are reduced. | 580 | 660 | 15 | 22 HRC | — |
What is Ti Grade 12 CWSR?
Ti Grade 12 CWSR is Ti Grade 12 heat treated to CWSR — choose for higher strength and tighter tolerance in drawn bar, wire and small-diameter tube; ductility and formability are reduced. Ti Grade 12 CWSR has a yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — weaker than 51% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi). Ti Grade 12 CWSR has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,650°C (3,002 °F). ANN is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CWSR is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 19 W/m·K (11 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of titanium grades
- High electrical conductivity — 3.3 % IACS, better than 92% of titanium grades
Ti Grade 12 CWSR properties
Typical room-temperature values for Ti Grade 12 CWSR; 11 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Ti Grade 12 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
Ti Grade 12 CWSR has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,650°C (3,002 °F).
Mechanical16
Ti Grade 12 CWSR has a yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — weaker than 51% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
Ti Grade 12 CWSR is rated for continuous service to 315°C (599 °F). It conducts heat at 19 W/m·K (11 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 9.5 µm/m·K (5.28 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Ti Grade 12 CWSR conducts electricity at 3.3 % IACS, better than 92% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (92/100), better than 53% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Ti Grade 12 CWSR takes about 680 MJ of energy and emits 44 kg of CO₂ — more than 51% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Ti Grade 12 CWSR's machinability is poor (33/100, better than 74% of titanium grades); weldability very good (80/100); formability fair (35/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with Ti Grade 12 CWSR
Is Ti Grade 12 easy to machine?
Machine like CP Ti but slightly harder: low surface speed (20–35 m/min carbide), heavy positive-rake sharp tools, rigid setup, generous flood coolant and no dwelling to avoid work hardening and galling.
Can Ti Grade 12 be welded?
Excellent GTAW/GMAW/plasma/EB weldability with matching Grade 12 filler; requires full argon/helium inert shielding of pool, root and trailing zone until below ~400 °C — a straw or blue weld colour means contamination.
Can Ti Grade 12 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with larger bend radii (≈3–4t) and 20–30 % more springback allowance than Grade 2; hot forming at 400–600 °C followed by descaling and pickling gives best results for heads and tube bends.
What surface finishes work on Ti Grade 12?
Pickle in HNO3/HF after hot work to remove alpha case; passivates naturally, accepts colour anodizing and glass-bead or abrasive polishing — avoid iron contamination from steel tooling and grit.
Ti Grade 12 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Mo | 0.2 – 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Ni | 0.6 – 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| O | ≤ 0.25 | 0.15 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| N | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Hmax (sheet/plate; lower limits apply to some forms) | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Residuals each0.4 % total | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Ti | balance | — |
Ti Grade 12 CWSR — frequently asked
What is Ti Grade 12 CWSR used for?
Ti Grade 12 CWSR is typically used for heat exchanger tubing, hydrometallurgical equipment, condenser tubes and marine and offshore piping. In short: stainless-like strength, titanium corrosion; lower cost than Pd grades; higher service temperature: 315 °C.
What is the yield strength of Ti Grade 12 CWSR?
Ti Grade 12 CWSR has a typical yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — weaker than 51% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is Ti Grade 12 CWSR easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (33/100, better than 74% of titanium grades). Machine like CP Ti but slightly harder: low surface speed (20–35 m/min carbide), heavy positive-rake sharp tools, rigid setup, generous flood coolant and no dwelling to avoid work hardening and galling.
Can Ti Grade 12 CWSR be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (80/100). Excellent GTAW/GMAW/plasma/EB weldability with matching Grade 12 filler; requires full argon/helium inert shielding of pool, root and trailing zone until below ~400 °C — a straw or blue weld colour means contamination.
What surface finishes work on Ti Grade 12 CWSR?
Pickle in HNO3/HF after hot work to remove alpha case; passivates naturally, accepts colour anodizing and glass-bead or abrasive polishing — avoid iron contamination from steel tooling and grit.
Can Ti Grade 12 CWSR be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with larger bend radii (≈3–4t) and 20–30 % more springback allowance than Grade 2; hot forming at 400–600 °C followed by descaling and pickling gives best results for heads and tube bends.
What is the maximum service temperature of Ti Grade 12 CWSR?
Ti Grade 12 CWSR is rated for continuous use to about 315°C (599 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Ti Grade 12-ANN and Ti Grade 12 CWSR?
ANN is the default condition — standard stock condition for ASTM B265/B348/B338 Grade 12; best combination of ductility, weldability and corrosion resistance. CWSR: choose for higher strength and tighter tolerance in drawn bar, wire and small-diameter tube; ductility and formability are reduced. Yield strength is 450 MPa in ANN versus 580 MPa in CWSR.
Sources
- ASTM B265 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate — ASTM International (2020)
- ASTM B348 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets — ASTM International (2021)
- ASTM B338 / B861 / B862 — Titanium Tube and Pipe — ASTM International (2022)
- GB/T 3621 (TA10) — SAC (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials (Titanium) — ASM International (2005)
- ATI / TIMET Grade 12 (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) technical data sheet — ATI Specialty Materials (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.