Nickel 201
UNS N02201 · ASTM B160 · EN 2.4068 · GB N4
Nickel 201 is the low-carbon grade of commercially pure nickel (N02201, 2.4068, N4, ASTM B160), the counterpart of Nickel 200 for service above 315 °C where graphitic carbon embrittlement would otherwise occur.
Reference datasheet — Nickel 201 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the ANN condition
Nickel 201 tempers and conditions
Nickel 201 is supplied in 8 conditions, soft to hard. ANN is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANNDefault Annealed | Default stock condition: maximum ductility for deep drawing, spinning, bending and welded fabrication of caustic/chemical equipment. | 105 | 415 | 47 | 90 HB | — |
Hot Worked / Hot Finished | Choose for heavy plate, forgings and large bar where a soft anneal is unnecessary; slightly stronger than annealed with residual hot-work structure. | 165 | 450 | 42 | 115 HB | — |
Strain hardened, half hard | Use when a little extra stiffness and flatness are wanted but the part still needs moderate bending and forming. | 275 | 460 | 25 | 130 HB | — |
Quarter Hard | Lightly cold-worked low-carbon pure nickel with strength between annealed and half-hard temper, retaining good ductility and formability for bending and drawing. | 310 | 490 | 25 | 150 HB | 17 % IACS |
Cold Drawn, Stress Relieved | Common bar/tube condition: cold-drawn strength with residual stresses relieved for straightness and dimensional stability in machining. | 350 | 500 | 20 | 150 HB | — |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, half hard | Balanced strength/formability temper for springy clips, formed strip parts and machined components needing better chip control. | 380 | 510 | 15 | 160 HB | — |
Strain hardened and stabilized, half hard | For flat springs, diaphragms and stamped parts that need high yield strength with only mild bending. | 460 | 560 | 8 | 185 HB | — |
Strain hardened and stabilized, full hard | Highest strength and hardness available without heat treatment; for spring strip, wire and wear surfaces where forming is limited to flat blanking. | 550 | 620 | 4 | 20 HRC | — |
What is Nickel 201?
Nickel 201 is the low-carbon grade of commercially pure nickel (N02201, 2.4068, N4, ASTM B160), the counterpart of Nickel 200 for service above 315 °C where graphitic carbon embrittlement would otherwise occur. It is chosen for hot caustic and chemical duty and for electrical and electron-tube parts, and is stocked as sheet, plate, strip, rod, tube and wire from annealed to H38: 105 MPa yield, 415 MPa tensile, 47 % elongation and 90 HB (45 HRB) annealed, usable to 650 °C. Strength is low and sulfur-bearing atmospheres embrittle it; below 315 °C, Nickel 200 is the cheaper choice. Nickel 201 has a density of 8.89 g/cm³ (0.321 lb/in³), heavier than 88% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,435°C (2,615 °F). Nickel 201 has a yield strength of 105 MPa (15.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 100% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 47% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
What is Nickel 201 used for?
- high-temperature caustic evaporators
- electron tube components
- furnace parts
Advantages
- Forms and bends easily — 92/100, better than 99% of nickel alloy grades
- Conducts heat well — 79 W/m·K (45.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of nickel alloy grades
- High electrical conductivity — 20 % IACS, better than 98% of nickel alloy grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 80/100, better than 97% of nickel alloy grades
- Easy to machine — 30/100, better than 90% of nickel alloy grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 105 MPa (15.2 ksi), worse than 100% of nickel alloy grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 68/100, worse than 82% of nickel alloy grades
Nickel 201 properties
Typical room-temperature values for Nickel 201-ANN; bars are the position among nickel alloy grades.
Physical3
Nickel 201 has a density of 8.89 g/cm³ (0.321 lb/in³), heavier than 88% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,435°C (2,615 °F).
Mechanical14
Nickel 201 has a yield strength of 105 MPa (15.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 100% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 47% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
Nickel 201 is rated for continuous service to 650°C (1,202 °F). It conducts heat at 79 W/m·K (45.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of nickel alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 13.3 µm/m·K (7.39 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Nickel 201 conducts electricity at 20 % IACS, better than 98% of nickel alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (68/100), worse than 82% of nickel alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Nickel 201 takes about 165 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 54% of nickel alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
Nickel 201's machinability is poor (30/100, better than 90% of nickel alloy grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability excellent (92/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the nickel alloy family
Yield strength against density for every nickel alloy grade FabDigit runs. Nickel 201 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with Nickel 201
Is Nickel 201 easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening: use positive-rake sharp carbide, heavy feeds, slow-to-moderate speeds, rigid setup and flood sulfochlorinated oil; light cuts cause glazing and built-up edge, so cold-worked stock machines better than annealed.
Can Nickel 201 be welded?
Readily joined by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with ERNi-1 / ENi-1 filler and by resistance welding; keep surfaces free of sulfur, lead and grease and avoid heavy interpass heat to prevent porosity and hot cracking.
Can Nickel 201 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed temper — deep draws, spinning and tube bending are routine; hot work at 870–1230 °C in low-sulfur atmosphere, and interanneal at 700–870 °C for severe multi-stage forming.
Nickel 201 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow-carbon limit that prevents graphitic embrittlement above ~315 °C | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.35 | 0.2 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.4 | 0.15 |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Si | ≤ 0.35 | 0.1 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.25 | 0.1 |
| NiNi + Co per ASTM B160/B161/B162, 99.0 % min | ≥ 99 (balance) |
What surface finishes work on Nickel 201?
Not anodizable; pickle in HCl/HNO₃-free acid or bright-anneal to remove the tenacious oxide, then abrasive-belt and buff for a mirror finish, or electroplate/electroless-nickel where a harder surface is needed.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on nickel alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Nickel 201 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- N02201
- ASTM
- B160
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 2.4068
- GB (China)
- N4
- Also called
- NA12
How much does Nickel 201 cost?
Nickel 201 is a high-cost nickel alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Nickel 201 — frequently asked
What is Nickel 201 used for?
Nickel 201 is typically used for high-temperature caustic evaporators, electron tube components and furnace parts. In short: low-carbon high-temperature nickel; best formability in family; hot caustic service standard.
What is the yield strength of Nickel 201?
Nickel 201 has a typical yield strength of 105 MPa (15.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 100% of nickel alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is Nickel 201 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, better than 90% of nickel alloy grades). Gummy and work-hardening: use positive-rake sharp carbide, heavy feeds, slow-to-moderate speeds, rigid setup and flood sulfochlorinated oil; light cuts cause glazing and built-up edge, so cold-worked stock machines better than annealed.
Can Nickel 201 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Readily joined by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with ERNi-1 / ENi-1 filler and by resistance welding; keep surfaces free of sulfur, lead and grease and avoid heavy interpass heat to prevent porosity and hot cracking.
What surface finishes work on Nickel 201?
Not anodizable; pickle in HCl/HNO₃-free acid or bright-anneal to remove the tenacious oxide, then abrasive-belt and buff for a mirror finish, or electroplate/electroless-nickel where a harder surface is needed.
Can Nickel 201 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed temper — deep draws, spinning and tube bending are routine; hot work at 870–1230 °C in low-sulfur atmosphere, and interanneal at 700–870 °C for severe multi-stage forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of Nickel 201?
Nickel 201 is rated for continuous use to about 650°C (1,202 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Nickel 201-ANN and Nickel 201-H38?
ANN is the default condition — default stock condition: maximum ductility for deep drawing, spinning, bending and welded fabrication of caustic/chemical equipment. H38: highest strength and hardness available without heat treatment; for spring strip, wire and wear surfaces where forming is limited to flat blanking. Yield strength is 105 MPa in ANN versus 550 MPa in H38.
How much does Nickel 201 cost?
Nickel 201 is a high-cost nickel alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM B162 — Nickel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2019)
- ASTM B160 — Nickel Rod and Bar — ASTM International (2019)
- Nickel 200 & 201 Alloy Data Sheet — Special Metals Corporation (2005)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Nickel Institute / NiDI corrosion and caustic service data — Nickel Institute (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.