Copper Alloy C17410-TH02
Precip hard
UNS C17410 · ASTM B441
TH02 = tD02 and precipitation hardened
Use the half-hard plus age-hardened combination as the standard form-then-age route: 655 MPa yield, 725 MPa tensile and 49% IACS give a balanced strength/conductivity mix.
Values for the TH02 condition
Other C17410 tempers and conditions
C17410 is listed in 12 conditions; see the grade overview at C17410.
Compare all 12 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution heat treated | Pick the softest, most formable as-supplied state (30% elongation) for deep drawing or complex forming, then precipitation harden the finished part in-house. | 230 | 415 | 30 | 80 HB | 28 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and cold worked, quarter hard | Choose solution annealed plus 1/4 hard cold rolling for light cold work: 340 MPa yield keeps forming easy while still allowing a strength gain on subsequent ageing. | 340 | 450 | 18 | 100 HB | 28 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and cold worked, half hard | Use the half-hard cold-rolled state for bent parts that will be aged afterwards; 415 MPa yield with 12% elongation balances forming against final strength. | 415 | 500 | 12 | 120 HB | 28 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and cold worked, full hard | Pick hard cold-rolled strip for simple bends only (6% elongation, 495 MPa yield), relying on post-form ageing to reach the final strength level. | 495 | 560 | 6 | 140 HB | 28 % IACS |
Mill hardened | Choose the softest mill-hardened strip when forming is demanding but no customer heat treatment is possible; 520 MPa yield, 16% elongation and 52% IACS conductivity. | 520 | 620 | 16 | 170 HB | 52 % IACS |
TD01 and precipitation hardened | Choose 1/4 hard then precipitation hardened when 620 MPa yield must come with 12% elongation and 50% IACS conductivity for current-carrying spring contacts. | 620 | 690 | 12 | 185 HB | 50 % IACS |
Mill hardened, half hard | Pick the intermediate mill-hardened strip for connector springs needing moderate bending: 620 MPa yield, 12% elongation and 50% IACS with no post-form ageing. | 620 | 690 | 12 | 185 HB | 50 % IACS |
TH02This page TD02 and precipitation hardened | Use the half-hard plus age-hardened combination as the standard form-then-age route: 655 MPa yield, 725 MPa tensile and 49% IACS give a balanced strength/conductivity mix. | 655 | 725 | 10 | 195 HB | 49 % IACS |
TM04Default Mill hardened, full hard | Use this most commonly stocked mill-hardened strip as the default compromise between 690 MPa yield, workable 10% elongation and ~47% IACS conductivity. | 690 | 725 | 10 | 95 HRB | 47 % IACS |
TD04 and precipitation hardened | Pick hard cold rolled then precipitation hardened for the highest attainable strength (725 MPa yield, 98 HRB) in contact fingers and spring clips; elongation falls to 7%. | 725 | 795 | 7 | 24 HRC | 47 % IACS |
Mill hardened, extra hard | Choose the higher-strength mill-hardened grade for small-deformation, high contact force springs; 760 MPa yield comes with only 8% elongation and 45% IACS. | 760 | 795 | 8 | 22 HRC | 45 % IACS |
Mill hardened, spring hard | Pick the highest-strength mill-hardened strip (795 MPa yield, 99 HRB) for high-stress contact fingers made by flat stamping or slight bends; forming capability is limited. | 795 | 830 | 6 | 25 HRC | 45 % IACS |
What is C17410-TH02?
C17410-TH02 is C17410 in the TH02 condition — use the half-hard plus age-hardened combination as the standard form-then-age route: 655 MPa yield, 725 MPa tensile and 49% IACS give a balanced strength/conductivity mix. C17410-TH02 has a yield strength of 655 MPa (95 ksi) and a tensile strength of 725 MPa (105 ksi) — stronger than 96% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 138 GPa (20 Msi). C17410-TH02 has a density of 8.83 g/cm³ (0.319 lb/in³), heavier than 65% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,030°C (1,886 °F). TM04 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; TH02 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 655 MPa (95 ksi), better than 96% of copper alloy grades
- Stiff — 138 GPa (20 Msi), better than 95% of copper alloy grades
- Conducts heat well — 210 W/m·K (121.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of copper alloy grades
- High electrical conductivity — 49 % IACS, better than 79% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 86% of copper alloy grades
- Limited ductility — 10%, worse than 76% of copper alloy grades
C17410-TH02 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C17410-TH02; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are C17410 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C17410-TH02 has a density of 8.83 g/cm³ (0.319 lb/in³), heavier than 65% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,030°C (1,886 °F).
Mechanical11
C17410-TH02 has a yield strength of 655 MPa (95 ksi) and a tensile strength of 725 MPa (105 ksi) — stronger than 96% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 138 GPa (20 Msi).
Thermal6
C17410-TH02 is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 210 W/m·K (121.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 17.6 µm/m·K (9.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C17410-TH02 conducts electricity at 49 % IACS, better than 79% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (62/100), worse than 57% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C17410-TH02 takes about 72 MJ of energy and emits 5 kg of CO₂ — more than 86% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability8
C17410-TH02's machinability is fair (45/100, better than 64% of copper alloy grades); weldability good (55/100); formability fair (42/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with C17410-TH02
Is C17410 easy to machine?
Cuts stably in the aged condition at roughly one third the rate of free-cutting brass; machine wet and collect dust and chips as required for beryllium-bearing material — never dry grind.
Can C17410 be welded?
Resistance welding, brazing and laser spot welding all perform well; GTAW and electron-beam welding are workable with inert shielding and limited heat input, with local re-aging after welding to restore strength.
Can C17410 be formed, bent or molded?
Solution-treated TB00 accepts deep drawing and complex bends, followed by aging at 315–345 °C for 2–3 h; mill-hardened TM tempers are stamped as delivered, with bend radius increasing at each higher temper (TM08 suits only slight bends).
What surface finishes work on C17410?
Not anodizable; the normal route is an electroplated Ni underlayer with Au, Ag or Sn on top for low contact resistance, or polishing and chemical passivation to limit tarnish.
C17410 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Below Be content, sets age-hardening response | 0.15 – 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Corefines grain, participates in precipitate phase | 0.35 – 0.6 | 0.45 |
| Feimpurity limit | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Alimpurity limit | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Siimpurity limit | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Cubalance; Cu + listed elements ≥ 99.5% | balance | — |
C17410-TH02 — frequently asked
What is C17410-TH02 used for?
C17410-TH02 is typically used for electrical connectors, relay blades, switch parts and contact springs. In short: higher conductivity than C17200; low-beryllium spring copper; mill-hardened strip tempers.
What is the yield strength of C17410-TH02?
C17410-TH02 has a typical yield strength of 655 MPa (95 ksi) and a tensile strength of 725 MPa (105 ksi) — stronger than 96% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 12 listed tempers.
Is C17410-TH02 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (45/100, better than 64% of copper alloy grades). Cuts stably in the aged condition at roughly one third the rate of free-cutting brass; machine wet and collect dust and chips as required for beryllium-bearing material — never dry grind.
Can C17410-TH02 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (55/100). Resistance welding, brazing and laser spot welding all perform well; GTAW and electron-beam welding are workable with inert shielding and limited heat input, with local re-aging after welding to restore strength.
What surface finishes work on C17410-TH02?
Not anodizable; the normal route is an electroplated Ni underlayer with Au, Ag or Sn on top for low contact resistance, or polishing and chemical passivation to limit tarnish.
Can C17410-TH02 be formed, bent or molded?
Solution-treated TB00 accepts deep drawing and complex bends, followed by aging at 315–345 °C for 2–3 h; mill-hardened TM tempers are stamped as delivered, with bend radius increasing at each higher temper (TM08 suits only slight bends).
What is the maximum service temperature of C17410-TH02?
C17410-TH02 is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C17410-TM04 and C17410-TB00?
TM04 is the default condition — use this most commonly stocked mill-hardened strip as the default compromise between 690 MPa yield, workable 10% elongation and ~47% IACS conductivity. TB00: pick the softest, most formable as-supplied state (30% elongation) for deep drawing or complex forming, then precipitation harden the finished part in-house. Yield strength is 690 MPa in TM04 versus 230 MPa in TB00.
Sources
- ASTM B768 — Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM B441 — Copper-Cobalt-Beryllium and Copper-Nickel-Beryllium Rod and Bar — ASTM International (2021)
- Alloy 174 (C17410) Strip Technical Data — Materion Brush Performance Alloys (2021)
- Copper Alloy UNS C17410 Properties — Copper Development Association (copper.org) (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.