Aluminum 7095-T74
Temper
AA 7095 · UNS A97095
T74 = overaged between T73 and T76
Balanced temper for thick forgings needing both high strength and good SCC resistance.
Values for the T74 condition
Other 7095 tempers and conditions
7095 is listed in 12 conditions; see the grade overview at 7095.
Compare all 12 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition, supplied for deep forming or machining before re-solution treatment. | 115 | 240 | 16 | 62 HB | 44 % IACS |
As fabricated | Mill stock delivered without controlled heat treatment; only for further processing. | 250 | 380 | 12 | 110 HB | 38 % IACS |
Solution heat treated (unstable) | Temporary soft condition immediately after quench, used for forming/riveting before aging. | 260 | 430 | 18 | 105 HB | 27 % IACS |
T73, stress relieved by stretching | Low-distortion thick plate for parts machined from solid where SCC resistance is critical. | 570 | 620 | 12 | 163 HB | 40 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and overaged for stress-corrosion resistance | Choose when stress-corrosion cracking in short-transverse direction governs design. | 575 | 625 | 12 | 165 HB | 39 % IACS |
T74, stress relieved by stretching | Preferred thick-plate temper for lower-wing / fuselage panels where damage tolerance matters. | 610 | 655 | 11 | 174 HB | 38 % IACS |
T74This page Overaged between T73 and T76 | Balanced temper for thick forgings needing both high strength and good SCC resistance. | 615 | 660 | 11 | 175 HB | 37 % IACS |
T76, stress relieved by stretching | Upper-wing-skin type plate: near-peak strength with acceptable exfoliation resistance. | 638 | 675 | 10 | 181 HB | 36 % IACS |
Overaged for exfoliation-corrosion resistance | Thin sections and extrusions needing exfoliation resistance with only modest strength loss. | 640 | 680 | 10 | 182 HB | 36 % IACS |
Retrogression and re-aged (three-step) temper | Highest strength with T76-level corrosion behaviour; used for premium wing/fuselage parts. | 662 | 700 | 10 | 188 HB | 35 % IACS |
T651Default T6, stress relieved by stretching | Standard peak-aged, low-residual-stress plate condition for machined thick aerospace structure. | 675 | 710 | 10 | 190 HB | 31 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and artificially aged | Maximum static strength for forgings and extrusions where SCC exposure is controlled. | 685 | 720 | 9 | 195 HB | 30 % IACS |
What is 7095-T74?
7095-T74 is 7095 in the T74 temper — balanced temper for thick forgings needing both high strength and good SCC resistance. 7095-T74 has a yield strength of 615 MPa (89.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — stronger than 99% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 71.5 GPa (10.4 Msi). 7095-T74 has a density of 2.86 g/cm³ (0.103 lb/in³), heavier than 97% of aluminum grades. It melts at 470°C (878 °F). T651 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; T74 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 615 MPa (89.2 ksi), better than 99% of aluminum grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 36 MPa·√m (32.8 ksi·√in), better than 93% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 15/100, worse than 96% of aluminum grades
7095-T74 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 7095-T74; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 7095 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
7095-T74 has a density of 2.86 g/cm³ (0.103 lb/in³), heavier than 97% of aluminum grades. It melts at 470°C (878 °F).
Mechanical14
7095-T74 has a yield strength of 615 MPa (89.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — stronger than 99% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 71.5 GPa (10.4 Msi).
Thermal6
7095-T74 is rated for continuous service to 140°C (284 °F). It conducts heat at 152 W/m·K (87.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 66% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.4 µm/m·K (13 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
7095-T74 conducts electricity at 37 % IACS, better than 58% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (48/100), worse than 58% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 7095-T74 takes about 215 MJ of energy and emits 13 kg of CO₂ — more than 93% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 5%.
Manufacturability8
7095-T74's machinability is good (67/100, better than 66% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (15/100); formability poor (24/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 7095-T74
Is 7095 easy to machine?
Machines well in T6/T7x with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and flood coolant; chips are short and residual-stress distortion is small in stress-relieved 51 tempers.
Can 7095 be welded?
Not fusion weldable (hot cracking, loss of temper); join by riveting, bolting or friction stir welding with post-weld property knock-down accounted for.
Can 7095 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly quenched W condition then age; peak-aged plate tolerates only large-radius bending and gentle stretch forming.
What surface finishes work on 7095?
Chromic/sulphuric anodize, hard anodize or Alodine + epoxy primer for corrosion protection; shot peening is common to improve fatigue and SCC life.
7095 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Znhigh Zn enabled by spray forming (no macrosegregation) | 7.6 – 8.8 | 8.2 |
| Mg | 1.6 – 2.2 | 1.9 |
| Cu | 1.6 – 2.2 | 1.9 |
| Zrgrain-structure control (Al3Zr dispersoids) | 0.05 – 0.15 | 0.11 |
| Felow-Fe for toughness | ≤ 0.12 | 0.06 |
| Si | ≤ 0.1 | 0.05 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Cr | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| Ti | ≤ 0.06 | — |
| Others (each)total 0.15 max | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Al | balance | — |
7095-T74 — frequently asked
What is 7095-T74 used for?
7095-T74 is typically used for commercial aircraft wing skins, fuselage panels and high-strength thick plate. In short: highest-strength 7000-series plate; spray-formed aerospace grade; not fusion weldable.
What is the yield strength of 7095-T74?
7095-T74 has a typical yield strength of 615 MPa (89.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — stronger than 99% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 12 listed tempers.
Is 7095-T74 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (67/100, better than 66% of aluminum grades). Machines well in T6/T7x with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and flood coolant; chips are short and residual-stress distortion is small in stress-relieved 51 tempers.
Can 7095-T74 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (15/100). Not fusion weldable (hot cracking, loss of temper); join by riveting, bolting or friction stir welding with post-weld property knock-down accounted for.
What surface finishes work on 7095-T74?
Chromic/sulphuric anodize, hard anodize or Alodine + epoxy primer for corrosion protection; shot peening is common to improve fatigue and SCC life.
Can 7095-T74 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly quenched W condition then age; peak-aged plate tolerates only large-radius bending and gentle stretch forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of 7095-T74?
7095-T74 is rated for continuous use to about 140°C (284 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 7095-T651 and 7095-O?
T651 is the default condition — standard peak-aged, low-residual-stress plate condition for machined thick aerospace structure. O: softest condition, supplied for deep forming or machining before re-solution treatment. Yield strength is 675 MPa in T651 versus 115 MPa in O.
Sources
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- MMPDS-17 (Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization) 7000-series plate typical values — Battelle/FAA (2022)
- Spray Forming of High-Strength Aluminium Alloys — process and property overview — Woodhead / Elsevier (2011)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.