Aluminum 7010 · temper
Aluminum 7010-T7451
Properties of the T7451 condition, compared with the other 7010 tempers.
Standard thick-plate temper: best balance of strength, toughness and SCC resistance for machined aerospace structure.
What is 7010-T7451?
7010-T7451 is 7010 in the T7451 temper — standard thick-plate temper: best balance of strength, toughness and SCC resistance for machined aerospace structure. 7010-T7451 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 515 MPa (74.7 ksi) — stronger than 91% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 71 GPa (10.3 Msi). 7010-T7451 has a density of 2.82 g/cm³ (0.102 lb/in³), heavier than 89% of aluminum grades. It melts at 476°C (889 °F).
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 36 MPa·√m (32.8 ksi·√in), better than 93% of aluminum grades
- High strength — 450 MPa (65.3 ksi), better than 91% of aluminum grades
- Easy to machine — 72/100, better than 80% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 18/100, worse than 94% of aluminum grades
- Limited service temperature — 120°C (248 °F), worse than 79% of aluminum grades
7010-T7451 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 7010-T7451 — 16 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 7010 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the aluminum grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
7010-T7451 has a density of 2.82 g/cm³ (0.102 lb/in³), heavier than 89% of aluminum grades. It melts at 476°C (889 °F).
Mechanical14
7010-T7451 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 515 MPa (74.7 ksi) — stronger than 91% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 71 GPa (10.3 Msi).
Thermal6
7010-T7451 is rated for continuous service to 120°C (248 °F). It conducts heat at 154 W/m·K (89 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 68% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.4 µm/m·K (13 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
7010-T7451 conducts electricity at 40 % IACS, better than 72% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (42/100), worse than 69% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 7010-T7451 takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 75% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 8%.
Manufacturability8
7010-T7451's machinability is very good (72/100, better than 80% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (18/100); formability poor (25/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 7010 tempers and conditions
7010 is also supplied in 13 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 7010 overview.
- T6Choose for maximum strength in thinner sections where stress-corrosion exposure is low.500 MPa yield · 160 HB
- T651Peak-strength plate with residual stress removed by controlled stretching for stable machining.495 MPa yield · 158 HB
- T62Peak-aged T6-level strength re-developed by heat treatment outside the mill; highest strength of the 7010 tempers but lowest SCC and exfoliation resistance.480 MPa yield · 160 HB
- T7651Higher strength than T7451 with good exfoliation-corrosion resistance; used for thinner plate and skins.475 MPa yield · 150 HB
- T652Peak-aged 7010 forging temper with residual stress removed by cold compression, giving T6 strength plus dimensional stability for heavy machined parts.470 MPa yield · 157 HB
- T76Lightly overaged temper retaining most T6 strength while giving good resistance to exfoliation corrosion in thin-to-medium sections.465 MPa yield · 152 HB
- T7652Forging temper for higher-strength parts where exfoliation resistance is required but full T74 overageing is not.465 MPa yield · 148 HB
- T7451Standard thick-plate temper: best balance of strength, toughness and SCC resistance for machined aerospace structure.450 MPa yield · 145 HB
- T74Intermediate overaged temper balancing strength, fracture toughness and stress-corrosion resistance in thick 7010 forgings and plate.440 MPa yield · 148 HB
- T7452Die-forging equivalent of T7451, stress relieved by cold compression for dimensionally stable machined forgings.440 MPa yield · 143 HB
- T73Fully overaged 7010 trading roughly 10 % strength for high resistance to stress-corrosion cracking and improved fracture toughness.420 MPa yield · 140 HB
- T7351Pick when maximum stress-corrosion and exfoliation resistance matters more than strength.420 MPa yield · 138 HB
- T7352Forging temper for maximum SCC resistance in heavy landing-gear and fitting forgings.415 MPa yield · 136 HB
- OSoftest condition, used for severe forming or straightening before re-solution treatment and ageing.110 MPa yield · 65 HB
Working with 7010-T7451
Is 7010 easy to machine?
Machines well in T7x tempers with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and copious coolant; chips are gummier than 2xxx so use polished flutes and avoid rubbing to prevent built-up edge.
Can 7010 be welded?
Not fusion weldable for structural use (hot cracking and SCC in the HAZ); join by mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding or friction stir welding with qualified procedures.
Can 7010 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated condition; aged T6/T7x plate has low ductility, so heavy forming or tight bends should be avoided and hot forging is done above ~380 °C.
What surface finishes work on 7010?
Chromic/sulfuric or hard anodize plus chromate-free conversion coating and primer for corrosion protection; anodic colour is dull grey, and shot peening is common on machined surfaces to raise fatigue life.
7010 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Zn | 5.7 – 6.7 | 6.2 |
| Mg | 2.1 – 2.6 | 2.35 |
| Cu | 1.5 – 2 | 1.75 |
| Zrgrain-structure control instead of Cr | 0.1 – 0.16 | 0.13 |
| Feimpurity limit kept low for toughness | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Si | ≤ 0.12 | — |
| Mn | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Cr | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Ti | ≤ 0.06 | — |
| Others (each)total 0.15 max | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Al | balance | — |
7010-T7451 — frequently asked
What is 7010-T7451 used for?
7010-T7451 is typically used for aircraft wing skins, fuselage bulkheads, wing spars and ribs, landing gear components, structural die forgings and machined aerospace fittings. In short: aerospace plate alloy.
What is the yield strength of 7010-T7451?
7010-T7451 has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 515 MPa (74.7 ksi) — stronger than 91% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 14 listed tempers.
Is 7010-T7451 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (72/100, better than 80% of aluminum grades). Machines well in T7x tempers with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and copious coolant; chips are gummier than 2xxx so use polished flutes and avoid rubbing to prevent built-up edge.
Can 7010-T7451 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (18/100). Not fusion weldable for structural use (hot cracking and SCC in the HAZ); join by mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding or friction stir welding with qualified procedures.
What surface finishes work on 7010-T7451?
Chromic/sulfuric or hard anodize plus chromate-free conversion coating and primer for corrosion protection; anodic colour is dull grey, and shot peening is common on machined surfaces to raise fatigue life.
Can 7010-T7451 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated condition; aged T6/T7x plate has low ductility, so heavy forming or tight bends should be avoided and hot forging is done above ~380 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of 7010-T7451?
7010-T7451 is rated for continuous use to about 120°C (248 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 7010-T7451?
Yes — 7010-T7451 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 485-2 Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Sheet, strip and plate: mechanical properties — CEN (2016)
- EN 573-3 Chemical composition of wrought aluminium alloys — CEN (2019)
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2: Properties and Selection — Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- MMPDS-17 Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization — Battelle/FAA (2022)
- High-strength 7xxx aerospace plate and forging datasheets (7010/7050 class) — Constellium / Kaiser Aluminum (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.