Aluminum 7010-T651
Temper
AA 7010 · UNS A97010 · EN AW-7010, AW 7010
T651 = t6, stress relieved by stretching
Peak-strength plate with residual stress removed by controlled stretching for stable machining.
Values for the T651 condition
Other 7010 tempers and conditions
7010 is listed in 14 conditions; see the grade overview at 7010.
Compare all 14 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition, used for severe forming or straightening before re-solution treatment and ageing. | 110 | 240 | 16 | 65 HB | 46 % IACS |
T73 fully overaged, stress relieved by compression | Forging temper for maximum SCC resistance in heavy landing-gear and fitting forgings. | 415 | 480 | 9 | 136 HB | 41 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and overaged for stress-corrosion resistance | Fully overaged 7010 trading roughly 10 % strength for high resistance to stress-corrosion cracking and improved fracture toughness. | 420 | 490 | 10 | 140 HB | 40 % IACS |
T73, stress relieved by stretching | Pick when maximum stress-corrosion and exfoliation resistance matters more than strength. | 420 | 490 | 10 | 138 HB | 41 % IACS |
Overaged between T73 and T76 | Intermediate overaged temper balancing strength, fracture toughness and stress-corrosion resistance in thick 7010 forgings and plate. | 440 | 510 | 9 | 148 HB | 39 % IACS |
Overaged (T74), stress relieved by compression | Die-forging equivalent of T7451, stress relieved by cold compression for dimensionally stable machined forgings. | 440 | 505 | 8 | 143 HB | 40 % IACS |
T74, stress relieved by stretching | Standard thick-plate temper: best balance of strength, toughness and SCC resistance for machined aerospace structure. | 450 | 515 | 9 | 145 HB | 40 % IACS |
Overaged for exfoliation-corrosion resistance | Lightly overaged temper retaining most T6 strength while giving good resistance to exfoliation corrosion in thin-to-medium sections. | 465 | 530 | 9 | 152 HB | 38 % IACS |
T76 overaged, stress relieved by compression | Forging temper for higher-strength parts where exfoliation resistance is required but full T74 overageing is not. | 465 | 525 | 8 | 148 HB | 38 % IACS |
T6, stress relieved by compression | Peak-aged 7010 forging temper with residual stress removed by cold compression, giving T6 strength plus dimensional stability for heavy machined parts. | 470 | 530 | 8 | 157 HB | 34 % IACS |
T76, stress relieved by stretching | Higher strength than T7451 with good exfoliation-corrosion resistance; used for thinner plate and skins. | 475 | 535 | 9 | 150 HB | 38 % IACS |
T6, heat treated by the user | Peak-aged T6-level strength re-developed by heat treatment outside the mill; highest strength of the 7010 tempers but lowest SCC and exfoliation resistance. | 480 | 540 | 8 | 160 HB | 34 % IACS |
T651This page T6, stress relieved by stretching | Peak-strength plate with residual stress removed by controlled stretching for stable machining. | 495 | 555 | 8 | 158 HB | 33 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and artificially aged | Choose for maximum strength in thinner sections where stress-corrosion exposure is low. | 500 | 560 | 8 | 160 HB | 33 % IACS |
What is 7010-T651?
7010-T651 is 7010 in the T651 temper — peak-strength plate with residual stress removed by controlled stretching for stable machining. 7010-T651 has a yield strength of 495 MPa (71.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 555 MPa (80.5 ksi) — stronger than 96% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 8% and the elastic modulus is 71 GPa (10.3 Msi). 7010-T651 has a density of 2.82 g/cm³ (0.102 lb/in³), heavier than 89% of aluminum grades. It melts at 476°C (889 °F).
Advantages
- High strength — 495 MPa (71.8 ksi), better than 96% of aluminum grades
- Easy to machine — 76/100, better than 87% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 18/100, worse than 94% of aluminum grades
- Limited service temperature — 100°C (212 °F), worse than 91% of aluminum grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 33/100, worse than 91% of aluminum grades
7010-T651 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 7010-T651; 10 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 7010 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
7010-T651 has a density of 2.82 g/cm³ (0.102 lb/in³), heavier than 89% of aluminum grades. It melts at 476°C (889 °F).
Mechanical14
7010-T651 has a yield strength of 495 MPa (71.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 555 MPa (80.5 ksi) — stronger than 96% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 8% and the elastic modulus is 71 GPa (10.3 Msi).
Thermal6
7010-T651 is rated for continuous service to 100°C (212 °F). It conducts heat at 154 W/m·K (89 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 68% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.4 µm/m·K (13 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
7010-T651 conducts electricity at 33 % IACS, worse than 57% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (33/100), worse than 91% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 7010-T651 takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 8%.
Manufacturability8
7010-T651's machinability is very good (76/100, better than 87% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (18/100); formability poor (25/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 7010-T651
Is 7010 easy to machine?
Machines well in T7x tempers with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and copious coolant; chips are gummier than 2000-series so use polished flutes and avoid rubbing to prevent built-up edge.
Can 7010 be welded?
Not fusion weldable for structural use (hot cracking and SCC in the HAZ); join by mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding or friction stir welding with qualified procedures.
Can 7010 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated condition; aged T6/T7x plate has low ductility, so heavy forming or tight bends should be avoided and hot forging is done above ~380 °C.
What surface finishes work on 7010?
Chromic/sulfuric or hard anodize plus chromate-free conversion coating and primer for corrosion protection; anodic colour is dull grey, and shot peening is common on machined surfaces to raise fatigue life.
7010 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Zn | 5.7 – 6.7 | 6.2 |
| Mg | 2.1 – 2.6 | 2.35 |
| Cu | 1.5 – 2 | 1.75 |
| Zrgrain-structure control instead of Cr | 0.1 – 0.16 | 0.13 |
| Feimpurity limit kept low for toughness | ≤ 0.15 | |
| Si | ≤ 0.12 | |
| Mn | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Cr | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Ti | ≤ 0.06 | |
| Others (each)total 0.15 max | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Al | balance |
7010-T651 — frequently asked
What is 7010-T651 used for?
7010-T651 is typically used for aircraft wing skins, fuselage bulkheads, wing spars and ribs, landing gear components, structural die forgings and machined aerospace fittings. In short: aerospace plate alloy.
What is the yield strength of 7010-T651?
7010-T651 has a typical yield strength of 495 MPa (71.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 555 MPa (80.5 ksi) — stronger than 96% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 14 listed tempers.
Is 7010-T651 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (76/100, better than 87% of aluminum grades). Machines well in T7x tempers with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and copious coolant; chips are gummier than 2000-series so use polished flutes and avoid rubbing to prevent built-up edge.
Can 7010-T651 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (18/100). Not fusion weldable for structural use (hot cracking and SCC in the HAZ); join by mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding or friction stir welding with qualified procedures.
What surface finishes work on 7010-T651?
Chromic/sulfuric or hard anodize plus chromate-free conversion coating and primer for corrosion protection; anodic colour is dull grey, and shot peening is common on machined surfaces to raise fatigue life.
Can 7010-T651 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated condition; aged T6/T7x plate has low ductility, so heavy forming or tight bends should be avoided and hot forging is done above ~380 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of 7010-T651?
7010-T651 is rated for continuous use to about 100°C (212 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 7010-T651?
Yes — 7010-T651 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 485-2 Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Sheet, strip and plate: mechanical properties — CEN (2016)
- EN 573-3 Chemical composition of wrought aluminium alloys — CEN (2019)
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2: Properties and Selection — Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- MMPDS-17 Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization — Battelle/FAA (2022)
- High-strength 7000-series aerospace plate and forging datasheets (7010/7050 class) — Constellium / Kaiser Aluminum (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.