Aluminum 6014-T4
Temper · default condition
AA 6014 · UNS A96014 · EN AlMg0.6Si0.6V
T4 = solution heat treated and naturally aged
Standard delivery condition for automotive outer-panel stamping: maximum formability with bake-hardening potential.
Values for the T4 condition
Other 6014 tempers and conditions
6014 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 6014.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition, used for deep-draw trials or re-annealed material; must be solution treated and aged to reach service strength. | 55 | 120 | 30 | 32 HB | 52 % IACS |
Solution treated, pre-aged/stabilised | Pre-aged version of T4 that freezes natural-ageing drift during storage and maximises paint-bake response; the usual OEM order condition. | 118 | 225 | 27 | 60 HB | 46 % IACS |
T4DefaultThis page Solution heat treated and naturally aged | Standard delivery condition for automotive outer-panel stamping: maximum formability with bake-hardening potential. | 120 | 220 | 27 | 60 HB | 46 % IACS |
T4 + bake hardened | The in-service condition of a stamped and painted panel — use these numbers for dent-resistance and stiffness sizing. | 200 | 255 | 20 | 78 HB | 48 % IACS |
T6, heat treated by the user | Same property target as T6 but produced by the part maker after forming, so distortion and quench control are the fabricator's responsibility. | 255 | 295 | 12 | 90 HB | 49 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and artificially aged | Choose when the highest strength of the alloy is needed after forming, e.g. structural reinforcements or post-formed heat-treated parts. | 260 | 300 | 12 | 92 HB | 49 % IACS |
What is 6014-T4?
6014-T4 is 6014 in the T4 temper — standard delivery condition for automotive outer-panel stamping: maximum formability with bake-hardening potential. 6014-T4 has a yield strength of 120 MPa (17.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) — weaker than 77% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi). 6014-T4 has a density of 2.7 g/cm³ (0.0975 lb/in³), lighter than 59% of aluminum grades. It melts at 600°C (1,112 °F).
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 27%, better than 95% of aluminum grades
- Forms and bends easily — 92/100, better than 94% of aluminum grades
- Conducts heat well — 185 W/m·K (106.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of aluminum grades
- High electrical conductivity — 46 % IACS, better than 87% of aluminum grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 65/100, better than 82% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 120°C (248 °F), worse than 79% of aluminum grades
- Low strength — 120 MPa (17.4 ksi), worse than 77% of aluminum grades
6014-T4 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 6014-T4; 15 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 6014 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
6014-T4 has a density of 2.7 g/cm³ (0.0975 lb/in³), lighter than 59% of aluminum grades. It melts at 600°C (1,112 °F).
Mechanical11
6014-T4 has a yield strength of 120 MPa (17.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) — weaker than 77% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi).
Thermal6
6014-T4 is rated for continuous service to 120°C (248 °F). It conducts heat at 185 W/m·K (106.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.4 µm/m·K (13 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
6014-T4 conducts electricity at 46 % IACS, better than 87% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (65/100), better than 71% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 6014-T4 takes about 200 MJ of energy and emits 12 kg of CO₂ — less than 60% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability6
6014-T4's machinability is fair (50/100, worse than 65% of aluminum grades); weldability very good (75/100); formability excellent (92/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 6014-T4
Is 6014 easy to machine?
Machines easily but gummy in T4/T4P — use polished-flute carbide, high rake, high speed and flood or MQL lubrication; chip control improves markedly in T6.
Can 6014 be welded?
Ideal for resistance spot welding, laser and CMT/MIG with 4043 or 5356 filler; fusion welds soften the HAZ toward T4-like strength, so structural joints are often self-piercing riveted or adhesive bonded.
Can 6014 be formed, bent or molded?
Stamp in T4/T4P for maximum draw depth and hemming quality; allow for ~0.4–0.6 % Lüders-free flow, watch springback and store pre-aged coil to avoid natural-ageing drift.
What surface finishes work on 6014?
Excellent substrate for automotive conversion coating (Zr/Ti or phosphate) and e-coat/paint; clear anodizing is good, bright decorative anodizing only fair due to Fe/Mn/V intermetallics.
6014 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Si | 0.3 – 0.6 | 0.45 |
| Feimpurity limit | ≤ 0.35 | 0.2 |
| Cuboosts bake-hardening | ≤ 0.25 | 0.1 |
| Mn | 0.05 – 0.2 | 0.12 |
| Mg | 0.4 – 0.8 | 0.6 |
| Cr | ≤ 0.2 | 0.05 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Tigrain refiner | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Vcharacteristic addition of 6014 | 0.05 – 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Others (each) | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Others (total) | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Al | balance | — |
6014-T4 — frequently asked
What is 6014-T4 used for?
6014-T4 is typically used for automotive outer body panels, hoods, doors and closures, fenders and roof panels, deck lids and tailgates, inner panel stampings and reinforcements and hemmed door and hood assemblies. In short: bake-hardening body sheet; highest formability 6000-series sheet; best hemming quality.
What is the yield strength of 6014-T4?
6014-T4 has a typical yield strength of 120 MPa (17.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) — weaker than 77% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 6014-T4 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (50/100, worse than 65% of aluminum grades). Machines easily but gummy in T4/T4P — use polished-flute carbide, high rake, high speed and flood or MQL lubrication; chip control improves markedly in T6.
Can 6014-T4 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (75/100). Ideal for resistance spot welding, laser and CMT/MIG with 4043 or 5356 filler; fusion welds soften the HAZ toward T4-like strength, so structural joints are often self-piercing riveted or adhesive bonded.
What surface finishes work on 6014-T4?
Excellent substrate for automotive conversion coating (Zr/Ti or phosphate) and e-coat/paint; clear anodizing is good, bright decorative anodizing only fair due to Fe/Mn/V intermetallics.
Can 6014-T4 be formed, bent or molded?
Stamp in T4/T4P for maximum draw depth and hemming quality; allow for ~0.4–0.6 % Lüders-free flow, watch springback and store pre-aged coil to avoid natural-ageing drift.
What is the maximum service temperature of 6014-T4?
6014-T4 is rated for continuous use to about 120°C (248 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 6014-T4 and 6014-T6?
T4 is the default condition — standard delivery condition for automotive outer-panel stamping: maximum formability with bake-hardening potential. T6: choose when the highest strength of the alloy is needed after forming, e.g. structural reinforcements or post-formed heat-treated parts. Yield strength is 120 MPa in T4 versus 260 MPa in T6.
Sources
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- EN 485-2 Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Sheet, strip and plate — Mechanical properties — CEN (2016)
- EN 573-3 Chemical composition of wrought aluminium alloys — CEN (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Automotive body sheet AA6014 (AC170PX / Surfalex-type) technical data — Novelis / Constellium (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.