Aluminum 3103-H28
Supply condition
AA 3103 · UNS A93103 · EN AW-3103, AW 3103 · ISO N3
H28 = strain hardened and partially annealed, full hard
Stabilised fully hard thin strip where flatness and high strength are required.
Values for the H28 condition
Other 3103 tempers and conditions
3103 is listed in 16 conditions; see the grade overview at 3103.
Compare all 16 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Pick for maximum formability — deep drawing, spinning, tight bends and hydroforming. | 45 | 110 | 30 | 28 HB | 50 % IACS |
Strain hardened from hot working only | Hot-rolled plate condition for thicker gauges where a specified minimum, not a cold-rolled temper, is required. | 50 | 110 | 20 | 30 HB | 48 % IACS |
As fabricated | As-fabricated 3103 with no special control of thermal or strain-hardening history and no guaranteed mechanical limits; properties depend on the forming route. | 55 | 110 | 25 | 30 HB | 42 % IACS |
Strain hardened, eighth hard | Lightly cold-worked 3103 sheet just above annealed strength, retaining high formability for deep-drawn and roll-formed parts. | 75 | 115 | 18 | 32 HB | 42 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, quarter hard | Stabilised quarter-hard sheet with better ductility than H12 at the same strength class. | 95 | 130 | 12 | 36 HB | 43 % IACS |
Strain hardened, quarter hard | Light work-hardened strip when a bit more stiffness than O is needed but bending is still frequent. | 105 | 130 | 9 | 37 HB | 43 % IACS |
Strain hardened, three-eighths hard | Intermediate cold-rolled 3103 between quarter and half hard, balancing moderate strength with useful bending ductility. | 108 | 132 | 10 | 38 HB | 41.5 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, half hard | Most common European roofing/cladding and bending temper: H14 strength with markedly better bend behaviour. | 115 | 150 | 9 | 41 HB | 42 % IACS |
Strain hardened, half hard | The standard stock temper: balanced strength and bendability for panels, cladding, ducting and general sheet metal. | 130 | 150 | 7 | 42 HB | 42 % IACS |
Strain hardened, five-eighths hard | Cold-worked 3103 between half and three-quarter hard, used where higher panel stiffness and dent resistance are needed with limited bending. | 132 | 152 | 6 | 44 HB | 41 % IACS |
Strain hardened and partially annealed, three-quarter hard | Stabilised three-quarter hard strip for roll-formed profiles needing some residual ductility. | 140 | 175 | 5 | 47 HB | 42 % IACS |
Strain hardened, three-quarter hard | Higher-strength strip for lightly formed parts, shutters and profiled sheet. | 155 | 175 | 4 | 48 HB | 41 % IACS |
Strain hardened, seven-eighths hard | Heavily cold-worked 3103 just below full hard, giving near-maximum strain-hardened strength with minimal remaining ductility. | 155 | 172 | 4 | 50 HB | 41 % IACS |
H28This page Strain hardened and partially annealed, full hard | Stabilised fully hard thin strip where flatness and high strength are required. | 165 | 195 | 3 | 53 HB | 41 % IACS |
Strain hardened, full hard | Maximum work-hardened strength; flat parts, spacers and roll-formed strip with no tight bending. | 180 | 195 | 3 | 54 HB | 41 % IACS |
Strain hardened, extra hard | Extra-hard thin strip and foil stock, e.g. fin and lamella applications. | 195 | 210 | 2 | 57 HB | 41 % IACS |
What is 3103-H28?
3103-H28 is 3103 supplied in the H28 condition — stabilised fully hard thin strip where flatness and high strength are required. 3103-H28 has a yield strength of 165 MPa (23.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 195 MPa (28.3 ksi) — weaker than 58% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi). 3103-H28 has a density of 2.73 g/cm³ (0.0986 lb/in³), heavier than 61% of aluminum grades. It melts at 645°C (1,193 °F).
Advantages
- Readily welded — 88/100, better than 85% of aluminum grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 70/100, better than 79% of aluminum grades
- High electrical conductivity — 41 % IACS, better than 78% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 100°C (212 °F), worse than 91% of aluminum grades
- Limited ductility — 3%, worse than 79% of aluminum grades
- Difficult to machine — 44/100, worse than 76% of aluminum grades
3103-H28 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 3103-H28; 18 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 3103 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
3103-H28 has a density of 2.73 g/cm³ (0.0986 lb/in³), heavier than 61% of aluminum grades. It melts at 645°C (1,193 °F).
Mechanical11
3103-H28 has a yield strength of 165 MPa (23.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 195 MPa (28.3 ksi) — weaker than 58% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa (10 Msi).
Thermal6
3103-H28 is rated for continuous service to 100°C (212 °F). It conducts heat at 156 W/m·K (90.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 73% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 23.2 µm/m·K (12.9 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
3103-H28 conducts electricity at 41 % IACS, better than 78% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (70/100), better than 79% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 3103-H28 takes about 200 MJ of energy and emits 12 kg of CO₂ — less than 60% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability7
3103-H28's machinability is fair (44/100, worse than 76% of aluminum grades); weldability excellent (88/100); formability poor (32/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 3103-H28
Is 3103 easy to machine?
Soft and gummy — use polished high-rake carbide, high speeds, low feeds and flood coolant or minimum-quantity lubrication to avoid built-up edge; harder H16/H18 tempers cut cleaner.
Can 3103 be welded?
Excellent with GTAW/GMAW or resistance welding, filler ER1100 or ER4043 (ER5356 where more strength is wanted); the HAZ reverts toward O-temper strength.
Can 3103 be formed, bent or molded?
Very good cold formability, best in O/H22/H24; use generous bend radii in H16–H18 and roll-form rather than press-brake hard tempers.
What surface finishes work on 3103?
Takes protective and hard anodizing well and is a standard pre-painted/coil-coated substrate, but clear anodize looks grey-brown, so bright polish or brush finishes are less attractive than on 5000/6000 series.
3103 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Mnprincipal strengthening addition | 0.9 – 1.5 | 1.2 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.7 | 0.45 |
| Si | ≤ 0.5 | 0.25 |
| Mg | ≤ 0.3 | 0.05 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Cu | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Cr | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Ti+Zrcombined limit per EN 573-3 | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Others (each)total others 0.15 max | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Alremainder, ~97.5% | balance | — |
3103-H28 — frequently asked
What is 3103-H28 used for?
3103-H28 is typically used for roofing sheet, cladding and HVAC ducts. In short: european 3003; forming sheet.
What is the yield strength of 3103-H28?
3103-H28 has a typical yield strength of 165 MPa (23.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 195 MPa (28.3 ksi) — weaker than 58% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 16 listed tempers.
Is 3103-H28 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (44/100, worse than 76% of aluminum grades). Soft and gummy — use polished high-rake carbide, high speeds, low feeds and flood coolant or minimum-quantity lubrication to avoid built-up edge; harder H16/H18 tempers cut cleaner.
Can 3103-H28 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (88/100). Excellent with GTAW/GMAW or resistance welding, filler ER1100 or ER4043 (ER5356 where more strength is wanted); the HAZ reverts toward O-temper strength.
What surface finishes work on 3103-H28?
Takes protective and hard anodizing well and is a standard pre-painted/coil-coated substrate, but clear anodize looks grey-brown, so bright polish or brush finishes are less attractive than on 5000/6000 series.
Can 3103-H28 be formed, bent or molded?
Very good cold formability, best in O/H22/H24; use generous bend radii in H16–H18 and roll-form rather than press-brake hard tempers.
What is the maximum service temperature of 3103-H28?
3103-H28 is rated for continuous use to about 100°C (212 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 3103-H28?
Yes — 3103-H28 is available for sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 573-3 — Aluminium and aluminium alloys: chemical composition of wrought products — CEN (2019)
- EN 485-2 — Aluminium sheet, strip and plate: mechanical properties — CEN (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- EN AW-3103 (AlMn1) rolled sheet/strip datasheets — European rolling mills (Hydro/Constellium-type) (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.