Steel M35 · temper · default condition
Steel M35 Annealed
Properties of the Annealed condition, compared with the other M35 tempers.
Standard mill supply condition for blanks that will be machined then hardened.
What is M35 Annealed?
M35 Annealed is M35 in the Annealed temper — standard mill supply condition for blanks that will be machined then hardened. M35 Annealed has a yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 900 MPa (131 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 217 GPa (31.5 Msi). M35 Annealed has a density of 8.1 g/cm³ (0.293 lb/in³), heavier than 96% of steel grades. It melts at 1,260°C (2,300 °F).
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 70/100, better than 87% of steel grades
- High strength — 600 MPa (87 ksi), better than 77% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited formability — 10/100, worse than 94% of steel grades
- High embodied carbon — 4.2 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 94% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 10%, worse than 91% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 15/100, worse than 91% of steel grades
- Poor heat conductor — 24 W/m·K (13.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 90% of steel grades
M35 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for M35 Annealed — 9 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every M35 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
M35 Annealed has a density of 8.1 g/cm³ (0.293 lb/in³), heavier than 96% of steel grades. It melts at 1,260°C (2,300 °F).
Mechanical13
M35 Annealed has a yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 900 MPa (131 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 217 GPa (31.5 Msi).
Thermal5
M35 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 24 W/m·K (13.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 90% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11 µm/m·K (6.11 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
M35 Annealed conducts electricity at 3.1 % IACS, worse than 89% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (18/100), better than 83% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of M35 Annealed takes about 60 MJ of energy and emits 4.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 95% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability7
M35 Annealed's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 89% of steel grades); weldability poor (15/100); formability not recommended (10/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other M35 tempers and conditions
M35 is also supplied in 2 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the M35 overview.
- AnnealedDefaultStandard mill supply condition for blanks that will be machined then hardened.600 MPa yield · 248 HB
- Hardened & TemperedStandard cutting-tool condition: maximum red hardness and wear resistance for drills, taps, milling cutters and hobs.2,200 MPa tensile
- Q&TPick when impact/edge chipping is the failure mode: interrupted cuts, taps, punches, cold-work tooling.2,100 MPa tensile
Working with M35 Annealed
Is M35 easy to machine?
Machine only in the annealed condition with rigid setups, sharp carbide or coated HSS tooling and generous coolant; after hardening the material is essentially grind/EDM-only.
Can M35 be welded?
Not a structural weld alloy — repair only, using matching HSS filler with 500–550 °C preheat and immediate re-temper to avoid quench cracks.
Can M35 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1050–1150 °C, stop above 900 °C and cool slowly followed by a full anneal at 850–900 °C; no meaningful cold forming.
What surface finishes work on M35?
Grind with soft, free-cutting wheels and ample coolant to avoid grinding burn; finish with steam oxide, black oxide, nitriding or PVD TiN/TiAlN for wear and oxidation protection.
M35 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 1.3243 runs higher, 0.87–0.95 | 0.82 – 0.88 | 0.85 |
| Si | 0.2 – 0.45 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.15 – 0.4 | 0.28 |
| Cr | 3.75 – 4.5 | 4.15 |
| Mo | 4.5 – 5.5 | 5 |
| W | 5.5 – 6.75 | 6.25 |
| V | 1.75 – 2.2 | 1.95 |
| Cocobalt addition vs M2 — raises red hardness | 4.75 – 5.75 | 5 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Smax; sulfurized free-machining versions run higher | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
M35 Annealed — frequently asked
What is M35 Annealed used for?
M35 Annealed is typically used for twist drills, milling cutters and reamers. In short: high-speed cobalt tool.
What is the yield strength of M35 Annealed?
M35 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a tensile strength of 900 MPa (131 ksi) — stronger than 77% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is M35 Annealed easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 89% of steel grades). Machine only in the annealed condition with rigid setups, sharp carbide or coated HSS tooling and generous coolant; after hardening the material is essentially grind/EDM-only.
Can M35 Annealed be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (15/100). Not a structural weld alloy — repair only, using matching HSS filler with 500–550 °C preheat and immediate re-temper to avoid quench cracks.
What surface finishes work on M35 Annealed?
Grind with soft, free-cutting wheels and ample coolant to avoid grinding burn; finish with steam oxide, black oxide, nitriding or PVD TiN/TiAlN for wear and oxidation protection.
Can M35 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1050–1150 °C, stop above 900 °C and cool slowly followed by a full anneal at 850–900 °C; no meaningful cold forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of M35 Annealed?
M35 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in M35 Annealed?
Yes — M35 Annealed is available for CNC machining with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A600 — Tool Steel, High Speed — ASTM International (2021)
- EN ISO 4957 — Tool steels (HS6-5-2-5 / 1.3243) — CEN/ISO (2018)
- GB/T 9943 — (W6Mo5Cr4V2Co5) — SAC (2008)
- JIS G 4403 — High speed tool steels (SKH55) — JISC (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (tool steels) — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16 — Machining (machinability of tool steels) — ASM International (1989)
- High speed steel HS6-5-2-5 / S705 data sheet — voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl (2022)
- Conventional HSS grades data sheet (M35 / HS6-5-2-5) — Erasteel (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.