Stainless Steel Alloy 465-A (Solution annealed)
Temper
UNS S46500 · AISI/SAE XM-16 · also Custom 465
Softest supply condition for machining, deep drawing or cold heading before precipitation aging.
Values for the A condition
Other Alloy 465 tempers and conditions
Alloy 465 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at Alloy 465.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AThis page Solution annealed | Softest supply condition for machining, deep drawing or cold heading before precipitation aging. | 760 | 1,000 | 18 | 32 HRC | — |
Aged 593 °C (1100 °F) for 4 h | Maximum-toughness / maximum-SCC-resistance condition; choose when damage tolerance dominates over strength. | 1,210 | 1,300 | 17 | 39 HRC | — |
Aged 4 h at 566 °C, air cool | Overaged condition for parts needing high toughness/ductility at ~210 ksi tensile. | 1,380 | 1,450 | 16 | 42 HRC | — |
Aged 552 °C (1025 °F) for 4 h | Slightly overaged for higher toughness and better SCC resistance while keeping ~225 ksi tensile. | 1,480 | 1,550 | 15 | 44 HRC | — |
H1000Default Aged 4 h at 538 °C, air cool | Best all-round strength/toughness balance and the condition covered by AMS 5936 — the default stocked bar condition. | 1,586 | 1,655 | 14 | 46 HRC | — |
Aged 4 h at 510 °C, air cool | Near-peak strength with noticeably better K_IC than H900 — common for aerospace fasteners and shafts. | 1,655 | 1,725 | 13 | 48 HRC | — |
Aged 482 °C (900 °F) for 1 h, peak hardness | Peak-strength condition (~260 ksi) for fasteners and springs where maximum strength outweighs toughness. | 1,690 | 1,795 | 12 | 50 HRC | — |
What is Alloy 465-A?
Alloy 465-A is Alloy 465 in the A temper — softest supply condition for machining, deep drawing or cold heading before precipitation aging. Alloy 465-A has a yield strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 94% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). Alloy 465-A has a density of 7.78 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 57% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). H1000 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; A is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 85/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- High strength — 760 MPa (110 ksi), better than 94% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 6.5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 90% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 18%, worse than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 52/100, worse than 76% of stainless steel grades
Alloy 465-A properties
Typical room-temperature values for Alloy 465-A; 16 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Alloy 465 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
Alloy 465-A has a density of 7.78 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 57% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
Alloy 465-A has a yield strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 94% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
Alloy 465-A is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 16 W/m·K (9.24 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 58% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.4 µm/m·K (5.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Alloy 465-A conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (52/100), worse than 76% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Alloy 465-A takes about 80 MJ of energy and emits 6.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 89% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Alloy 465-A's machinability is fair (40/100, better than 72% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (65/100); formability fair (40/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with Alloy 465-A
Is Alloy 465 easy to machine?
Machine in the solution-treated (A) condition where possible; aged 45–50 HRC material needs rigid setups, positive-rake carbide or CBN, heavy coolant and low-to-moderate speed, and allowance for ~0.05 % growth on aging.
Can Alloy 465 be welded?
GTAW/EBW/laser weld readily with autogenous or matching filler; solution treat and re-age after welding to restore full properties, preheat is not required.
Can Alloy 465 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form, head or draw only in the annealed condition (work-hardens quickly); hot work 1065–1150 °C then solution treat before aging — aged material is essentially non-formable.
What surface finishes work on Alloy 465?
Passivate per AMS 2700 (nitric or citric); takes a fine mirror polish for surgical use. Avoid acid pickling / unbaked electroplating on high-strength tempers — bake at 190 °C for hydrogen relief.
Alloy 465 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon, VIM-VAR melt | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.25 | 0.1 |
| Si | ≤ 0.25 | 0.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Crcorrosion resistance | 11 – 12.5 | 11.75 |
| Niforms Ni3Ti strengthening phase | 10.75 – 11.25 | 11 |
| Mo | 0.75 – 1.25 | 1 |
| Tiprimary age-hardening element | 1.5 – 1.8 | 1.65 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.5 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
Alloy 465-A — frequently asked
What is Alloy 465-A used for?
Alloy 465-A is typically used for aerospace landing gear components, high-strength structural fasteners, actuator shafts and critical rotating parts. In short: cobalt-free 17-4 PH upgrade; 46 HRC after aging; high strength-to-toughness ratio.
What is the yield strength of Alloy 465-A?
Alloy 465-A has a typical yield strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 94% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is Alloy 465-A easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, better than 72% of stainless steel grades). Machine in the solution-treated (A) condition where possible; aged 45–50 HRC material needs rigid setups, positive-rake carbide or CBN, heavy coolant and low-to-moderate speed, and allowance for ~0.05 % growth on aging.
Can Alloy 465-A be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (65/100). GTAW/EBW/laser weld readily with autogenous or matching filler; solution treat and re-age after welding to restore full properties, preheat is not required.
What surface finishes work on Alloy 465-A?
Passivate per AMS 2700 (nitric or citric); takes a fine mirror polish for surgical use. Avoid acid pickling / unbaked electroplating on high-strength tempers — bake at 190 °C for hydrogen relief.
Can Alloy 465-A be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form, head or draw only in the annealed condition (work-hardens quickly); hot work 1065–1150 °C then solution treat before aging — aged material is essentially non-formable.
What is the maximum service temperature of Alloy 465-A?
Alloy 465-A is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Alloy 465-H1000 and Alloy 465-A?
H1000 is the default condition — best all-round strength/toughness balance and the condition covered by AMS 5936 — the default stocked bar condition. A: softest supply condition for machining, deep drawing or cold heading before precipitation aging. Yield strength is 1,586 MPa in H1000 versus 760 MPa in A.
Sources
- Custom 465 Stainless (UNS S46500) alloy datasheet — Carpenter Technology (2020)
- AMS 5936 — Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Bars and Forgings, 12Cr-11Ni-1.7Ti, Precipitation Hardenable — SAE International (2018)
- ASTM A564/A564M — Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes — ASTM International (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.