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Twaron · grade · default condition

Twaron 1000

Properties of the 1000 condition, compared with the other Twaron grades.

General-purpose para-aramid yarn for ropes, cables, protective textiles and rubber reinforcement.

High cost $$$$
Quote a part in Twaron 1000Twaron overview

What is Twaron 1000?

Twaron 1000 is Twaron in the 1000 grade — general-purpose para-aramid yarn for ropes, cables, protective textiles and rubber reinforcement. Twaron 1000 has a tensile strength of 3,100 MPa (450 ksi), stronger than 82% of composite grades. Elongation at break is 3.6% and the elastic modulus is 70 GPa (10.2 Msi). Twaron 1000 has a density of 1.44 g/cm³ (0.052 lb/in³), lighter than 62% of composite grades. Its glass-transition temperature is 340°C (644 °F).

Advantages

  • Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 3.6%, better than 80% of composite grades

Limitations

  • Absorbs moisture — dry before molding — 4.5%, worse than 95% of composite grades
  • Degrades in UV without stabilisers — 20/100, worse than 94% of composite grades
  • Poor heat conductor — 0.05 W/m·K (0.0289 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 87% of composite grades

Twaron 1000 properties

Typical room-temperature values for Twaron 1000 — 5 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every Twaron grade. Each bar shows where the value sits among the composite grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.

Physical3

Twaron 1000 has a density of 1.44 g/cm³ (0.052 lb/in³), lighter than 62% of composite grades. Its glass-transition temperature is 340°C (644 °F).

Density1.44 g/cm³0.05 lb/in³
Glass Transition (Tg)340°C644 °F
Water Absorption (24 h)4.5%

Mechanical6

Twaron 1000 has a tensile strength of 3,100 MPa (450 ksi), stronger than 82% of composite grades. Elongation at break is 3.6% and the elastic modulus is 70 GPa (10.2 Msi).

Elastic (Young's) Modulus70 GPa10.2 Msi
Shear Modulus2.9 GPa0.42 Msi
Poisson's Ratio0.36
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)3,100 MPa450 ksi
Elongation at Break3.6%
Compressive Strength400 MPa58 ksi

Thermal8

Twaron 1000 is rated for continuous service to 180°C (356 °F). It conducts heat at 0.05 W/m·K (0.0289 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 87% of composite grades. Thermal expansion is -3.5 µm/m·K (-1.94 µin/in·°F).

Thermal Conductivity0.05 W/m·K0.03 BTU/hr·ft·°F
Specific Heat Capacity1,420 J/kg·K0.34 BTU/lb·°F
Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)-3.5 µm/m·K-1.9 µin/in·°F
Max Service Temperature (continuous)180°C356 °F
Min Service Temperature-196°C-321 °F
Flammability (UL 94)Self-extinguishing, non-melting and non-dripping; carbonizes rather than melts, LOI ≈ 29 %
Limiting Oxygen Index29%
Max Service Temperature (short-term)250°C482 °F

Electrical3

Twaron 1000 has an electrical resistivity of 1×10¹² Ω·m.

Electrical Resistivity1×10¹² Ω·m3.94×10¹⁹ µΩ·in
Dielectric Constant (1 MHz)4
Volume Resistivity1×10¹⁴ Ω·cm

Chemical & Environmental3

Corrosion resistance is very good (80/100), better than 54% of composite grades. UV resistance is poor.

Corrosion ResistanceVery good80/100
UV / Weathering ResistancePoor20/100
Chemical Resistance SummaryExcellent against hydrocarbons, oils, most organic solvents and neutral salts; attacked by strong mineral acids, concentrated alkalis, hypochlorite bleach and hot steam (hydrolysis); must be shielded from sunlight/UV.

Sustainability4

Producing a kilogram of Twaron 1000 takes about 280 MJ of energy and emits 16 kg of CO₂ — more than 62% of composite grades. Typical recycled content is 0%.

Embodied Energy (primary production)280 MJ/kg120,378 BTU/lb
Embodied Carbon (primary production)16 kg CO₂/kg
Embodied Water400 L/kg47.9 gal/lb
Typical Recycled Content0%

Manufacturability1

Twaron 1000's machinability is poor (25/100, worse than 65% of composite grades).

MachinabilityPoor25/100

Common Calculations4

Specific Strength (UTS / density)calculated2,153 kN·m/kg
Specific Stiffness (E / density)calculated48.6 MN·m/kg
Thermal Diffusivitycalculated0 mm²/s
Thermal Shock Resistance Indexcalculated-1

Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.

Other Twaron grades and fills

Twaron is also supplied in 9 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the Twaron overview.

Working with Twaron 1000

Is Twaron easy to machine?

Cuts fuzz badly — use serrated/hot knives, sharp carbide or PCD tools with high rake and backing plate, or abrasive waterjet; expect rapid tool dulling and hairy edges.

Can Twaron be welded?

Not weldable; joints are made by knotting/splicing, RFL adhesive bonding to rubber, or resin bonding in laminates.

Can Twaron be formed, bent or molded?

Processed by weaving, braiding, filament winding, pultrusion and prepreg lay-up; dry fibre must be conditioned (moisture ≤ 1 %) and vacuum-dried before resin infusion to avoid voids.

What surface finishes work on Twaron?

Difficult to dye (usually solution- or pigment-coloured); requires UV-blocking jacket, coating or paint for outdoor service; surface plasma/epoxy sizing improves resin adhesion.

Twaron chemical composition (wt %)

Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.

ElementSpec limit (wt %)Nominal
p-phenylenediamine (PPD) repeat unitone of the two PPTA backbone monomers≈ 5050
terephthaloyl (TDC/terephthalic) repeat one of the two PPTA backbone monomers≈ 5050
spin finish / surface treatmentspin finish or adhesive-activation treatment, varies by product0.2 – 1.50.6

Twaron 1000 — frequently asked

What is Twaron 1000 used for?

Twaron 1000 is typically used for ballistic protection, ropes and cables, friction/gasket materials and composite reinforcement. In short: direct Kevlar equivalent; broadest aramid form range; widely stocked in Europe.

What is the tensile strength of Twaron 1000?

Twaron 1000 has a typical tensile strength of 3,100 MPa (450 ksi) — stronger than 82% of composite grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.

Is Twaron 1000 easy to machine?

Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, worse than 65% of composite grades). Cuts fuzz badly — use serrated/hot knives, sharp carbide or PCD tools with high rake and backing plate, or abrasive waterjet; expect rapid tool dulling and hairy edges.

Can Twaron 1000 be welded?

Not weldable; joints are made by knotting/splicing, RFL adhesive bonding to rubber, or resin bonding in laminates.

What surface finishes work on Twaron 1000?

Difficult to dye (usually solution- or pigment-coloured); requires UV-blocking jacket, coating or paint for outdoor service; surface plasma/epoxy sizing improves resin adhesion.

Can Twaron 1000 be formed, bent or molded?

Processed by weaving, braiding, filament winding, pultrusion and prepreg lay-up; dry fibre must be conditioned (moisture ≤ 1 %) and vacuum-dried before resin infusion to avoid voids.

What is the maximum service temperature of Twaron 1000?

Twaron 1000 is rated for continuous use to about 180°C (356 °F), and briefly to 250°C. Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.

Sources

  1. Twaron Product Brochure & Technical Guide (yarn, staple, short-cut, pulp) — Teijin Aramid (2022)
  2. ASM Engineered Materials Handbook Vol. 1: Composites — ASM International (1987)
  3. MMPDS / composite lamina typical property tables (aramid/epoxy) — Battelle (2021)

Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.