Basalt Fiber
GB GB/T 25045
Basalt Fiber is a mineral fiber melt-spun from basalt rock, supplied to GB/T 25045 as roving, chopped and milled fiber, yarn, woven fabric, chopped strand mat, BFRP rebar, wool and PP-sized or HT grades.
Reference datasheet — Basalt Fiber is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Basalt Fiber grades and fills
Basalt Fiber is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard.
Compare all 6 grades and fillsHide
| Grade · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basalt mineral wool | Choose this discontinuous ultra-fine fibre board or blanket when 0.038 W/m·K conductivity, non-combustibility and 650 °C service matter rather than mechanical strength. | 0.01 | |||
Chopped strand mat / needled mat | Pick the chopped strand or needled mat for hand lay-up laminates and fire-protection insulating layers; it wets out fast but is randomly oriented, so properties are isotropic and low. | 130 | 1.8 | ||
BFRP rebar / pultruded rod (epoxy or vinyl-ester matrix) | Use the pultruded rebar or rod to replace steel bar in marine, tunnel-boring and de-icing-salt environments: non-corroding and non-magnetic, but modulus is a quarter of steel and it cannot be bent on site. | 1,100 | 2.3 | ||
Milled fibre | Pick 0.1–1 mm milled micro-fibre as a reinforcing filler in friction materials, coatings, adhesives and resins, replacing asbestos and milled glass fibre, at 2500 MPa fibre strength. | 2,500 | 3 | ||
Chopped strand | Use 3–24 mm chopped strand to control cracking and toughen cement-based materials or to reinforce PP/PA moulding compounds; alkali resistance allows direct use in concrete. | 2,900 | 3.1 | ||
High-temperature / high-modulus grade | Select the ore-selected melt with controlled Fe/Ti and low alkali when 95 GPa modulus and 680 °C service are required for friction, thermal-insulation and aerospace parts. | 3,300 | 3.2 |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways Basalt Fiber is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. A reinforced fill changes stiffness and elongation; the branded products above carry the filled values.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
ROVINGDefault | Direct roving | Supply form |
YARN | Twisted yarn | Supply form |
FABRIC | Woven fabric / woven roving | Reinforcement |
PP-SIZED | Thermoplastic-compatible sizing | Surface finish |
What is Basalt Fiber?
Basalt Fiber is a mineral fiber melt-spun from basalt rock, supplied to GB/T 25045 as roving, chopped and milled fiber, yarn, woven fabric, chopped strand mat, BFRP rebar, wool and PP-sized or HT grades. It processes much like E-glass but offers a higher 89 GPa modulus, 3000 MPa tensile strength, 3.1% elongation and thermal stability to 600 C with better alkali and chemical resistance. The fiber is brittle, cannot be re-bent once formed, and mechanical data varies more between suppliers than for glass; it is also harder to source in the US. E-glass remains the lower-cost alternative where temperature and modulus allow. Basalt Fiber has a density of 2.67 g/cm³ (0.0965 lb/in³), heavier than 84% of composite grades. Basalt Fiber has a tensile strength of 3,000 MPa (435 ksi), stronger than 81% of composite grades. Elongation at break is 3.1% and the elastic modulus is 89 GPa (12.9 Msi).
What is Basalt Fiber used for?
- rebar reinforcement
- fireproof textiles
- automotive and marine composites
- geotextiles
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.8 kg CO₂/kg, better than 98% of composite grades
- Low moisture uptake — 0.05%, better than 94% of composite grades
- High service temperature — 600°C (1,112 °F), better than 88% of composite grades
- Good UV / weathering resistance — 95/100, better than 78% of composite grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 3.1%, better than 77% of composite grades
Limitations
- Poor heat conductor — 0.04 W/m·K (0.0202 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 94% of composite grades
- Heavy — 2.67 g/cm³ (0.0965 lb/in³), worse than 84% of composite grades
Basalt Fiber properties
Typical room-temperature values; bars are the position among composite grades.
Physical3
Basalt Fiber has a density of 2.67 g/cm³ (0.0965 lb/in³), heavier than 84% of composite grades.
Mechanical6
Basalt Fiber has a tensile strength of 3,000 MPa (435 ksi), stronger than 81% of composite grades. Elongation at break is 3.1% and the elastic modulus is 89 GPa (12.9 Msi).
Thermal8
Basalt Fiber is rated for continuous service to 600°C (1,112 °F). It conducts heat at 0.04 W/m·K (0.0202 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 94% of composite grades. Thermal expansion is 8 µm/m·K (4.44 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
Basalt Fiber has an electrical resistivity of 1×10¹² Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (85/100), better than 65% of composite grades. UV resistance is excellent.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Basalt Fiber takes about 22 MJ of energy and emits 1.8 kg of CO₂ — less than 98% of composite grades. Typical recycled content is 0%.
Manufacturability1
Basalt Fiber's machinability is poor (25/100, worse than 65% of composite grades).
Common Calculations4
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the composite family
Yield strength against density for every composite grade FabDigit runs. Basalt Fiber is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with Basalt Fiber
Is Basalt Fiber easy to machine?
Cured basalt-fiber composites are highly abrasive; use diamond or PCD tooling at high spindle speed and low feed with dust extraction to avoid delamination and edge burrs.
Can Basalt Fiber be welded?
Inorganic fiber cannot be welded; BFRP parts are joined by adhesive bonding, mechanical fastening or co-curing with the resin.
Can Basalt Fiber be formed, bent or molded?
Suitable for pultrusion, filament winding, vacuum infusion, RTM, SMC/BMC and chopped-fiber reinforced injection moulding. The fiber is brittle, so control bend radius and tension during processing; finished parts cannot be bent a second time.
Basalt Fiber chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| SiO2network former; varies with ore source | 45 – 60 | 52 |
| Al2O3 | 12 – 19 | 16 |
| Fe2O3+FeOiron oxides give the fiber its gold-brown color | 5 – 15 | 10 |
| CaO | 5 – 12 | 8.5 |
| MgO | 3 – 8 | 5 |
| Na2O+K2Oalkali content affects hydrolysis resistance | 1.5 – 6 | 3.5 |
| TiO2 | 0.5 – 2.5 | 1.2 |
| sizing (silane, )surface coating, not counted in the glass phase | 0.3 – 1.5 | 0.7 |
| (MnO, P2O5, SO3) | ≥ 0 (balance) |
What surface finishes work on Basalt Fiber?
The sizing determines resin adhesion and must be matched to the matrix system. Seal cut edges with resin and use mineral-fiber dust protection when cutting or handling.
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Basalt Fiber in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- GB (China)
- GB/T 25045
How much does Basalt Fiber cost?
Basalt Fiber is a standard-cost composite ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Basalt Fiber — frequently asked
What is Basalt Fiber used for?
Basalt Fiber is typically used for rebar reinforcement, fireproof textiles, automotive and marine composites and geotextiles. In short: stiffer than E-glass; service to 600 C; good alkali resistance.
What is the tensile strength of Basalt Fiber?
Basalt Fiber has a typical tensile strength of 3,000 MPa (435 ksi) — stronger than 81% of composite grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is Basalt Fiber easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, worse than 65% of composite grades). Cured basalt-fiber composites are highly abrasive; use diamond or PCD tooling at high spindle speed and low feed with dust extraction to avoid delamination and edge burrs.
Can Basalt Fiber be welded?
Inorganic fiber cannot be welded; BFRP parts are joined by adhesive bonding, mechanical fastening or co-curing with the resin.
What surface finishes work on Basalt Fiber?
The sizing determines resin adhesion and must be matched to the matrix system. Seal cut edges with resin and use mineral-fiber dust protection when cutting or handling.
Can Basalt Fiber be formed, bent or molded?
Suitable for pultrusion, filament winding, vacuum infusion, RTM, SMC/BMC and chopped-fiber reinforced injection moulding. The fiber is brittle, so control bend radius and tension during processing; finished parts cannot be bent a second time.
What is the maximum service temperature of Basalt Fiber?
Basalt Fiber is rated for continuous use to about 600°C (1,112 °F), and briefly to 900°C. Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does Basalt Fiber cost?
Basalt Fiber is a standard-cost composite ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- Continuous Basalt Fiber Roving technical data — Kamenny Vek / (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 21: Composites — inorganic fibres — ASM International (2001)
- Basalt fibre property compilations (Composites Part B / Construction & Building Materials reviews) — Elsevier (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.