C1
GB YG8 · ISO K30
C1 is the US ANSI/industry classification for straight WC-Co cemented carbide (equivalent to YG8) within the C1-C4 K-group system, using a high cobalt binder for toughness rather than peak hardness.
Reference datasheet — C1 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the YG8-MG condition
C1 tempers and conditions
C1 is supplied in 5 conditions, soft to hard. YG8-MG is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YG8 sinter-HIP | Pick the sintered plus hot isostatically pressed version when residual porosity must be removed for higher transverse rupture strength and fatigue life in precision inserts and high-stress dies. | 1,250 | 0 | 1,500 HV | 78 W/m·K | |
WC-11Co, coarse grain, high toughness | Choose the high-cobalt coarse-grain grade when impact toughness outranks wear life: heavy-duty stamping dies, mill rolls, forging hammers and mining drill tools. | 1,200 HV | 80 W/m·K | |||
WC-8Co, coarse grain 3–6 µm | Choose the coarse-grain 3–6 µm WC-8Co version for better impact and thermal-crack resistance in rock drill bits, mining tools and heavy shock-loaded service. | 1,320 HV | 85 W/m·K | |||
YG8-MGDefault YG8 | Use WC-8Co with 1.5–2.5 µm medium grain as the default for general roughing, interrupted cutting and stamping dies, balancing strength against hardness. | 1,480 HV | 75 W/m·K | |||
WC-6Co, medium grain | Pick the lower-cobalt WC-6Co medium-grain version when higher hardness and wear resistance are needed for semi-finish and finish machining of cast iron and non-ferrous metals and for wear parts. | 1,580 HV | 80 W/m·K |
What is C1?
C1 is the US ANSI/industry classification for straight WC-Co cemented carbide (equivalent to YG8) within the C1-C4 K-group system, using a high cobalt binder for toughness rather than peak hardness. Engineers specify it for roughing cast iron and non-ferrous metals; it is supplied as pressed-and-sintered blanks, brazed tool tips and wear parts, including YG8-MG, YG8C, YG11C and sinter-HIP variants. Density is 14.7 g/cm3, elastic modulus 610 GPa and thermal conductivity 75 W/m·K, but service is limited to about 550 °C and the cobalt binder keeps corrosion resistance moderate. C2/YG6 is the next step when wear resistance outweighs edge toughness. C1 has a density of 14.7 g/cm³ (0.531 lb/in³), heavier than 93% of ceramic grades. It melts at 1,320°C (2,408 °F). C1 has a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi), stronger than 88% of ceramic grades. Elongation at break is 0% and the elastic modulus is 610 GPa (88.5 Msi).
What is C1 used for?
- roughing cast iron
- non-ferrous roughing
- general wear parts
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 12 MPa·√m (10.9 ksi·√in), better than 93% of ceramic grades
- Stiff — 610 GPa (88.5 Msi), better than 92% of ceramic grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 40/100, worse than 96% of ceramic grades
- Heavy — 14.7 g/cm³ (0.531 lb/in³), worse than 93% of ceramic grades
C1 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C1-YG8-MG; bars are the position among ceramic grades.
Physical3
C1 has a density of 14.7 g/cm³ (0.531 lb/in³), heavier than 93% of ceramic grades. It melts at 1,320°C (2,408 °F).
Mechanical13
C1 has a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi), stronger than 88% of ceramic grades. Elongation at break is 0% and the elastic modulus is 610 GPa (88.5 Msi).
Thermal5
C1 is rated for continuous service to 550°C (1,022 °F). It conducts heat at 75 W/m·K (43.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 73% of ceramic grades. Thermal expansion is 5.2 µm/m·K (2.89 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
C1 has an electrical resistivity of 2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is fair (40/100), worse than 96% of ceramic grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C1 takes about 90 MJ of energy and emits 5.5 kg of CO₂ — less than 62% of ceramic grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability3
C1's machinability is not recommended (4/100, worse than 85% of ceramic grades).
Common Calculations4
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the ceramic family
Yield strength against density for every ceramic grade FabDigit runs. C1 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with C1
Is C1 easy to machine?
After sintering the material can only be shaped by diamond wheel grinding, EDM/wire EDM or laser machining. Complex profiles should be rough-formed in the green or pre-sintered state with carbide or PCD tooling and then sintered to final size.
Can C1 be welded?
Not fusion weldable. Join to steel bodies by vacuum or induction brazing with silver-base fillers (BAg-24, BAg-1), controlling the heating rate to prevent braze cracking.
Can C1 be formed, bent or molded?
Powder pressing (die pressing, isostatic pressing or extrusion) followed by liquid-phase sintering at 1380-1460 °C or sinter-HIP. Linear shrinkage is about 17-22 %, so tooling must be designed to the shrinkage factor.
C1 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cobinder phase | 7.5 – 8.5 | 8 |
| TaC+NbCoptional grain-growth inhibitor / trace addition | 0 – 0.5 | 0.2 |
| C (total)total carbon, kept in two-phase field to avoid η phase or free C | 5.3 – 5.6 | 5.45 |
| WCbalance; tungsten carbide hard phase, medium grain 1.5–2.5 µm | balance |
What surface finishes work on C1?
Diamond lapping and polishing reach Ra 0.02-0.05 µm. PVD TiN/TiAlN or CVD coatings can be applied to raise wear resistance; the grade is not suited to electroplating, and passivation or rust protection applies only to the steel carrier body.
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to C1 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- ISO
- K30
- GB (China)
- YG8
How much does C1 cost?
C1 is a high-cost ceramic ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
C1 — frequently asked
What is C1 used for?
C1 is typically used for roughing cast iron, non-ferrous roughing and general wear parts. In short: toughest straight-carbide grade; cast iron roughing standard; high-cobalt WC-Co.
What is the tensile strength of C1?
C1 has a typical tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi) — stronger than 88% of ceramic grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is C1 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (4/100, worse than 85% of ceramic grades). After sintering the material can only be shaped by diamond wheel grinding, EDM/wire EDM or laser machining. Complex profiles should be rough-formed in the green or pre-sintered state with carbide or PCD tooling and then sintered to final size.
Can C1 be welded?
Not fusion weldable. Join to steel bodies by vacuum or induction brazing with silver-base fillers (BAg-24, BAg-1), controlling the heating rate to prevent braze cracking.
What surface finishes work on C1?
Diamond lapping and polishing reach Ra 0.02-0.05 µm. PVD TiN/TiAlN or CVD coatings can be applied to raise wear resistance; the grade is not suited to electroplating, and passivation or rust protection applies only to the steel carrier body.
Can C1 be formed, bent or molded?
Powder pressing (die pressing, isostatic pressing or extrusion) followed by liquid-phase sintering at 1380-1460 °C or sinter-HIP. Linear shrinkage is about 17-22 %, so tooling must be designed to the shrinkage factor.
What is the maximum service temperature of C1?
C1 is rated for continuous use to about 550°C (1,022 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does C1 cost?
C1 is a high-cost ceramic ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ISO 513 Classification and application of hard cutting materials — ISO (2012)
- ISO 4505 Hardmetals — Metallographic determination of porosity and uncombined carbon — ISO (1978)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Cemented Carbides — ASM International (1990)
- Cemented carbide grade data (WC-Co straight grades) — Sandvik Hard Materials / (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.