C-210 HD
Supply condition
HD = high-zircon / isostatically pressed high-density body
Zircon-rich, isostatically pressed variant for the highest strength and lowest loss within the C 210 class; used for thin-wall or highly stressed insulating parts.
Values for the HD condition
What is C-210 HD?
C-210 HD is C-210 supplied in the HD condition — zircon-rich, isostatically pressed variant for the highest strength and lowest loss within the C 210 class; used for thin-wall or highly stressed insulating parts. C-210 HD has a tensile strength of 70 MPa (10.2 ksi), weaker than 60% of ceramic grades. The elastic modulus is 165 GPa (23.9 Msi). C-210 HD has a density of 3.8 g/cm³ (0.137 lb/in³), lighter than 61% of ceramic grades.
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.8 kg CO₂/kg, better than 95% of ceramic grades
C-210 HD properties
Typical room-temperature values for C-210 HD; 9 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are C-210 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among ceramic grades.
Physical2
C-210 HD has a density of 3.8 g/cm³ (0.137 lb/in³), lighter than 61% of ceramic grades.
Mechanical10
C-210 HD has a tensile strength of 70 MPa (10.2 ksi), weaker than 60% of ceramic grades. The elastic modulus is 165 GPa (23.9 Msi).
Thermal5
C-210 HD is rated for continuous service to 1,050°C (1,922 °F). It conducts heat at 4.2 W/m·K (2.43 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 65% of ceramic grades. Thermal expansion is 4.5 µm/m·K (2.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical5
C-210 HD is an electrical insulator with a dielectric strength of 20 kV/mm (508 V/mil) and a resistivity of 1×10¹² Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is excellent (85/100), better than 69% of ceramic grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C-210 HD takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.8 kg of CO₂ — less than 96% of ceramic grades. Typical recycled content is 5%.
Manufacturability3
C-210 HD's machinability is not recommended (5/100, worse than 59% of ceramic grades).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with C-210 HD
Is C-210 easy to machine?
Green/bisque state can be turned or drilled with carbide; after firing only diamond grinding, lapping and ultrasonic/laser drilling are practical.
Can C-210 be welded?
Not weldable — join by glass frit sealing, active-metal brazing to metallized surfaces, or cemented/mechanical assembly.
Can C-210 be formed, bent or molded?
Dry pressing, isostatic pressing, extrusion or slip casting of the plastic clay-bearing body, then single firing at ~1250–1400 °C with ~12–16 % linear shrinkage.
What surface finishes work on C-210?
Options are as-fired, ground/lapped surfaces, sealing glaze, or Mo-Mn metallization plus Ni plating for brazed metal-to-ceramic joints.
C-210 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| ZrO2 (as ZrSiO4)zircon flour as strengthening/opacifying phase | 20 – 40 | 30 |
| SiO2from zircon, quartz and clay | 35 – 50 | 42 |
| Al2O3from kaolin/clay, mullite forming | 12 – 25 | 18 |
| K2O+Na2Ofeldspar flux, controls glassy phase and loss | 1 – 5 | 3 |
| CaO+MgO+Fe2O3+TiO2minor oxides / impurities | 0 – 4 | 2 |
| glassy silicate bond phasebalance, formed on firing | balance | — |
C-210 HD — frequently asked
What is C-210 HD used for?
C-210 HD is typically used for high-voltage insulators, spark plug bodies and electronic insulating components. In short: strongest electrical porcelain; lower loss than steatite; glazable and metallizable.
What is the tensile strength of C-210 HD?
C-210 HD has a typical tensile strength of 70 MPa (10.2 ksi) — weaker than 60% of ceramic grades.
Is C-210 HD easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (5/100, worse than 59% of ceramic grades). Green/bisque state can be turned or drilled with carbide; after firing only diamond grinding, lapping and ultrasonic/laser drilling are practical.
Can C-210 HD be welded?
Not weldable — join by glass frit sealing, active-metal brazing to metallized surfaces, or cemented/mechanical assembly.
What surface finishes work on C-210 HD?
Options are as-fired, ground/lapped surfaces, sealing glaze, or Mo-Mn metallization plus Ni plating for brazed metal-to-ceramic joints.
Can C-210 HD be formed, bent or molded?
Dry pressing, isostatic pressing, extrusion or slip casting of the plastic clay-bearing body, then single firing at ~1250–1400 °C with ~12–16 % linear shrinkage.
What is the maximum service temperature of C-210 HD?
C-210 HD is rated for continuous use to about 1,050°C (1,922 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Sources
- IEC 60672-1 Ceramic and glass insulating materials — Definitions and classification — IEC (1995)
- IEC 60672-3 Ceramic and glass insulating materials — Specifications for individual materials — IEC (1997)
- ASM Engineered Materials Handbook Vol. 4: Ceramics and Glasses — ASM International (1991)
- Technical porcelain / zircon-reinforced silicate ceramic datasheets — CeramTec / Ensinger / Kyocera (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.