FabDigit

AgBr

AgBr is a soft, plastic, non-hygroscopic silver halide crystal transmitting to about 35 µm, supplied as optical single crystal, extrusion-grade and hot-pressed polycrystal.

High cost $$$$

Reference datasheet — AgBr is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.

Values for the SC-OPT condition

AgBr tempers and conditions

AgBr is supplied in 3 conditions, soft to hard. SC-OPT is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.

Compare all 3 conditionsHide
Condition · open for datasheetBest forYield MPaTensile MPaElong. %HardnessConductivity
SC-OPTDefault
Optical-grade single crystal
Choose for windows, ATR prisms and lenses where lowest scatter and best IR transmission are needed.20401 W/m·K
Hot-pressed / forged polycrystalline blank
Choose for large, low-cost windows and gaskets where slight scatter is acceptable.242010 HV1 W/m·K
Extruded polycrystalline rod / IR fiber preform
Choose when the material must be cold-extruded into unclad far-IR fibres or flexible light guides.28509 HV1 W/m·K

What is AgBr?

AgBr is a soft, plastic, non-hygroscopic silver halide crystal transmitting to about 35 µm, supplied as optical single crystal, extrusion-grade and hot-pressed polycrystal. Room-temperature ductility (about 40% elongation at 20 MPa tensile strength) allows cold extrusion into far-IR fibre, and the moisture resistance suits humid and marine service where KBr or KCl fail. Limits are a 200 °C maximum service temperature, 1.1 W/m·K thermal conductivity, light sensitivity and high reflection loss from n≈2.25, which requires AR coating. AgCl is the nearest alternative with a shorter IR cutoff. AgBr has a density of 6.47 g/cm³ (0.234 lb/in³), heavier than 98% of glass grades. It melts at 432°C (810 °F). AgBr has a tensile strength of 20 MPa (2.9 ksi), weaker than 89% of glass grades. Elongation at break is 40% and the elastic modulus is 22 GPa (3.19 Msi).

What is AgBr used for?

  • far-IR fiber optics
  • IR windows in humid/marine settings
  • radiometry components

Advantages

  • Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 40%, better than 100% of glass grades

Limitations

  • Heavy — 6.47 g/cm³ (0.234 lb/in³), worse than 98% of glass grades
  • Low stiffness — 22 GPa (3.19 Msi), worse than 92% of glass grades
  • High embodied carbon — 70 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 90% of glass grades
  • Limited service temperature — 200°C (392 °F), worse than 88% of glass grades
  • Hard to polish — 55/100, worse than 85% of glass grades

AgBr properties

Typical room-temperature values for AgBr-SC-OPT; bars are the position among glass grades.

Physical5

AgBr has a density of 6.47 g/cm³ (0.234 lb/in³), heavier than 98% of glass grades. It melts at 432°C (810 °F).

Density6.47 g/cm³0.23 lb/in³
Melting Point (Solidus)432°C810 °F
Refractive Index2.25
Light Transmission76%
Porosity0%

Mechanical11

AgBr has a tensile strength of 20 MPa (2.9 ksi), weaker than 89% of glass grades. Elongation at break is 40% and the elastic modulus is 22 GPa (3.19 Msi).

Elastic (Young's) Modulus22 GPa3.2 Msi
Shear Modulus8 GPa1.2 Msi
Bulk Modulus40 GPa5.8 Msi
Poisson's Ratio0.4
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)20 MPa2.9 ksi
Elongation at Break40%
Compressive Strength45 MPa6.5 ksi
Flexural Strength22 MPa3.2 ksi
Hardness, Vickers8 HV
Hardness, Knoop7 HK
Hardness, Mohs1.8

Thermal5

AgBr is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 1.1 W/m·K (0.636 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 68% of glass grades. Thermal expansion is 33 µm/m·K (18.3 µin/in·°F).

Thermal Conductivity1.1 W/m·K0.64 BTU/hr·ft·°F
Specific Heat Capacity280 J/kg·K0.07 BTU/lb·°F
Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)33 µm/m·K18.3 µin/in·°F
Max Service Temperature (continuous)200°C392 °F
Min Service Temperature-180°C-292 °F

Electrical3

AgBr has an electrical resistivity of 1,000,000 Ω·m.

Electrical Resistivity1,000,000 Ω·m3.94×10¹³ µΩ·in
Dielectric Constant (1 MHz)12.5
Volume Resistivity1×10⁸ Ω·cm

Chemical & Environmental2

Corrosion resistance is very good (72/100), worse than 53% of glass grades.

Corrosion ResistanceVery good72/100
Chemical Resistance Summary—

Sustainability4

Producing a kilogram of AgBr takes about 900 MJ of energy and emits 70 kg of CO₂ — more than 89% of glass grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.

Embodied Energy (primary production)900 MJ/kg386,931 BTU/lb
Embodied Carbon (primary production)70 kg CO₂/kg
Embodied Water400 L/kg47.9 gal/lb
Typical Recycled Content40%

Manufacturability2

AgBr's machinability is poor (30/100, better than 71% of glass grades).

MachinabilityPoor30/100
PolishabilityGood55/100

Common Calculations4

Specific Strength (UTS / density)calculated3 kN·m/kg
Specific Stiffness (E / density)calculated3.4 MN·m/kg
Thermal Diffusivitycalculated0.6 mm²/s
Thermal Shock Resistance Indexcalculated0

Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.

Strength versus weight in the glass family

Yield strength against density for every glass grade FabDigit runs. AgBr is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.

501002005002.533.5Density (g/cm³)Yield strength (MPa) — log scale

Working with AgBr

Is AgBr easy to machine?

Very soft and prone to smearing on the tool — use single-point diamond turning or light-load diamond sawing. Cutting fluids must be free of ammonia and sulfides, and aluminium or copper fixtures must not be used.

Can AgBr be welded?

Not weldable; components are cold-welded by press or extrusion plastic deformation, or bonded with optical cement.

Can AgBr be formed, bent or molded?

Flows plastically at room temperature, so it can be cold extruded into IR fibre or hot pressed into window blanks. Forming temperature is typically 100–250 °C, with silver-plated or graphite dies.

AgBr chemical composition (wt %)

Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.

ElementSpec limit (wt %)Nominal
Agstoichiometric AgBr, M = 187.77 g/mol57.2 – 57.757.45
impuritiestypical 4N–5N raw salt; Cl, I, Fe, Cu, Pb controlled at ppm level≤ 0.050.01
Br≥ 42.3 (balance)

What surface finishes work on AgBr?

Wet polish with very fine diamond slurry in anhydrous or neutral media. Store polished parts away from light; AR coating is normally applied to offset the high reflection loss from n≈2.25.

How much does AgBr cost?

AgBr is a high-cost glass ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.

AgBr — frequently asked

What is AgBr used for?

AgBr is typically used for far-IR fiber optics, IR windows in humid/marine settings and radiometry components. In short: transmits to 35 µm; non-hygroscopic silver halide; cold-extrudable into fibre.

What is the tensile strength of AgBr?

AgBr has a typical tensile strength of 20 MPa (2.9 ksi) — weaker than 89% of glass grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.

Is AgBr easy to machine?

Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, better than 71% of glass grades). Very soft and prone to smearing on the tool — use single-point diamond turning or light-load diamond sawing. Cutting fluids must be free of ammonia and sulfides, and aluminium or copper fixtures must not be used.

Can AgBr be welded?

Not weldable; components are cold-welded by press or extrusion plastic deformation, or bonded with optical cement.

What surface finishes work on AgBr?

Wet polish with very fine diamond slurry in anhydrous or neutral media. Store polished parts away from light; AR coating is normally applied to offset the high reflection loss from n≈2.25.

Can AgBr be formed, bent or molded?

Flows plastically at room temperature, so it can be cold extruded into IR fibre or hot pressed into window blanks. Forming temperature is typically 100–250 °C, with silver-plated or graphite dies.

What is the maximum service temperature of AgBr?

AgBr is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.

How much does AgBr cost?

AgBr is a high-cost glass ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.

Sources

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics — silver bromide physical data — CRC Press (2021)
  2. Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Palik) — AgBr — Academic Press (1998)
  3. Infrared window & ATR crystal material property tables (silver halides) — IR optics manufacturers (2023)
  4. Elastic constants of alkali/silver halides — Landolt-Börnstein (1992)

Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.