Cobalt-Chrome Alloy Tribaloy T-400
UNS R30400
Tribaloy T-400 is a Laves-phase strengthened Co-Mo-Cr-Si hardfacing alloy (UNS R30400) supplied as weld overlay consumables, thermal-spray powder, castings and HIP shapes rather than as wrought stock.
Reference datasheet — Tribaloy T-400 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the AC condition
Tribaloy T-400 tempers and conditions
Tribaloy T-400 is supplied in 2 conditions, soft to hard. AC is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ACDefault Spheroidize annealed | Pick for solid cast wear parts, seal rings and valve trim where the whole part must be wear resistant. | 620 | 690 | 0.5 | 56 HRC | 1.8 % IACS |
Hot isostatic pressed | Pick for large near-net solid components needing a finer, more uniform Laves distribution and slightly better toughness than as-cast. | 700 | 800 | 1 | 55 HRC | 1.8 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways Tribaloy T-400 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
PWD | Gas-atomised powder feedstock | Supply form |
APS | Atmospheric plasma sprayed coating | Surface finish |
GTAW | TIG weld deposit from bare cast rod | Surface finish |
LC | Laser cladding deposit | Surface finish |
OAW | Oxy-acetylene deposit | Surface finish |
HVOF | High-velocity oxy-fuel sprayed coating | Coating |
PTA | Plasma transferred arc hardfacing deposit | Coating |
What is Tribaloy T-400?
Tribaloy T-400 is a Laves-phase strengthened Co-Mo-Cr-Si hardfacing alloy (UNS R30400) supplied as weld overlay consumables, thermal-spray powder, castings and HIP shapes rather than as wrought stock. It is chosen for galling and adhesive wear resistance in unlubricated metal-to-metal contact, with tensile strength around 690 MPa, 0.5% elongation, 56 HRC and service to 760 °C. The Laves structure is brittle, cannot be formed, and is effectively non-machinable (machinability score 5), so deposits are finished by grinding or lapping; Stellite 6 is the alternative where some ductility and machinability are required. Tribaloy T-400 has a density of 8.61 g/cm³ (0.311 lb/in³), heavier than 71% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. It melts at 1,245°C (2,273 °F). Tribaloy T-400 has a yield strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 67% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Elongation at break is 0.5% and the elastic modulus is 225 GPa (32.6 Msi).
What is Tribaloy T-400 used for?
- pump wear rings
- valve seats and seals
- bushings
- thermal spray coatings
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 0.5%, worse than 89% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades
- High embodied carbon — 16 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 84% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades
- Low fracture toughness — 14 MPa·√m (12.7 ksi·√in), worse than 82% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 68/100, worse than 80% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades
Tribaloy T-400 properties
Typical room-temperature values for Tribaloy T-400-AC; bars are the position among cobalt-chrome alloy grades.
Physical3
Tribaloy T-400 has a density of 8.61 g/cm³ (0.311 lb/in³), heavier than 71% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. It melts at 1,245°C (2,273 °F).
Mechanical16
Tribaloy T-400 has a yield strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 67% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Elongation at break is 0.5% and the elastic modulus is 225 GPa (32.6 Msi).
Thermal5
Tribaloy T-400 is rated for continuous service to 760°C (1,400 °F). It conducts heat at 14 W/m·K (8.09 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 55% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Tribaloy T-400 conducts electricity at 1.8 % IACS, worse than 75% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (68/100), worse than 80% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Tribaloy T-400 takes about 190 MJ of energy and emits 16 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 20%.
Manufacturability8
Tribaloy T-400's machinability is not recommended (5/100, worse than 82% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades); weldability fair (35/100); formability not recommended (2/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the cobalt-chrome alloy family
Yield strength against density for every cobalt-chrome alloy grade FabDigit runs. Tribaloy T-400 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with Tribaloy T-400
Is Tribaloy T-400 easy to machine?
Effectively non-machinable by turning/milling — finish by CBN/SiC/diamond grinding, lapping or EDM; keep grinding wheels sharp and coolant heavy to avoid surface cracking.
Can Tribaloy T-400 be welded?
Deposit by PTA, GTAW, oxy-acetylene or laser with 250–500 °C preheat, minimal interpass cooling and slow, controlled post-weld cooling; expect check cracks in thick single passes and limit dilution to keep hardness.
Can Tribaloy T-400 be formed, bent or molded?
No cold or hot forming — the Laves-phase structure is brittle; produce shapes by casting, HIP or overlay/near-net cladding.
Tribaloy T-400 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Moforms CoMoSi Laves phase | 26 – 30 | 28.5 |
| Cr | 7.5 – 9.5 | 8.5 |
| SiLaves-phase stabiliser | 2 – 3 | 2.6 |
| Clow carbon — hardness from intermetallic, not carbides | ≤ 0.08 | 0.05 |
| Fe | ≤ 3 | 1 |
| Ni | ≤ 3 | 1 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.3 |
| Cobalance, nominally ~58 % | balance |
What surface finishes work on Tribaloy T-400?
Lap or diamond-polish sealing faces to Ra <0.1 µm; no anodizing, and plating is unnecessary since the alloy is its own corrosion/wear surface.
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Cobalt-Chrome Alloy Tribaloy T-400 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- R30400
How much does Tribaloy T-400 cost?
Tribaloy T-400 is a high-cost cobalt-chrome alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Tribaloy T-400 — frequently asked
What is Tribaloy T-400 used for?
Tribaloy T-400 is typically used for pump wear rings, valve seats and seals, bushings and thermal spray coatings. In short: top galling-resistance hardfacing; laves-phase, near non-machinable; 760 °C wear surface.
What is the yield strength of Tribaloy T-400?
Tribaloy T-400 has a typical yield strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 67% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is Tribaloy T-400 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (5/100, worse than 82% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades). Effectively non-machinable by turning/milling — finish by CBN/SiC/diamond grinding, lapping or EDM; keep grinding wheels sharp and coolant heavy to avoid surface cracking.
Can Tribaloy T-400 be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (35/100). Deposit by PTA, GTAW, oxy-acetylene or laser with 250–500 °C preheat, minimal interpass cooling and slow, controlled post-weld cooling; expect check cracks in thick single passes and limit dilution to keep hardness.
What surface finishes work on Tribaloy T-400?
Lap or diamond-polish sealing faces to Ra <0.1 µm; no anodizing, and plating is unnecessary since the alloy is its own corrosion/wear surface.
Can Tribaloy T-400 be formed, bent or molded?
No cold or hot forming — the Laves-phase structure is brittle; produce shapes by casting, HIP or overlay/near-net cladding.
What is the maximum service temperature of Tribaloy T-400?
Tribaloy T-400 is rated for continuous use to about 760°C (1,400 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Tribaloy T-400-AC and Tribaloy T-400-HIP?
AC is the default condition — pick for solid cast wear parts, seal rings and valve trim where the whole part must be wear resistant. HIP: pick for large near-net solid components needing a finer, more uniform Laves distribution and slightly better toughness than as-cast. Yield strength is 620 MPa in AC versus 700 MPa in HIP.
How much does Tribaloy T-400 cost?
Tribaloy T-400 is a high-cost cobalt-chrome alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- Tribaloy T-400 alloy datasheet — Kennametal Stellite (2021)
- Tribaloy alloy family — Deloro / Oerlikon Metco hardfacing powders — Oerlikon Metco (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys (Cobalt alloys) — ASM International (1990)
- AWS A5.13 / A5.21 — Surfacing Electrodes and Rods (CoCr/Co-Mo classifications) — AWS (2010)
- UNS R30400 alloy designation data — SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System (2017)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.