Zirconia Y-TZP · print state
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed
Properties of the HIPed condition, compared with the other Zirconia Y-TZP tempers.
Choose sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing when strength must reach 550 MPa with minimum defects and the best polished surface, as in femoral heads, sealing faces and fiber-optic ferrules.
What is Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed?
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed is Zirconia Y-TZP in the HIPed condition — choose sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing when strength must reach 550 MPa with minimum defects and the best polished surface, as in femoral heads, sealing faces and fiber-optic ferrules. Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed has a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi), stronger than 78% of ceramic grades. Elongation at break is 0% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi). Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed has a density of 6.08 g/cm³ (0.22 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of ceramic grades. It melts at 2,700°C (4,892 °F). Sintered is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HIPed is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 98/100, better than 100% of ceramic grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 96/100, better than 99% of ceramic grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 10 MPa·√m (9.1 ksi·√in), better than 87% of ceramic grades
Limitations
- Poor heat conductor — 2.7 W/m·K (1.56 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of ceramic grades
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed properties
Typical room-temperature values for Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed — 13 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every Zirconia Y-TZP temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the ceramic grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical4
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed has a density of 6.08 g/cm³ (0.22 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of ceramic grades. It melts at 2,700°C (4,892 °F).
Mechanical12
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed has a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi), stronger than 78% of ceramic grades. Elongation at break is 0% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi).
Thermal5
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed is rated for continuous service to 1,000°C (1,832 °F). It conducts heat at 2.7 W/m·K (1.56 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of ceramic grades. Thermal expansion is 10.3 µm/m·K (5.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical5
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed is an electrical insulator with a dielectric strength of 12 kV/mm (304.8 V/mil) and a resistivity of 1×10¹⁰ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is excellent (96/100), better than 99% of ceramic grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed takes about 90 MJ of energy and emits 6 kg of CO₂ — less than 61% of ceramic grades. Typical recycled content is 1%.
Manufacturability3
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed's machinability is not recommended (3/100, worse than 95% of ceramic grades).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other Zirconia Y-TZP tempers and conditions
Zirconia Y-TZP is also supplied in 1 other condition. The full side-by-side table is on the Zirconia Y-TZP overview.
- SinteredDefaultPick the pressureless-sintered condition as the default for most wear, structural and insulating parts: 450 MPa strength at the lowest cost, with more residual porosity than HIPed material.450 MPa tensile
- HIPedChoose sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing when strength must reach 550 MPa with minimum defects and the best polished surface, as in femoral heads, sealing faces and fiber-optic ferrules.550 MPa tensile
Working with Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed
Is Zirconia Y-TZP easy to machine?
After sintering, only diamond wheels, ultrasonic or laser processing apply (machinability score 4). Soft-machine in the green or bisque (white) state with carbide tooling wherever possible and allow about 20–25 % sintering shrinkage.
Can Zirconia Y-TZP be welded?
Not weldable. Attach to metal by active-metal brazing (Ti or Ag-Cu-Ti), Mo-Mn metallization followed by brazing, or by adhesive bonding and interference fits.
Can Zirconia Y-TZP be formed, bent or molded?
Formed by dry or isostatic pressing, slip casting, tape casting, ceramic injection moulding (CIM) or photopolymer 3D printing, then pressureless sintering at 1350–1550 °C with optional HIP densification.
What surface finishes work on Zirconia Y-TZP?
Diamond grinding and polishing reach a mirror finish below 0.02 µm Ra. Avoid grinding heat and residual tensile stress; a low-temperature anneal after grinding removes surface monoclinic phase and restores strength.
Zirconia Y-TZP chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Y2O3≈3 mol% stabilizer | 4.5 – 6 | 5.2 |
| Al2O3sintering aid / anti-ageing addition | 0 – 0.5 | 0.25 |
| HfO2natural companion of zircon ore, usually counted as ZrO2 | 1 – 3 | 2 |
| SiO2 | 0 – 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Fe2O3 | 0 – 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Na2O | 0 – 0.05 | 0.02 |
| ZrO2balance (includes HfO2) | balance | — |
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed — frequently asked
What is Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed used for?
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed is typically used for cutting and shearing blades, pump plungers and valve components, fibre-optic ferrules, wire drawing dies, ball valve balls and dental crowns and restorations. In short: toughest engineering ceramic.
What is the tensile strength of Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed?
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed has a typical tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — stronger than 78% of ceramic grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (3/100, worse than 95% of ceramic grades). After sintering, only diamond wheels, ultrasonic or laser processing apply (machinability score 4). Soft-machine in the green or bisque (white) state with carbide tooling wherever possible and allow about 20–25 % sintering shrinkage.
Can Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed be welded?
Not weldable. Attach to metal by active-metal brazing (Ti or Ag-Cu-Ti), Mo-Mn metallization followed by brazing, or by adhesive bonding and interference fits.
What surface finishes work on Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed?
Diamond grinding and polishing reach a mirror finish below 0.02 µm Ra. Avoid grinding heat and residual tensile stress; a low-temperature anneal after grinding removes surface monoclinic phase and restores strength.
Can Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed be formed, bent or molded?
Formed by dry or isostatic pressing, slip casting, tape casting, ceramic injection moulding (CIM) or photopolymer 3D printing, then pressureless sintering at 1350–1550 °C with optional HIP densification.
What is the maximum service temperature of Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed?
Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed is rated for continuous use to about 1,000°C (1,832 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed?
Yes — Zirconia Y-TZP HIPed is available for CNC machining with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASM Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol. 4: Ceramics and Glasses — ASM International (1991)
- CoorsTek YTZP / Zirconia Material Properties — CoorsTek (2023)
- Kyocera Fine Ceramics — Zirconia (Z-201N/Z-701) — Kyocera (2022)
- Tosoh Zirconia Powder TZ-3Y Series Technical Bulletin — Tosoh Corporation (2021)
- ISO 13356 — Implants for surgery: Ceramic materials based on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) — ISO (2015)
- ASTM C1161 — Flexural Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature — ASTM (2018)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.