PZT-2 HP
Other
HP = hot-pressed / high-density fine-grain PZT-2
Choose when higher strength, lower porosity and higher dielectric breakdown are needed (thin plates, high-field igniters).
Values for the HP condition
What is PZT-2 HP?
PZT-2 HP is PZT-2 in the HP condition — choose when higher strength, lower porosity and higher dielectric breakdown are needed (thin plates, high-field igniters). PZT-2 HP has a tensile strength of 75 MPa (10.9 ksi), weaker than 56% of ceramic grades. The elastic modulus is 86 GPa (12.5 Msi). PZT-2 HP has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), heavier than 75% of ceramic grades.
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 4.5 kg CO₂/kg, better than 78% of ceramic grades
Limitations
- Poor heat conductor — 1.2 W/m·K (0.693 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 97% of ceramic grades
- Limited service temperature — 185°C (365 °F), worse than 86% of ceramic grades
- Low stiffness — 86 GPa (12.5 Msi), worse than 76% of ceramic grades
- Heavy — 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), worse than 75% of ceramic grades
PZT-2 HP properties
Typical room-temperature values for PZT-2 HP; 8 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are PZT-2 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among ceramic grades.
Physical2
PZT-2 HP has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), heavier than 75% of ceramic grades.
Mechanical10
PZT-2 HP has a tensile strength of 75 MPa (10.9 ksi), weaker than 56% of ceramic grades. The elastic modulus is 86 GPa (12.5 Msi).
Thermal5
PZT-2 HP is rated for continuous service to 185°C (365 °F). It conducts heat at 1.2 W/m·K (0.693 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 97% of ceramic grades. Thermal expansion is 4 µm/m·K (2.22 µin/in·°F).
Electrical5
PZT-2 HP is an electrical insulator with a dielectric strength of 6 kV/mm (152.4 V/mil) and a resistivity of 1×10⁹ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is very good (70/100), worse than 59% of ceramic grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of PZT-2 HP takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 4.5 kg of CO₂ — less than 78% of ceramic grades. Typical recycled content is 5%.
Manufacturability3
PZT-2 HP's machinability is not recommended (8/100, better than 69% of ceramic grades).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with PZT-2 HP
Is PZT-2 easy to machine?
Diamond grinding, lapping and wafer dicing only after firing; chipping-prone, keep coolant flowing and dust captured (lead hazard).
Can PZT-2 be welded?
Not weldable — join by conductive epoxy, solder to fired-on Ag electrodes below ~250 °C, or mechanically clamp/preload.
Can PZT-2 be formed, bent or molded?
Shaped green by dry/isostatic pressing or tape casting, calcined then sintered ~1200–1300 °C in PbO-rich atmosphere to limit lead loss.
What surface finishes work on PZT-2?
Fired-on silver or sputtered Cr/Ni-Au electrodes, then DC poling (~2 kV/mm, 100–150 °C in oil) followed by 24 h aging stabilization.
PZT-2 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Pbas PbO; slight PbO excess added to offset volatilization | 61 – 65 | 63.5 |
| Zras ZrO₂, Zr/Ti near the morphotropic phase boundary | 13.5 – 15.5 | 14.6 |
| Tias TiO₂ | 6.5 – 7.8 | 7.1 |
| acceptor/donor dopants (Nb, Sr, Fe, Mn oproprietary dopant package setting Qm, K and tan δ | 0.1 – 1.5 | 0.6 |
| Operovskite ABO₃ oxygen | balance | — |
PZT-2 HP — frequently asked
What is PZT-2 HP used for?
PZT-2 HP is typically used for piezo igniters, gas-appliance spark generators, specialty force and pressure sensors, ultrasonic transducer discs, accelerometer sensing elements and replacement elements for legacy sensor designs. In short: hard PZT, moderate coupling; legacy igniter and sensor grade; largely superseded by PZT-4/8.
What is the tensile strength of PZT-2 HP?
PZT-2 HP has a typical tensile strength of 75 MPa (10.9 ksi) — weaker than 56% of ceramic grades.
Is PZT-2 HP easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (8/100, better than 69% of ceramic grades). Diamond grinding, lapping and wafer dicing only after firing; chipping-prone, keep coolant flowing and dust captured (lead hazard).
Can PZT-2 HP be welded?
Not weldable — join by conductive epoxy, solder to fired-on Ag electrodes below ~250 °C, or mechanically clamp/preload.
What surface finishes work on PZT-2 HP?
Fired-on silver or sputtered Cr/Ni-Au electrodes, then DC poling (~2 kV/mm, 100–150 °C in oil) followed by 24 h aging stabilization.
Can PZT-2 HP be formed, bent or molded?
Shaped green by dry/isostatic pressing or tape casting, calcined then sintered ~1200–1300 °C in PbO-rich atmosphere to limit lead loss.
What is the maximum service temperature of PZT-2 HP?
PZT-2 HP is rated for continuous use to about 185°C (365 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Sources
- Vernitron/Clevite PZT Piezoelectric Ceramics bulletin (PZT-2/-4/-5A/-8 data) — Vernitron Piezoelectric Division (1976)
- Engineered Materials Handbook Vol. 4 — Ceramics and Glasses (piezoelectric ceramics) — ASM International (1991)
- MIL-STD-1376B — Piezoelectric Ceramic Material and Measurements Guidelines for Sonar Transducers — US DoD (1995)
- IEEE 176 — Standard on Piezoelectricity — IEEE (1987)
- Piezoelectric ceramic property comparison tables (PZT hard/soft families) — APC International / Morgan Advanced Materials (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.