Boron Nitride · grade
Boron Nitride-PBN
Properties of the PBN condition, compared with the other Boron Nitride tempers.
Choose for MBE effusion-cell crucibles, GaAs/InP growth boats and microwave-tube windows: pore-free, ultra-pure, no binder, usable to ~1800 °C in vacuum.
What is Boron Nitride-PBN?
Boron Nitride-PBN is Boron Nitride in the PBN grade — choose for MBE effusion-cell crucibles, GaAs/InP growth boats and microwave-tube windows: pore-free, ultra-pure, no binder, usable to ~1800 °C in vacuum. Boron Nitride-PBN has a tensile strength of 100 MPa (14.5 ksi), weaker than 51% of ceramic grades. The elastic modulus is 55 GPa (7.98 Msi). Boron Nitride-PBN has a density of 2.18 g/cm³ (0.0788 lb/in³), lighter than 88% of ceramic grades. It melts at 2,973°C (5,383 °F). Pressed & Sintered is the default condition FabDigit quotes; PBN is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High service temperature — 1,800°C (3,272 °F), better than 92% of ceramic grades
- Lightweight — 2.18 g/cm³ (0.0788 lb/in³), better than 88% of ceramic grades
- Easy to machine — 20/100, better than 84% of ceramic grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 88/100, better than 76% of ceramic grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 25/100, worse than 97% of ceramic grades
- Low stiffness — 55 GPa (7.98 Msi), worse than 85% of ceramic grades
- Low fracture toughness — 1 MPa·√m (0.91 ksi·√in), worse than 85% of ceramic grades
Boron Nitride-PBN properties
Typical room-temperature values for Boron Nitride-PBN — 16 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every Boron Nitride temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the ceramic grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical4
Boron Nitride-PBN has a density of 2.18 g/cm³ (0.0788 lb/in³), lighter than 88% of ceramic grades. It melts at 2,973°C (5,383 °F).
Mechanical9
Boron Nitride-PBN has a tensile strength of 100 MPa (14.5 ksi), weaker than 51% of ceramic grades. The elastic modulus is 55 GPa (7.98 Msi).
Thermal5
Boron Nitride-PBN is rated for continuous service to 1,800°C (3,272 °F). It conducts heat at 60 W/m·K (34.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 70% of ceramic grades. Thermal expansion is 1.5 µm/m·K (0.833 µin/in·°F).
Electrical5
Boron Nitride-PBN is an electrical insulator with a dielectric strength of 60 kV/mm (1,524 V/mil) and a resistivity of 1×10¹⁴ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is excellent (88/100), better than 76% of ceramic grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Boron Nitride-PBN takes about 250 MJ of energy and emits 20 kg of CO₂ — more than 67% of ceramic grades. Typical recycled content is 0%.
Manufacturability3
Boron Nitride-PBN's machinability is poor (20/100, better than 84% of ceramic grades).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other Boron Nitride tempers and conditions
Boron Nitride is also supplied in 7 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the Boron Nitride overview.
- Pressed & SinteredDefaultGeneral-purpose machinable hBN block/rod for molten-metal contact, insulators and break rings; cheapest route, but the B2O3 bond is hygroscopic.35 MPa tensile
- PBNChoose for MBE effusion-cell crucibles, GaAs/InP growth boats and microwave-tube windows: pore-free, ultra-pure, no binder, usable to ~1800 °C in vacuum.100 MPa tensile
- BN-SiO2Choose when strength, wear and non-hygroscopic behaviour matter more than maximum thermal conductivity — jigs, nozzles, high-humidity or load-bearing insulators.50 MPa tensile
- GRADE-CACalcium-borate bonded hot-pressed hBN — moisture-resistant version of bonded BN with higher strength and service to ~1000 °C in air.45 MPa tensile
- GRADE-BOHot-pressed hexagonal BN with boric-oxide (B₂O₃) bond — high strength and excellent machinability, but hygroscopic and limited to moderate air temperatures.35 MPa tensile
- GRADE-XPHigh-purity fine-grain hot-pressed hBN with low binder content — clean, low-outgassing and near-isotropic, for crucibles, insulators and semiconductor fixtures.30 MPa tensile
- HP-99Choose for semiconductor, crystal-growth and vacuum-furnace parts where boron-oxide outgassing, moisture pickup or metal-ion contamination cannot be tolerated.25 MPa tensile
- cBNChoose only as a superhard cutting/wear material: second only to diamond in hardness and, unlike diamond, chemically stable against ferrous alloys up to ~1000 °C.4,000 HV
Working with Boron Nitride-PBN
Is Boron Nitride easy to machine?
Machines like hard chalk — turn, mill, drill and tap dry with sharp carbide or HSS tooling at high speed and low feed; use dust extraction and avoid water coolant on B2O3-bonded grades.
Can Boron Nitride be welded?
Not weldable; join by mechanical clamping, threaded/pinned assemblies, or high-temperature BN/alumina cements and metallized-then-brazed interfaces.
Can Boron Nitride be formed, bent or molded?
Made by uniaxial hot pressing or CIP + pressureless nitridation of hBN powder into billets, then finish machined; PBN is grown as free-standing CVD shells on graphite mandrels, cBN is HP/HIP-sintered at GPa pressures.
What surface finishes work on Boron Nitride?
No plating or anodizing; surfaces are lightly ground or lapped only, remain matte and can leave a lubricious film — bake parts at 200–500 °C in vacuum/inert before high-temperature or vacuum service to drive off absorbed moisture.
Boron Nitride chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Bstoichiometric BN | 42 – 44 | 43.6 |
| B2O3boric-oxide bond phase in pressed & sintered grades; <0.5 % in high-purity and PBN grades | 0 – 6 | 3 |
| SiO2only in BN-SiO2 composite grades (borosilicate/calcium-borate bond) | 0 – 40 | 0 |
| CaOoptional calcium-borate bond addition | 0 – 5 | 0 |
| Nstoichiometric BN | balance | — |
Boron Nitride-PBN — frequently asked
What is Boron Nitride-PBN used for?
Boron Nitride-PBN is typically used for crucibles for molten metal, electrical insulators and feedthroughs, break rings for horizontal continuous casting, mould release and setter plates, thermocouple protection sleeves and plasma chamber insulators. In short: machinable thermal insulator.
What is the tensile strength of Boron Nitride-PBN?
Boron Nitride-PBN has a typical tensile strength of 100 MPa (14.5 ksi) — weaker than 51% of ceramic grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is Boron Nitride-PBN easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (20/100, better than 84% of ceramic grades). Machines like hard chalk — turn, mill, drill and tap dry with sharp carbide or HSS tooling at high speed and low feed; use dust extraction and avoid water coolant on B2O3-bonded grades.
Can Boron Nitride-PBN be welded?
Not weldable; join by mechanical clamping, threaded/pinned assemblies, or high-temperature BN/alumina cements and metallized-then-brazed interfaces.
What surface finishes work on Boron Nitride-PBN?
No plating or anodizing; surfaces are lightly ground or lapped only, remain matte and can leave a lubricious film — bake parts at 200–500 °C in vacuum/inert before high-temperature or vacuum service to drive off absorbed moisture.
Can Boron Nitride-PBN be formed, bent or molded?
Made by uniaxial hot pressing or CIP + pressureless nitridation of hBN powder into billets, then finish machined; PBN is grown as free-standing CVD shells on graphite mandrels, cBN is HP/HIP-sintered at GPa pressures.
What is the maximum service temperature of Boron Nitride-PBN?
Boron Nitride-PBN is rated for continuous use to about 1,800°C (3,272 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in Boron Nitride-PBN?
Yes — Boron Nitride-PBN is available for CNC machining with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASM Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol. 4: Ceramics and Glasses — ASM International (1991)
- Combat Boron Nitride Solids — Grades A, AX05, M, HP — Momentive Performance Materials / Saint-Gobain (2021)
- Boron Nitride Machinable Ceramics and PBN Crucibles — Kennametal / CoorsTek / Shin-Etsu (2022)
- Boron nitride (hexagonal, pyrolytic, cubic) property records — MatWeb / Ceramic Industry Materials Handbook (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.