FabDigit

Solder & Low-Melting Alloy WJ3

GB WJ3 · JIS H5401 WJ3

WJ3 is a lower-tin white metal to JIS H5401, a tin-antimony-copper Babbitt intended for lighter-duty bearing linings where maximum load capacity is not required.

High cost $$$$

Reference datasheet — WJ3 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.

What is WJ3?

WJ3 is a lower-tin white metal to JIS H5401, a tin-antimony-copper Babbitt intended for lighter-duty bearing linings where maximum load capacity is not required. It is supplied as ingot and applied by static or centrifugal casting, as bonded bimetal, or by metal spraying onto prepared shells. Default values are 80 MPa tensile, 46 MPa yield, 3% elongation and 27 HB, with service to about 120 °C. Elongation is the lowest of these white metals, so it tolerates less misalignment and shock; use WJ1 or WJ2 for heavily loaded, high-speed bearings. Not arc weldable. WJ3 has a density of 7.4 g/cm³ (0.267 lb/in³), lighter than 67% of solder & low-melting alloy grades. It melts at 240°C (464 °F). WJ3 has a yield strength of 46 MPa (6.67 ksi) and a tensile strength of 80 MPa (11.6 ksi) — stronger than 98% of solder & low-melting alloy grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 52 GPa (7.54 Msi).

What is WJ3 used for?

  • Light machinery bearings
  • Auxiliary equipment bushings
  • Sprayed bearing overlays
  • Bimetal bearing strip linings
  • Low-speed pump bushings
  • Conveyor roller bushings

Advantages

  • High strength — 46 MPa (6.67 ksi), better than 98% of solder & low-melting alloy grades
  • Stiff — 52 GPa (7.54 Msi), better than 95% of solder & low-melting alloy grades
  • Polishes to a fine finish — 70/100, better than 91% of solder & low-melting alloy grades
  • Easy to machine — 85/100, better than 89% of solder & low-melting alloy grades
  • Good corrosion resistance — 58/100, better than 86% of solder & low-melting alloy grades

Limitations

  • Limited formability — 15/100, worse than 99% of solder & low-melting alloy grades
  • Limited ductility — 3%, worse than 95% of solder & low-melting alloy grades

WJ3 properties

Typical room-temperature values; bars are the position among solder & low-melting alloy grades.

Physical3

WJ3 has a density of 7.4 g/cm³ (0.267 lb/in³), lighter than 67% of solder & low-melting alloy grades. It melts at 240°C (464 °F).

Density7.4 g/cm³0.27 lb/in³
Melting Point (Solidus)240°C464 °F
Liquidus Temperature420°C788 °F

Mechanical11

WJ3 has a yield strength of 46 MPa (6.67 ksi) and a tensile strength of 80 MPa (11.6 ksi) — stronger than 98% of solder & low-melting alloy grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 52 GPa (7.54 Msi).

Elastic (Young's) Modulus52 GPa7.5 Msi
Shear Modulus19.5 GPa2.8 Msi
Bulk Modulus51 GPa7.4 Msi
Poisson's Ratio0.33
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)80 MPa11.6 ksi
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)46 MPa6.7 ksi
Elongation at Break3%
Compressive Strength120 MPa17.4 ksi
Shear Strength45 MPa6.5 ksi
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)27 MPa3.9 ksi
Hardness, Brinell27 HB

Thermal6

WJ3 is rated for continuous service to 120°C (248 °F). It conducts heat at 52 W/m·K (30 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 72% of solder & low-melting alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 22.5 µm/m·K (12.5 µin/in·°F).

Thermal Conductivity52 W/m·K30 BTU/hr·ft·°F
Specific Heat Capacity230 J/kg·K0.05 BTU/lb·°F
Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)22.5 µm/m·K12.5 µin/in·°F
Latent Heat of Fusion58 J/g24.9 BTU/lb
Max Service Temperature (continuous)120°C248 °F
Min Service Temperature-70°C-94 °F

Electrical3

WJ3 conducts electricity at 8.5 % IACS, worse than 64% of solder & low-melting alloy grades.

Electrical Conductivity8.5 % IACS
Electrical Resistivity2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m7.87 µΩ·in
Magnetic Responsenon-magnetic

Chemical & Environmental3

Corrosion resistance is good (58/100), better than 86% of solder & low-melting alloy grades.

Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE)-0.5 V
Corrosion ResistanceGood58/100
Chemical Resistance SummaryStable in neutral mineral and synthetic lubricating oils and in water; attacked by acidic oxidised oils, organic acids, strong mineral acids and alkalis; sulphur-bearing EP additives can darken and etch the surface.

Sustainability4

Producing a kilogram of WJ3 takes about 280 MJ of energy and emits 16 kg of CO₂ — more than 65% of solder & low-melting alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.

Embodied Energy (primary production)280 MJ/kg120,378 BTU/lb
Embodied Carbon (primary production)16 kg CO₂/kg
Embodied Water320 L/kg38.3 gal/lb
Typical Recycled Content30%

Manufacturability8

WJ3's machinability is excellent (85/100, better than 89% of solder & low-melting alloy grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability poor (15/100).

MachinabilityExcellent85/100
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)80%
WeldabilityPoor20/100
Formability (cold)Poor15/100
CastabilityExcellent92/100
Brazeability / SolderabilityExcellent95/100
PolishabilityVery good70/100
Anodizing Responsen/a — not an aluminium or titanium alloy; surface finished by boring/scraping only

Common Calculations5

Specific Strength (UTS / density)calculated11 kN·m/kg
Specific Stiffness (E / density)calculated7 MN·m/kg
Modulus of Resiliencecalculated20 kJ/m³
Thermal Diffusivitycalculated30.6 mm²/s
Thermal Shock Resistance Indexcalculated4

Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.

Strength versus weight in the solder & low-melting alloy family

Yield strength against density for every solder & low-melting alloy grade FabDigit runs. WJ3 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.

125102050891011Density (g/cm³)Yield strength (MPa) — log scaleWJ3

Working with WJ3

Is WJ3 easy to machine?

Bore and scrape with very sharp, high-rake tools, generous clearance and flood coolant; the alloy smears and loads tools if feeds are too light.

Can WJ3 be welded?

Not arc-weldable — repairs are made by torch/Babbitt fusion or metal spray onto a properly tinned and fluxed surface.

Can WJ3 be formed, bent or molded?

Used strictly as a cast lining: shell must be cleaned, fluxed and tinned, poured around 430–470 °C and chilled quickly to keep the SbSn cuboids fine.

WJ3 chemical composition (wt %)

Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.

ElementSpec limit (wt %)Nominal
Sbforms hard SbSn cuboids11 – 1211.5
Cuforms Cu6Sn5 needle skeleton5 – 6.55.5
Pbimpurity limit≤ 0.35
Feimpurity limit≤ 0.08
Asimpurity limit≤ 0.1
Biimpurity limit≤ 0.08
Znimpurity limit≤ 0.01
Alimpurity limit≤ 0.01
Cdimpurity limit≤ 0.05
Snbalance; tin-base white metal≥ 79 (balance)

What surface finishes work on WJ3?

Finish by boring and hand scraping to the oil-film clearance; no plating or anodizing — surface is left as machined and oil-wetted.

Equivalent designations

Standards and trade names that resolve to Solder & Low-Melting Alloy WJ3 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.

JIS
H5401 WJ3

How much does WJ3 cost?

WJ3 is a high-cost solder & low-melting alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.

WJ3 — frequently asked

What is WJ3 used for?

WJ3 is typically used for light machinery bearings, auxiliary equipment bushings, sprayed bearing overlays, bimetal bearing strip linings, low-speed pump bushings and conveyor roller bushings. In short: lowest-cost JIS white metal; hardest, least ductile grade; light-duty bearing lining.

What is the yield strength of WJ3?

WJ3 has a typical yield strength of 46 MPa (6.67 ksi) and a tensile strength of 80 MPa (11.6 ksi) — stronger than 98% of solder & low-melting alloy grades.

Is WJ3 easy to machine?

Yes — machinability is rated excellent (85/100, better than 89% of solder & low-melting alloy grades). Bore and scrape with very sharp, high-rake tools, generous clearance and flood coolant; the alloy smears and loads tools if feeds are too light.

Can WJ3 be welded?

Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). Not arc-weldable — repairs are made by torch/Babbitt fusion or metal spray onto a properly tinned and fluxed surface.

What surface finishes work on WJ3?

Finish by boring and hand scraping to the oil-film clearance; no plating or anodizing — surface is left as machined and oil-wetted.

Can WJ3 be formed, bent or molded?

Used strictly as a cast lining: shell must be cleaned, fluxed and tinned, poured around 430–470 °C and chilled quickly to keep the SbSn cuboids fine.

What is the maximum service temperature of WJ3?

WJ3 is rated for continuous use to about 120°C (248 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.

How much does WJ3 cost?

WJ3 is a high-cost solder & low-melting alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.

Sources

  1. JIS H 5401 White Metal — Japanese Standards Association (1958)
  2. ASTM B23 Standard Specification for White Metal Bearing Alloys — ASTM International (2019)
  3. ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys (Bearing Alloys) — ASM International (1990)

Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.