Refractory Metal 60Cr-40Ni
UNS R20600 · ASTM A560 Gr 60Cr-40Ni
60Cr-40Ni (UNS R20600, ASTM A560 Gr 60Cr-40Ni) is a higher-chromium member of the Cr-Ni casting series, trading ductility for better resistance to sulfidising and oxidising atmospheres than the 50/50 grade.
Reference datasheet — 60Cr-40Ni is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the F condition
60Cr-40Ni tempers and conditions
60Cr-40Ni is supplied in 4 conditions, soft to hard. F is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stress relieved | Choose when casting residual stress or heavy weld repair must be relaxed before machining or thermal cycling service. | 290 | 400 | 3 | 15 HRC | 1.5 % IACS |
As-welded deposit | Used when 60Cr-40Ni is deposited as a sulfidation-resistant overlay on cheaper steel substrates rather than supplied as a solid casting. | 300 | 380 | 1 | 22 HRC | 1.5 % IACS |
FDefault As fabricated | Standard supply condition for A560 castings — used as-poured for burner nozzles, tube supports and glass-contact hardware. | 310 | 415 | 2 | 19 HRC | 1.5 % IACS |
Centrifugally cast | Pick for tubular sections — the finer, denser centrifugal structure raises strength and reduces porosity versus static casting. | 330 | 450 | 3 | 20 HRC | 1.5 % IACS |
What is 60Cr-40Ni?
60Cr-40Ni (UNS R20600, ASTM A560 Gr 60Cr-40Ni) is a higher-chromium member of the Cr-Ni casting series, trading ductility for better resistance to sulfidising and oxidising atmospheres than the 50/50 grade. Parts are made net-shape as sand, investment or centrifugal castings for furnace and kiln service to about 1150 °C, with 310 MPa yield, 415 MPa tensile, 2 % elongation and 220 HB. That 2 % elongation means it must be handled as a brittle casting: no cold forming, edge chipping in machining (score 12) and hot-crack-sensitive welds. Use 50Cr-50Ni or 50Cr-50Ni-Cb where some ductility is required. 60Cr-40Ni has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 56% of refractory metal grades. It melts at 1,350°C (2,462 °F). 60Cr-40Ni has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 55% of refractory metal grades. Elongation at break is 2% and the elastic modulus is 225 GPa (32.6 Msi).
What is 60Cr-40Ni used for?
- high-temperature furnace components
- heat-resistant castings for sulfur-bearing atmospheres
- process industry fixtures
- kiln hardware
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 8 kg CO₂/kg, better than 94% of refractory metal grades
Limitations
- Low electrical conductivity — 1.5 % IACS, worse than 99% of refractory metal grades
- Limited formability — 3/100, worse than 96% of refractory metal grades
- Limited ductility — 2%, worse than 95% of refractory metal grades
- Hard to polish — 55/100, worse than 90% of refractory metal grades
- Difficult to machine — 12/100, worse than 86% of refractory metal grades
60Cr-40Ni properties
Typical room-temperature values for 60Cr-40Ni-F; bars are the position among refractory metal grades.
Physical3
60Cr-40Ni has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 56% of refractory metal grades. It melts at 1,350°C (2,462 °F).
Mechanical17
60Cr-40Ni has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 55% of refractory metal grades. Elongation at break is 2% and the elastic modulus is 225 GPa (32.6 Msi).
Thermal5
60Cr-40Ni is rated for continuous service to 1,150°C (2,102 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 83% of refractory metal grades. Thermal expansion is 11.5 µm/m·K (6.39 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
60Cr-40Ni conducts electricity at 1.5 % IACS, worse than 99% of refractory metal grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (82/100), worse than 54% of refractory metal grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 60Cr-40Ni takes about 95 MJ of energy and emits 8 kg of CO₂ — less than 94% of refractory metal grades. Typical recycled content is 15%.
Manufacturability8
60Cr-40Ni's machinability is not recommended (12/100, worse than 86% of refractory metal grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability not recommended (3/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the refractory metal family
Yield strength against density for every refractory metal grade FabDigit runs. 60Cr-40Ni is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 60Cr-40Ni
Is 60Cr-40Ni easy to machine?
Treat as a hard, brittle casting — negative-rake carbide or CBN at low speed with rigid setups, or preferably grind/EDM; expect chipping at edges.
Can 60Cr-40Ni be welded?
GTAW with matching Cr-Ni filler, 200–350 °C preheat and controlled interpass, minimum heat input; hot cracking and post-weld brittleness are the main risks.
Can 60Cr-40Ni be formed, bent or molded?
No cold forming — parts are net-shape cast (sand, investment or centrifugal); hot working is not commercially practiced.
60Cr-40Ni chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Crprimary α-Cr phase former; source of sulfidation/oxidation resistance | 57 – 63 | 60 |
| Ckept low to limit carbide embrittlement | ≤ 0.1 | 0.05 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Fe | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | |
| P | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Nibalance, nominally ~40 % | balance |
What surface finishes work on 60Cr-40Ni?
Grind or blast the casting skin; the service protection is the self-forming Cr₂O₃ scale, so no plating, anodizing or paint is used.
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Refractory Metal 60Cr-40Ni in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- R20600
- ASTM
- A560 Gr 60Cr-40Ni
How much does 60Cr-40Ni cost?
60Cr-40Ni is a high-cost refractory metal ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
60Cr-40Ni — frequently asked
What is 60Cr-40Ni used for?
60Cr-40Ni is typically used for high-temperature furnace components, heat-resistant castings for sulfur-bearing atmospheres, process industry fixtures and kiln hardware. In short: highest-Cr Cr-Ni casting; best sulfidation resistance in family; brittle, cast-to-shape only.
What is the yield strength of 60Cr-40Ni?
60Cr-40Ni has a typical yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 55% of refractory metal grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is 60Cr-40Ni easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (12/100, worse than 86% of refractory metal grades). Treat as a hard, brittle casting — negative-rake carbide or CBN at low speed with rigid setups, or preferably grind/EDM; expect chipping at edges.
Can 60Cr-40Ni be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). GTAW with matching Cr-Ni filler, 200–350 °C preheat and controlled interpass, minimum heat input; hot cracking and post-weld brittleness are the main risks.
What surface finishes work on 60Cr-40Ni?
Grind or blast the casting skin; the service protection is the self-forming Cr₂O₃ scale, so no plating, anodizing or paint is used.
Can 60Cr-40Ni be formed, bent or molded?
No cold forming — parts are net-shape cast (sand, investment or centrifugal); hot working is not commercially practiced.
What is the maximum service temperature of 60Cr-40Ni?
60Cr-40Ni is rated for continuous use to about 1,150°C (2,102 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 60Cr-40Ni-F and 60Cr-40Ni-SR?
F is the default condition — standard supply condition for A560 castings — used as-poured for burner nozzles, tube supports and glass-contact hardware. SR: choose when casting residual stress or heavy weld repair must be relaxed before machining or thermal cycling service. Yield strength is 310 MPa in F versus 290 MPa in SR.
How much does 60Cr-40Ni cost?
60Cr-40Ni is a high-cost refractory metal ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM A560/A560M — Standard Specification for Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy — ASTM International (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials (high-temperature sulfidation) — ASM International (2005)
- Cr-Ni (50/50 and 60/40) heat-resistant casting alloy data — Duraloy / heat-resistant casting foundries (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.