Cobalt-Chrome Alloy F75-HIP (Hot isostatic pressed)
Print state
ASTM F75 · UNS R30075 · ISO 5832-4
Pick for load-bearing implants and critical AM parts: closes porosity and lack-of-fusion defects, giving the best ductility, toughness and fatigue life.
Values for the HIP condition
Other F75 tempers and conditions
F75 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at F75.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
As CastDefault investment cast, as-solidified (ASTM F75 baseline) | Default condition for investment-cast implant and dental components; meets ASTM F75 minimums with coarse dendritic structure and interdendritic carbides. | 510 | 720 | 10 | 30 HRC | — |
1200–1230 °C solution treat and rapid cool | Choose when carbide dissolution and higher ductility/uniformity are needed before final machining or forming of cast or AM parts. | 520 | 760 | 16 | 28 HRC | — |
Heat Treated | Investment-cast Co-28Cr-6Mo (R30075) given a post-cast homogenizing/solution heat treatment that dissolves interdendritic carbides and raises ductility over the as-cast state while keeping the coarse cast grain structure. | 560 | 900 | 14 | 31 HRC | 1.9 % IACS |
HIPThis page Hot isostatic pressed | Pick for load-bearing implants and critical AM parts: closes porosity and lack-of-fusion defects, giving the best ductility, toughness and fatigue life. | 650 | 1,000 | 20 | 32 HRC | — |
750–1150 °C stress relief (typical for SLM parts on plate) | Standard post-print treatment for laser-melted CoCrMo: removes residual stress and prevents distortion while keeping most as-printed strength. | 820 | 1,150 | 15 | 37 HRC | — |
Pressure Sintered (Hot Pressed) | Powder-metallurgy Co-28Cr-6Mo consolidated by uniaxial hot pressing / pressure-assisted sintering to near-full density, giving a fine equiaxed grain structure with markedly higher strength and ductility than the cast alloy. | 840 | 1,250 | 22 | 36 HRC | 1.9 % IACS |
SLM/DMLS as-built (EOS MP1-type parameters) | As-built laser powder-bed condition: very fine cellular structure gives the highest strength and hardness of any F75 form, but with residual stress and anisotropy. | 900 | 1,250 | 12 | 40 HRC | — |
What is F75-HIP?
F75-HIP is F75 in the HIP condition — pick for load-bearing implants and critical AM parts: closes porosity and lack-of-fusion defects, giving the best ductility, toughness and fatigue life. F75-HIP has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 77% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 225 GPa (32.6 Msi). F75-HIP has a density of 8.32 g/cm³ (0.301 lb/in³), lighter than 64% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. It melts at 1,330°C (2,426 °F). As Cast is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HIP is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Good corrosion resistance — 90/100, better than 95% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 80 MPa·√m (72.8 ksi·√in), better than 89% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 20%, better than 78% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades
F75-HIP properties
Typical room-temperature values for F75-HIP; 13 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are F75 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among cobalt-chrome alloy grades.
Physical3
F75-HIP has a density of 8.32 g/cm³ (0.301 lb/in³), lighter than 64% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. It melts at 1,330°C (2,426 °F).
Mechanical16
F75-HIP has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 77% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 225 GPa (32.6 Msi).
Thermal6
F75-HIP is rated for continuous service to 600°C (1,112 °F). It conducts heat at 14 W/m·K (8.09 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 55% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 13 µm/m·K (7.22 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
F75-HIP conducts electricity at 1.9 % IACS, worse than 52% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (90/100), better than 95% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of F75-HIP takes about 150 MJ of energy and emits 11 kg of CO₂ — less than 59% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
F75-HIP's machinability is not recommended (13/100, better than 68% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability not recommended (10/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with F75-HIP
Is F75 easy to machine?
Rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide or ceramic tools, low speed (15–30 m/min carbide) with heavy constant feed and flood coolant — never dwell, the alloy work-hardens instantly; grinding and EDM are common for finished implant geometry.
Can F75 be welded?
Cast high-carbon F75 is prone to hot cracking; use low-heat GTAW/laser/electron-beam with matching Co-Cr filler, preheat and post-weld solution treatment, or design to avoid welding altogether.
Can F75 be formed, bent or molded?
Not cold formable — parts are investment cast, laser powder-bed printed or milled from HIPed blanks; AM builds need supports, 750–1150 °C stress relief and optional HIP.
What surface finishes work on F75?
Sand/blast, then belt and diamond/alumina polish to a mirror bearing surface (Ra ≤ 0.02 µm); passivate or electropolish for biocompatibility; DLC/TiN PVD used for extra wear life. No anodizing.
F75 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Crpassive film former | 27 – 30 | 28.5 |
| Mosolid-solution strengthening, pitting resistance | 5 – 7 | 6 |
| Niimpurity limit (allergy control) | ≤ 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.75 | 0.3 |
| Clow-carbon AM powders typically ≤0.16 | ≤ 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.6 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.6 |
| W | ≤ 0.2 | |
| N | ≤ 0.25 | |
| Al | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Ti | ≤ 0.1 | |
| B | ≤ 0.01 | |
| P | ≤ 0.02 | |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | |
| Cobalance, ≈62–65 % | balance |
F75-HIP — frequently asked
What is F75-HIP used for?
F75-HIP is typically used for hip femoral heads and stems, knee femoral components, dental crowns and bridges, partial denture frameworks, spinal implant components and wear-resistant bearing surfaces. In short: medical implant cobalt.
What is the yield strength of F75-HIP?
F75-HIP has a typical yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 77% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is F75-HIP easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (13/100, better than 68% of cobalt-chrome alloy grades). Rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide or ceramic tools, low speed (15–30 m/min carbide) with heavy constant feed and flood coolant — never dwell, the alloy work-hardens instantly; grinding and EDM are common for finished implant geometry.
Can F75-HIP be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Cast high-carbon F75 is prone to hot cracking; use low-heat GTAW/laser/electron-beam with matching Co-Cr filler, preheat and post-weld solution treatment, or design to avoid welding altogether.
What surface finishes work on F75-HIP?
Sand/blast, then belt and diamond/alumina polish to a mirror bearing surface (Ra ≤ 0.02 µm); passivate or electropolish for biocompatibility; DLC/TiN PVD used for extra wear life. No anodizing.
Can F75-HIP be formed, bent or molded?
Not cold formable — parts are investment cast, laser powder-bed printed or milled from HIPed blanks; AM builds need supports, 750–1150 °C stress relief and optional HIP.
What is the maximum service temperature of F75-HIP?
F75-HIP is rated for continuous use to about 600°C (1,112 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between F75 As Cast and F75-HIP?
As Cast is the default condition — default condition for investment-cast implant and dental components; meets ASTM F75 minimums with coarse dendritic structure and interdendritic carbides. HIP: pick for load-bearing implants and critical AM parts: closes porosity and lack-of-fusion defects, giving the best ductility, toughness and fatigue life. Yield strength is 510 MPa in As Cast versus 650 MPa in HIP.
Can FabDigit make parts in F75-HIP?
Yes — F75-HIP is available for CNC machining and 3D printing with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM F75 — Standard Specification for Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy Castings and Casting Alloy for Surgical Implants — ASTM International (2018)
- ASTM F3301 — Additive Manufacturing, Post Processing Methods, Standard Specification for Thermal Post-Processing Metal Parts — ASTM International (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys (Cobalt-Base Alloys) — ASM International (1990)
- EOS CobaltChrome MP1 Material Data Sheet — EOS GmbH (2022)
- Sandvik Osprey CoCrMo (ASTM F75) AM Powder Datasheet — Sandvik (2022)
- Biomaterials property compilations for Co-Cr-Mo implant alloys — Springer / Elsevier reviews (2019)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.