FabDigitFabDigit

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS

Grade

Choose for IR windows/domes and laser hosts: pore-free HIPed body transparent from ~0.3 to 8 µm.

Premium cost $$$
Request a quote in Y2O3 HIP-TRANSY2O3 overview

Values for the HIP-TRANS condition

Other Y2O3 tempers and conditions

Y2O3 is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at Y2O3.

Compare all 2 conditionsHide
Condition · open for datasheetBest forYield MPaTensile MPaElong. %HardnessConductivity
SINT-99.9Default
Pressed and sintered dense Y2O3, 99.9 % purity
Standard opaque structural/crucible grade: dense sintered yttria for molten-metal crucibles, furnace parts and plasma-chamber components.———700 HV13 W/m·K
HIP-TRANSThis page
vacuum-sintered/HIPed transparent polycrystalline Y2O3
Choose for IR windows/domes and laser hosts: pore-free HIPed body transparent from ~0.3 to 8 µm.———740 HV14 W/m·K

What is Y2O3 HIP-TRANS?

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS is Y2O3 in the HIP-TRANS grade — choose for IR windows/domes and laser hosts: pore-free HIPed body transparent from ~0.3 to 8 µm. The elastic modulus is 172 GPa (24.9 Msi). Y2O3 HIP-TRANS has a density of 5.03 g/cm³ (0.182 lb/in³), heavier than 52% of ceramic grades. It melts at 2,425°C (4,397 °F). SINT-99.9 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HIP-TRANS is available on request or by drawing note.

Advantages

  • Polishes to a fine finish — 95/100, better than 97% of ceramic grades
  • Good corrosion resistance — 92/100, better than 88% of ceramic grades
  • High service temperature — 1,500°C (2,732 °F), better than 80% of ceramic grades

Limitations

  • Low fracture toughness — 1 MPa·√m (0.91 ksi·√in), worse than 84% of ceramic grades

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS properties

Typical room-temperature values for Y2O3 HIP-TRANS; 12 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Y2O3 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among ceramic grades.

Physical5

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS has a density of 5.03 g/cm³ (0.182 lb/in³), heavier than 52% of ceramic grades. It melts at 2,425°C (4,397 °F).

Density5.03 g/cm³0.18 lb/in³
Melting Point (Solidus)2,425°C4,397 °F
Refractive Index1.92
Light Transmission80%
Porosity0%

Mechanical10

The elastic modulus is 172 GPa (24.9 Msi).

Elastic (Young's) Modulus172 GPa24.9 Msi
Shear Modulus66 GPa9.6 Msi
Bulk Modulus148 GPa21.5 Msi
Poisson's Ratio0.3
Compressive Strength700 MPa102 ksi
Flexural Strength160 MPa23.2 ksi
Fracture Toughness (K_IC)1 MPa·√m0.91 ksi·√in
Hardness, Vickers740 HV
Hardness, Knoop720 HK
Hardness, Mohs6.5

Thermal5

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS is rated for continuous service to 1,500°C (2,732 °F). It conducts heat at 13.5 W/m·K (7.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 57% of ceramic grades. Thermal expansion is 7.6 µm/m·K (4.22 µin/in·°F).

Thermal Conductivity13.5 W/m·K7.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F
Specific Heat Capacity440 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F
Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)7.6 µm/m·K4.2 µin/in·°F
Max Service Temperature (continuous)1,500°C2,732 °F
Min Service Temperature-269°C-452 °F

Electrical5

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS is an electrical insulator with a dielectric strength of 12 kV/mm (304.8 V/mil) and a resistivity of 1×10¹² Ω·m.

Electrical Resistivity1×10¹² Ω·m3.94×10¹⁹ µΩ·in
Dielectric Strength12 kV/mm305 V/mil
Dielectric Constant (1 MHz)11.5
Dissipation Factor (1 MHz)5×10⁻⁴
Volume Resistivity1×10¹⁴ Ω·cm

Chemical & Environmental2

Corrosion resistance is excellent (92/100), better than 88% of ceramic grades.

Corrosion ResistanceExcellent92/100
Chemical Resistance SummaryVery stable against molten reactive metals (Ti, U, rare earths), halogen/fluorine plasmas, alkalis and reducing atmospheres; slowly dissolves in hot mineral acids (HNO3, HCl) and hydrates in humid air or water over long exposure forming Y(OH)3; avoid steam at high temperature.

Sustainability4

Producing a kilogram of Y2O3 HIP-TRANS takes about 280 MJ of energy and emits 22 kg of CO₂ — more than 71% of ceramic grades. Typical recycled content is 5%.

Embodied Energy (primary production)280 MJ/kg120,378 BTU/lb
Embodied Carbon (primary production)22 kg CO₂/kg
Embodied Water900 L/kg108 gal/lb
Typical Recycled Content5%

Manufacturability3

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS's machinability is not recommended (6/100, better than 61% of ceramic grades).

MachinabilityNot recommended6/100
PolishabilityExcellent95/100
Sintering / Firing Temperature1,750°C3,182 °F

Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.

Working with Y2O3 HIP-TRANS

Is Y2O3 easy to machine?

Green/bisque machining is the economical route; fired parts require diamond grinding, lapping and ultrasonic/laser drilling — low toughness makes edge chipping the main risk.

Can Y2O3 be welded?

Not weldable; join by active-metal brazing (Ti/Ag-Cu), glass sealing or mechanical clamping with compliant gaskets.

Can Y2O3 be formed, bent or molded?

Formed by uniaxial/CIP pressing, slip or tape casting and injection moulding of 99.9 % powder, then sintering at 1600–1800 °C; HIP or vacuum sintering with ZrO2/La2O3 aids gives transparency.

What surface finishes work on Y2O3?

Diamond lapping and CMP give optical polish (Ra < 5 nm); plasma-sprayed or aerosol-deposited Y2O3 layers are the standard finish on semiconductor chamber hardware.

Y2O3 chemical composition (wt %)

Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.

ElementSpec limit (wt %)Nominal
Ostoichiometric oxygen21.1 – 21.421.26
other rare earths (Ho, Er, Dy, Tb)typical 99.9–99.99 % purity residuals≤ 0.050.01
SiO2+Fe2O3+CaOnon-RE impurities≤ 0.050.02
Yas Y2O3, cubic bixbyite structure≥ 78.4 (balance)—

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS — frequently asked

What is Y2O3 HIP-TRANS used for?

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS is typically used for zirconia stabilizer dopant, IR-transparent optical windows, laser gain-media hosts and plasma-resistant chamber coatings. In short: halogen-plasma resistant oxide; stabiliser for tetragonal zirconia; refractory to 2000 °C.

Is Y2O3 HIP-TRANS easy to machine?

Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (6/100, better than 61% of ceramic grades). Green/bisque machining is the economical route; fired parts require diamond grinding, lapping and ultrasonic/laser drilling — low toughness makes edge chipping the main risk.

Can Y2O3 HIP-TRANS be welded?

Not weldable; join by active-metal brazing (Ti/Ag-Cu), glass sealing or mechanical clamping with compliant gaskets.

What surface finishes work on Y2O3 HIP-TRANS?

Diamond lapping and CMP give optical polish (Ra < 5 nm); plasma-sprayed or aerosol-deposited Y2O3 layers are the standard finish on semiconductor chamber hardware.

Can Y2O3 HIP-TRANS be formed, bent or molded?

Formed by uniaxial/CIP pressing, slip or tape casting and injection moulding of 99.9 % powder, then sintering at 1600–1800 °C; HIP or vacuum sintering with ZrO2/La2O3 aids gives transparency.

What is the maximum service temperature of Y2O3 HIP-TRANS?

Y2O3 HIP-TRANS is rated for continuous use to about 1,500°C (2,732 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.

Sources

  1. Engineered Materials Handbook Vol. 4: Ceramics and Glasses — ASM International (1991)
  2. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (properties of Y2O3) — CRC Press (2020)
  3. Yttria (Y2O3) technical ceramic and crucible data — CoorsTek / Kyocera / Ferrotec (2023)
  4. Transparent polycrystalline yttria optical ceramic property data — Konoshima / Optical ceramics literature (2020)

Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.