Precious Metal Gold 24K-F (As fabricated)
Temper
also Pure Gold
Condition of poured bars, grain and investment castings before working; coarse grain, slightly lower strength than wrought annealed.
Values for the F condition
Other Gold 24K tempers and conditions
Gold 24K is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at Gold 24K.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FThis page As fabricated | Condition of poured bars, grain and investment castings before working; coarse grain, slightly lower strength than wrought annealed. | 28 | 105 | 30 | 24 HB | 71 % IACS |
ODefault Annealed | Default stock condition for foil, bonding wire, sheet and bullion working — maximum ductility for beating, drawing and bonding. | 30 | 125 | 45 | 25 HB | 71 % IACS |
Half hard | Choose when soft gold sheet/wire needs some spring-back and handling stiffness while still being formable. | 130 | 170 | 15 | 43 HB | 70.5 % IACS |
Full hard | Maximum strength condition for as-drawn fine wire, contacts and springs; anneals back to soft above ~200 °C. | 205 | 220 | 4 | 55 HB | 70 % IACS |
What is Gold 24K-F?
Gold 24K-F is Gold 24K in the F temper — condition of poured bars, grain and investment castings before working; coarse grain, slightly lower strength than wrought annealed. Gold 24K-F has a yield strength of 28 MPa (4.06 ksi) and a tensile strength of 105 MPa (15.2 ksi) — weaker than 100% of precious metal grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 78 GPa (11.3 Msi). Gold 24K-F has a density of 19.32 g/cm³ (0.698 lb/in³), heavier than 91% of precious metal grades. It melts at 1,064°C (1,948 °F). O is the default condition FabDigit quotes; F is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Good corrosion resistance — 100/100, better than 98% of precious metal grades
- Readily welded — 85/100, better than 93% of precious metal grades
- High service temperature — 700°C (1,292 °F), better than 86% of precious metal grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 95/100, better than 86% of precious metal grades
- Conducts heat well — 318 W/m·K (183.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 76% of precious metal grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 28 MPa (4.06 ksi), worse than 100% of precious metal grades
- High embodied carbon — 25,000 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 99% of precious metal grades
- Heavy — 19.32 g/cm³ (0.698 lb/in³), worse than 91% of precious metal grades
- Low stiffness — 78 GPa (11.3 Msi), worse than 90% of precious metal grades
Gold 24K-F properties
Typical room-temperature values for Gold 24K-F; 19 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Gold 24K reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among precious metal grades.
Physical3
Gold 24K-F has a density of 19.32 g/cm³ (0.698 lb/in³), heavier than 91% of precious metal grades. It melts at 1,064°C (1,948 °F).
Mechanical11
Gold 24K-F has a yield strength of 28 MPa (4.06 ksi) and a tensile strength of 105 MPa (15.2 ksi) — weaker than 100% of precious metal grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 78 GPa (11.3 Msi).
Thermal6
Gold 24K-F is rated for continuous service to 700°C (1,292 °F). It conducts heat at 318 W/m·K (183.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 76% of precious metal grades. Thermal expansion is 14.2 µm/m·K (7.89 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Gold 24K-F conducts electricity at 71 % IACS, better than 76% of precious metal grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (100/100), better than 98% of precious metal grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Gold 24K-F takes about 260,000 MJ of energy and emits 25,000 kg of CO₂ — more than 98% of precious metal grades. Typical recycled content is 28%.
Manufacturability8
Gold 24K-F's machinability is fair (40/100, worse than 60% of precious metal grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability excellent (90/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with Gold 24K-F
Is Gold 24K easy to machine?
Very gummy and soft — use sharp positive-rake carbide or diamond tools, high speed, light feed, no built-up edge; single-point diamond turning gives optical mirror finishes; always collect swarf for refining.
Can Gold 24K be welded?
Excellent oxide-free laser, micro-TIG and torch welding with pure gold filler; avoid contamination by Pb, Bi, Hg or solder residues which cause hot cracking.
Can Gold 24K be formed, bent or molded?
Unlimited cold formability — rolls to <0.1 µm leaf, deep draws and coins easily; anneal 500–700 °C in air (no protective atmosphere needed) to reset work hardening.
What surface finishes work on Gold 24K?
Polishes to a mirror with fine alumina/diamond compound but scratches easily; no anodizing — hard-wear surfaces are protected with rhodium or hard-gold (Au-Co/Au-Ni) electroplate.
Gold 24K chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Agtypical residual from refining | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Fe | ≤ 0 | 0 |
| Pbkept very low — embrittles gold | ≤ 0 | — |
| Biembrittling impurity | ≤ 0 | — |
| Pd+Ptcombined PGM residuals | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Total impuritiesfor 999.9 fine; ≤0.1 % for 999 fine per GB/T 4134 | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| AuAu9999 fine gold; Au999 (99.9 min) also standard commercial purity | ≥ 99.99 (balance) | — |
Gold 24K-F — frequently asked
What is Gold 24K-F used for?
Gold 24K-F is typically used for bullion bars and coins, semiconductor bonding wire, sputtering and evaporation targets, gold leaf and foil, electrical contact and connector plating stock and 24K fine jewelry. In short: pure investment-grade gold.
What is the yield strength of Gold 24K-F?
Gold 24K-F has a typical yield strength of 28 MPa (4.06 ksi) and a tensile strength of 105 MPa (15.2 ksi) — weaker than 100% of precious metal grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is Gold 24K-F easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, worse than 60% of precious metal grades). Very gummy and soft — use sharp positive-rake carbide or diamond tools, high speed, light feed, no built-up edge; single-point diamond turning gives optical mirror finishes; always collect swarf for refining.
Can Gold 24K-F be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Excellent oxide-free laser, micro-TIG and torch welding with pure gold filler; avoid contamination by Pb, Bi, Hg or solder residues which cause hot cracking.
What surface finishes work on Gold 24K-F?
Polishes to a mirror with fine alumina/diamond compound but scratches easily; no anodizing — hard-wear surfaces are protected with rhodium or hard-gold (Au-Co/Au-Ni) electroplate.
Can Gold 24K-F be formed, bent or molded?
Unlimited cold formability — rolls to <0.1 µm leaf, deep draws and coins easily; anneal 500–700 °C in air (no protective atmosphere needed) to reset work hardening.
What is the maximum service temperature of Gold 24K-F?
Gold 24K-F is rated for continuous use to about 700°C (1,292 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Gold 24K-O and Gold 24K-H04?
O is the default condition — default stock condition for foil, bonding wire, sheet and bullion working — maximum ductility for beating, drawing and bonding. H04: maximum strength condition for as-drawn fine wire, contacts and springs; anneals back to soft above ~200 °C. Yield strength is 30 MPa in O versus 205 MPa in H04.
Sources
- ASTM B562 — Standard Specification for Refined Gold — ASTM International (2020)
- GB/T 4134 (Gold Ingots) — SAC / (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials (Precious Metals) — ASM International (1990)
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Properties of the Elements — CRC Press (2022)
- Gold Bulletin / World Gold Council technical data on pure gold properties and GHG intensity — World Gold Council (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.