Steel S5 Hardened & Tempered vs S5 Normalized
Steel · S5 temper comparison
S5 Hardened & Tempered and S5 Normalized are two conditions of the same steel grade, S5: Hardened & Tempered (quenched and tempered) versus Normalized. The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. S5 Hardened & Tempered is the stronger of the two: yield strength 1,850 MPa (268 ksi) against 800 MPa (116 ksi) for S5 Normalized, about 131% more; tensile strength follows at 2,150 MPa (312 ksi) vs 1,250 MPa (181 ksi). In exchange, S5 Normalized is the more ductile: elongation 10% versus 4% for S5 Hardened & Tempered, and S5 Normalized is harder (375 HB vs 215 HB). S5 Normalized runs hotter in service (250°C vs 175°C continuous). On the shop floor, S5 Hardened & Tempered machines more easily (fair vs poor) and S5 Hardened & Tempered welds better (25 vs 15 out of 100).
S5 Hardened & TemperedChoose it when strength drives the design, or when the part is machined in volume.
S5 NormalizedChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
S5 Hardened & Tempered vs S5 Normalized: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
S5 Hardened & TemperedS5 Normalized
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Compressive Strength
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 207 GPa30 Msi · Shear Modulus 80 GPa11.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29 · Hardness, Rockwell B 95 HRB
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.76 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,420°C2,588 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,480°C2,696 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Thermal Conductivity
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Specific Heat Capacity 460 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 12.4 µm/m·K6.9 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 250 J/g107 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -50°C-58 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Electrical Conductivity
Electrical Resistivity
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.6 V · Corrosion Resistance 12 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Castability 30 / 100 · Brazeability / Solderability 35 / 100 · Polishability 60 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 36 MJ/kg15,477 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 2.6 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 65 L/kg7.8 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 40%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
S5 Hardened & Tempered vs S5 Normalized — frequently asked
Is S5 Hardened & Tempered stronger than S5 Normalized?
Yes. S5 Hardened & Tempered has a typical yield strength of 1,850 MPa (268 ksi) against 800 MPa (116 ksi) for S5 Normalized — about 131% more. Tensile strength is 2,150 MPa (312 ksi) vs 1,250 MPa (181 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, Hardened & Tempered or Normalized?
Annealed is the default S5 condition in the FabDigit quote flow (neither Hardened & Tempered nor Normalized). The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, S5 Hardened & Tempered or S5 Normalized?
S5 Hardened & Tempered. Its machinability rates fair (50/100) against poor (28/100) for S5 Normalized; for welding the order is S5 Hardened & Tempered first (poor, 25/100) then S5 Normalized (poor, 15/100).
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in S5 Hardened & Tempered and S5 Normalized side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.